Create app.js #35

jeff-cycode · 2024-11-08T20:59:47Z

No description provided.

cycode-security · 2024-11-08T21:01:23Z

app.js

+  username: 'testuser'
+};
+// Generate the token
+const token = jwt.sign(payload, "this_is_not_really_a_JWT_secret", { expiresIn: '365d' });


❗Cycode: SAST violation: 'Leakage of sensitive data in JWT'.

Severity: High

Description

Storing sensitive data in JWTs exposes it to potential security risks. JWTs are designed for transmitting data securely among parties but are not inherently secure storage for sensitive information.

Cycode Remediation Guideline

✅ Do

Do use non-sensitive, unique identifiers like a user's UUID in JWTs to reference user information securely.

const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken'); const token = jwt.sign({ user: user.uuid });

❌ Don't

Do not include sensitive data, such as email addresses, in JWTs. This can lead to unauthorized access to personal information.

const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken'); const token = jwt.sign({ user: { email: 'john@gmail.com' }}); // unsafe

📋 References

OWASP sensitive data exposure

#cycode_ai_remediation

✅ Cycode is processing your request. This may take up to one minute. Please, wait...

Vulnerability Explanation

The code is generating a JSON Web Token (JWT) using a hardcoded secret key, which is not secure. The secret key is used to sign the token, and if it is compromised, an attacker can create and sign their own tokens, potentially gaining unauthorized access to the application. In this case, the secret key is a simple string, "this_is_not_really_a_JWT_secret", which is not secure and should not be used in production.

Additionally, the code is storing sensitive data (user ID) in the JWT payload, which is not recommended. JWTs are not encrypted by default, and the payload can be easily decoded by anyone who intercepts the token. This can expose sensitive information to potential attackers.

Remediation Instructions

Use a secure secret key to sign the JWT. The secret key should be a long, randomly generated string that is stored securely and not hardcoded in the application.

Store the secret key in an environment variable or a secure configuration file that is not checked into version control.

Do not store sensitive data in the JWT payload. Instead, store only non-sensitive data that is required for authentication and authorization.

If you need to store sensitive data, consider using an encrypted JWT (JWE) or storing the data securely on the server and associating it with the JWT using a unique identifier.

Suggested Fix

@@ -11,11 +11,13 @@ // ----------------- this section is only for debug purpose to generate the token in the console log to be used to test in the Postman------------- // Payload (data) for the token const payload = { - userId: 123, // Example user ID + sub: '123', // Example user ID, using 'sub' claim for subject identifier username: 'testuser' }; +// Generate a secure secret key +const secretKey = process.env.JWT_SECRET_KEY; // Generate the token -const token = jwt.sign(payload, "this_is_not_really_a_JWT_secret", { expiresIn: '365d' }); +const token = jwt.sign(payload, secretKey, { expiresIn: '365d' }); console.log('Generated JWT Token:', token); // ----------------- this section is only for debug purpose to generate the token in the console log to be used to test in the Postman------------- // Create a MySQL connection pool

Tell us what to do with one of the following hashtags:

Tag Short Description

#cycode_fix_this_violation Apply the proposed fix

cycode-security · 2024-11-08T21:01:24Z

app.js

+app.post('/api/data', authenticateJWT, (req, res) => {
+  const { inputData } = req.body;
+  // XSS vulnerability: No sanitization of user input
+  const responseData = `<div>User Input: ${inputData}</div>`;


❗Cycode: SAST violation: 'Unsanitized user input in raw HTML strings (XSS)'.

Severity: High

Description

Including unsanitized user input in HTML exposes your application to cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks. This vulnerability allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users.

Cycode Remediation Guideline

✅ Do

Do use a framework or templating language that automatically handles the encoding and sanitization of user input when constructing HTML. This approach minimizes the risk of XSS attacks.

Do sanitize user input if you must use HTML strings directly. Utilize libraries designed for input sanitization to ensure that user input does not contain malicious content.

import sanitizeHtml from 'sanitize-html' const sanitizedTitle = sanitizeHtml(req.params.title) const html = `<h1>${sanitizedTitle}</h1>`

❌ Don't

Do not include user input directly in HTML strings. This practice can lead to XSS vulnerabilities.

const html = `<h1>${req.params.title}</h1>` // unsafe

📋 References

OWASP Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Cheatsheet

#cycode_ai_remediation

cycode-security · 2024-11-08T21:01:25Z

app.js

+  // Send a 200 OK status code and the response
+  res.status(200).send({
+    message: 'Request was successful!',
+    data: responseData


❗Cycode: SAST violation: 'Unsanitized user input in raw HTML strings (XSS)'.

Severity: High

Description

Including unsanitized user input in HTML exposes your application to cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks. This vulnerability allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users.

Cycode Remediation Guideline

✅ Do

Do use a framework or templating language that automatically handles the encoding and sanitization of user input when constructing HTML. This approach minimizes the risk of XSS attacks.

Do sanitize user input if you must use HTML strings directly. Utilize libraries designed for input sanitization to ensure that user input does not contain malicious content.

import sanitizeHtml from 'sanitize-html' const sanitizedTitle = sanitizeHtml(req.params.title) const html = `<h1>${sanitizedTitle}</h1>`

❌ Don't

Do not include user input directly in HTML strings. This practice can lead to XSS vulnerabilities.

const html = `<h1>${req.params.title}</h1>` // unsafe

📋 References

OWASP Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Cheatsheet

cycode-security · 2024-11-08T21:01:25Z

app.js

+const express = require('express');
+const mysql = require('mysql2');
+const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken'); // For JWT token
+const app = express();


❗Cycode: SAST violation: 'Missing Helmet configuration on HTTP headers'.

Severity: Medium

Description

Helmet can help protect your app from some well-known web vulnerabilities by setting HTTP headers appropriately. Failing to configure Helmet for HTTP headers leaves your application vulnerable to several web attacks.

Cycode Remediation Guideline

✅ Do

Do use Helmet middleware to secure your app by adding it to your application's middleware.

const helmet = require("helmet"); app.use(helmet());

📋 References

Express Security Best Practices: Use Helmet

#cycode_ai_remediation

✅ Cycode is processing your request. This may take up to one minute. Please, wait...

Vulnerability Explanation

The code provided does not include the Helmet middleware, which is a crucial security feature for Express.js applications. Helmet helps secure Express apps by setting various HTTP headers. These headers can protect your application from common web vulnerabilities, such as clickjacking, cross-site scripting (XSS), and MIME-sniffing.

In the given code, the following line initializes the Express application:

const app = express();

However, there is no mention of Helmet being used to secure the HTTP headers.

Remediation Instructions

To fix this vulnerability, you need to install and configure the Helmet middleware in your Express application.

Install Helmet using npm or yarn:

npm install helmet

or

yarn add helmet

Import Helmet at the top of your file:

const helmet = require('helmet');

Add the Helmet middleware to your Express application, right after initializing the app:

app.use(helmet());

Suggested Fix

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@ const express = require('express'); const mysql = require('mysql2'); const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken'); // For JWT token +const helmet = require('helmet'); // Import Helmet const app = express(); +app.use(helmet()); // Add Helmet middleware // const fs = require('fs'); // const path = require('path'); const swaggerUi = require('swagger-ui-express');

Tell us what to do with one of the following hashtags:

Tag Short Description

#cycode_fix_this_violation Apply the proposed fix

cycode-security · 2024-11-08T21:01:27Z

app.js

+};
+// Generate the token
+const token = jwt.sign(payload, "this_is_not_really_a_JWT_secret", { expiresIn: '365d' });
+console.log('Generated JWT Token:', token);


❗Cycode: SAST violation: 'Leakage of sensitive information in logger message'.

Severity: Medium

Description

Sensitive information leakage through logger messages can compromise user privacy and security. This vulnerability occurs when sensitive data, such as personal identifiable information (PII), is included in log messages, making it accessible to unauthorized individuals.

Cycode Remediation Guideline

✅ Do

Do use non-sensitive, unique identifiers to reference users in log messages. This approach maintains user privacy while still allowing for effective logging.

logger.info(`User is: ${user.uuid}`)

❌ Don't

Do not include sensitive data in logger messages. This can lead to unintended exposure of private information.

logger.info(`User is: ${user.email}`) // unsafe

📋 References

OWASP Logging Cheat Sheet

#cycode_ai_remediation

cycode-security · 2024-11-08T21:01:28Z

app.js

+const express = require('express');
+const mysql = require('mysql2');
+const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken'); // For JWT token
+const app = express();


❗Cycode: SAST violation: 'Missing server configuration to reduce server fingerprinting'.

Severity: Medium

Description

Reducing server fingerprinting enhances security by making it harder for attackers to identify the software your server is running. Server fingerprinting involves analyzing the unique responses of server software to specific requests, which can reveal information about the server's software and version. While not a direct security vulnerability, minimizing this information leakage is a proactive step to obscure details that could be used in targeted attacks.

Cycode Remediation Guideline

✅ Do

Do disable the X-Powered-By header in Express.js applications to prevent revealing the server's technology stack. Use the app.disable() method to achieve this.

app.disable('x-powered-by');

📋 References

Express Security Best Practices

#cycode_ai_remediation

Create app.js

b9c54b2

cycode-security bot reviewed Nov 8, 2024

View reviewed changes

jeff-cycode closed this Nov 12, 2024

Create app.js #35

Create app.js #35

Uh oh!

Conversation

jeff-cycode commented Nov 8, 2024

Uh oh!

cycode-security bot Nov 8, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

✅ Do

❌ Don't

📋 References

Uh oh!

jeff-cycode Nov 8, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

Uh oh!

jeff-cycode Nov 12, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

Uh oh!

cycode-security bot Nov 12, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

Uh oh!

cycode-security bot Nov 12, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

Uh oh!

cycode-security bot Nov 8, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

✅ Do

❌ Don't

📋 References

Uh oh!

jeff-cycode Nov 8, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

Uh oh!

cycode-security bot Nov 8, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

✅ Do

❌ Don't

📋 References

Uh oh!

cycode-security bot Nov 8, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

✅ Do

📋 References

Uh oh!

jeff-cycode Nov 8, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

Uh oh!

jeff-cycode Nov 12, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

Uh oh!

cycode-security bot Nov 12, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

Uh oh!

cycode-security bot Nov 12, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

Uh oh!

cycode-security bot Nov 8, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

✅ Do

❌ Don't

📋 References

Uh oh!

jeff-cycode Nov 8, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

Uh oh!

cycode-security bot Nov 8, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

✅ Do

📋 References

Uh oh!

jeff-cycode Nov 10, 2024

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

Uh oh!

Reviewers

Assignees

Labels

Projects

Milestone

Development

Uh oh!