Multithreaded Kernel from Scratch

Kernel Features

• Custom Bootloader

  • Written in x86 assembly
  • Runs in Real Mode
  • Outputs text to screen
  • Reads sectors directly from disk
  • Implements basic interrupts

• Protected Mode Kernel

  • Switches CPU to 32-bit protected mode
  • Uses Intel memory protection and privilege rings
  • Implements paging and virtual memory
  • Supports memory virtualization for processes

• Memory Management

  • Physical and virtual address mapping
  • Page table manipulation
  • Custom heap allocator (malloc / free)
  • Memory mapping and unmapping for processes

• Multitasking & Process Management

  • Task creation and scheduling
  • User-mode execution with privilege separation
  • Inter-process communication via interrupts
  • Process termination and crash handling

• Filesystem Support

  • Virtual File System (VFS) abstraction layer
  • FAT16 filesystem driver
  • File operations: fopen, fread, fseek, fstat, fclose
  • Path parsing and directory handling

• Executable Loading

  • ELF binary loader
  • Support for loading user-space programs
  • Process argument passing

• Device Drivers

  • PS/2 keyboard driver with buffer
  • ATA disk driver
  • Virtual keyboard input layer

• Shell Environment

  • Interactive command-line shell
  • Built-in kernel commands
  • Ability to launch user-space programs from shell

• Debugging Support

  • GDB integration via emulators
  • Disassembled machine code debugging

• Additional Features

  • Kernel panic handler
  • Caps lock and character case handling
  • Backspace and basic terminal editing