create gh actions gcc version matrix and support gcc-14

[briaguya0]

this includes the fixes from #76, but addresses the ci issue differently

in #76

• building on mac was created as a separate job
• *-latest runners are still being used

in this PR:

• OS and gcc version are now handled via matrix
• *-latest is replaced with what *-latest currently is (ubuntu-22.04 for linux and macos-14 for mac)
  • note, i didn't change the deploy step away from *-latest

the matrix includes

os	gcc versions
ubuntu-22.04	gcc-11, gcc-12
ubuntu-24.04	gcc-12, gcc-13, gcc-14
macos-14	gcc-13, gcc-14

i addressed the issue of deploying build artifacts by adding a deployable bool to the matrix. as of making this PR, the builds that were being deployed were running on gcc (no version specified - i checked and it's 11) on ubuntu-latest (currently 22.04), so i set the deployable flag to true for ubuntu-22.04/gcc-11.