diff --git a/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/domain/service/AuthService.java b/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/domain/service/AuthService.java
index 2c0265d..32ed244 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/domain/service/AuthService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/domain/service/AuthService.java
@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Optional;
 import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+import org.springframework.security.authentication.BadCredentialsException;
+import org.springframework.security.authentication.DisabledException;
+import org.springframework.security.authentication.LockedException;
 import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
 import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
 import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
@@ -63,9 +66,18 @@ public LoginResponseDto login(LoginRequestDto loginRequestDto) {
 
     // 2. 실제로 검증 (사용자 비밀번호 체크) 이 이루어지는 부분
     // authenticate 메서드가 실행이 될 때 CustomUserDetailsService 에서 만들었던 loadUserByUsername 메서드가 실행됨
-    Authentication authentication = authenticationManagerBuilder.getObject()
-        .authenticate(authenticationToken);
-    String identifier = authentication.getName();
+    String identifier;
+    try {
+      Authentication authentication = authenticationManagerBuilder.getObject()
+          .authenticate(authenticationToken);
+      identifier = authentication.getName();
+    } catch (BadCredentialsException e) {
+      throw new CustomException(ErrorCode.BAD_CREDENTIAL_ACCESS);
+    } catch (DisabledException e) {
+      throw new CustomException(ErrorCode.DISABLED_USER);
+    } catch (LockedException e) {
+      throw new CustomException(ErrorCode.LOCKED_USER);
+    }
 
     // 3. 인증 정보를 기반으로 JWT 토큰 생성
     TokenDto tokenDto = tokenProvider.createToken(identifier);
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/config/auth/JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint.java b/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/config/auth/JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint.java
index 5bea114..d21b980 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/config/auth/JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/config/auth/JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint.java
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ public void commence(
         errorCode = ErrorCode.REFRESH_TOKEN_EXPIRATION;
       }
 
-      if (exception.equals(ErrorCode.NOT_CORRECT_USER.getCode())) {
-        errorCode = ErrorCode.NOT_CORRECT_USER;
+      if (exception.equals(ErrorCode.UNAUTHORIZED_TOKEN.getCode())) {
+        errorCode = ErrorCode.UNAUTHORIZED_TOKEN;
       }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/config/auth/JwtFilter.java b/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/config/auth/JwtFilter.java
index 09b6d35..5e86e9c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/config/auth/JwtFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/config/auth/JwtFilter.java
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
 import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
 import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
 import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
@@ -24,6 +26,14 @@ public class JwtFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
   private final TokenProvider tokenProvider;
   private final RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
   private final ExceptionResponseHandler exceptionResponseHandler = new ExceptionResponseHandler();
+  private final List<String> excludedPaths = Arrays.asList("/auth/login","/auth/signup");
+
+  @Override
+  protected boolean shouldNotFilter(HttpServletRequest request) throws ServletException{
+    // 로그인, 회원가입 API URL이 포함되는지 확인하는 함수
+    String path = request.getRequestURI();
+    return excludedPaths.stream().anyMatch(path::equals);
+  }
 
   // 실제 필터링 로직은 doFilterInternal 에 들어감
   // JWT 토큰의 인증 정보를 현재 쓰레드의 SecurityContext 에 저장하는 역할 수행
@@ -38,7 +48,7 @@ protected void doFilterInternal(
     String jwt = resolveToken(request);
 
     // 2. 토큰의 존재여부 & accessToken 유효성 검사
-    if (tokenProvider.validateToken(jwt, request) && StringUtils.hasText(jwt)) {
+    if (StringUtils.hasText(jwt) && tokenProvider.validateToken(jwt, request)) {
       System.out.println("JWT Token 검증 통과");
 
       // 3. 로그아웃 유저 확인 (access: O, refresh: X)
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/config/auth/TokenProvider.java b/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/config/auth/TokenProvider.java
index af03bd6..6ab6a6a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/config/auth/TokenProvider.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/config/auth/TokenProvider.java
@@ -139,8 +139,8 @@ public boolean validateToken(String token, HttpServletRequest request) {
     } catch (UnsupportedJwtException e) {
       log.info("지원되지 않는 JWT 토큰입니다.");
     } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
-      log.info("아이디나 비밀번호가 잘못되었습니다");
-      request.setAttribute("exception", ErrorCode.NOT_CORRECT_USER.getCode());
+      log.info("JWT 토큰이 잘못되었습니다.");
+      request.setAttribute("exception", ErrorCode.UNAUTHORIZED_TOKEN.getCode());
     }
     return false;
   }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/error/ErrorCode.java b/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/error/ErrorCode.java
index de053f1..f4f3e30 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/error/ErrorCode.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/writon/admin/global/error/ErrorCode.java
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ public enum ErrorCode {
   BAD_REQUEST(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "400", "잘못된 요청입니다"), // 400 Bad Request
   UNAUTHORIZED(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED, "401", "권한이 없습니다"), // 401 Unauthorized
   FORBIDDEN(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN, "403", "잘못된 요청입니다"), // 403 Forbidden
-  NOT_FOUND(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "404", "사용자를 찾을 수 없습니다"), // 404 Not Found
+  NOT_FOUND(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "404", "정보를 찾을 수 없습니다"), // 404 Not Found
   METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED(HttpStatus.METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, "405", "허용되지 않은 메소드입니다"), // 405 Method Not Allowed
   CONFLICT(HttpStatus.CONFLICT, "409", "이미 가입한 사용자입니다"), // 409 Conflict
   INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "500", "서버에 오류가 발생하였습니다"), // 500 Internal Server Error
@@ -21,10 +21,13 @@ public enum ErrorCode {
 
   // auth
   USER_NOT_FOUND(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "A01", "사용자를 찾을 수 없습니다"),
-  NOT_CORRECT_USER(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "A02", "아이디나 비밀번호가 잘못되었습니다"),
+  UNAUTHORIZED_TOKEN(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED, "A02", "권한이 없는 토큰입니다"),
   REFRESH_TOKEN_EXPIRATION(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED, "A03", "만료된 토큰입니다"),
   ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRATION(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED, "A04", "토큰 재발급을 요청해주세요"),
   REFRESH_TOKEN_INCONSISTENCY(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "A05", "토큰이 일치하지 않습니다"),
+  BAD_CREDENTIAL_ACCESS(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "A06", "아이디 혹은 비밀번호가 잘못되었습니다"),
+  DISABLED_USER(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "A07", "비활성화된 계정입니다"),
+  LOCKED_USER(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "A08", "계정이 잠겨 있습니다"),
 
   // organization
   ORGANIZATION_NOT_FOUND(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "O01", "조직 정보를 찾을 수 없습니다"),