diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 6692b2c594..56e050c70d 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## Unreleased
+
+**Breaking Changes**:
+
+- Return status code `413` if a request is rejected due to size limits. ([#5474](https://github.com/getsentry/relay/pull/5474))
+
 ## 25.12.1
 
 **Features**:
diff --git a/relay-server/src/endpoints/common.rs b/relay-server/src/endpoints/common.rs
index 83b595c758..2aa68a6811 100644
--- a/relay-server/src/endpoints/common.rs
+++ b/relay-server/src/endpoints/common.rs
@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ impl IntoResponse for BadStoreRequest {
                 // now executed asynchronously in `EnvelopeProcessor`.
                 (StatusCode::FORBIDDEN, body).into_response()
             }
+            BadStoreRequest::Overflow(_) => (StatusCode::PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE, body).into_response(),
             _ => {
                 // In all other cases, we indicate a generic bad request to the client and render
                 // the cause. This was likely the client's fault.
diff --git a/tests/integration/test_basic.py b/tests/integration/test_basic.py
index 0b3bd079a0..9adf52fab9 100644
--- a/tests/integration/test_basic.py
+++ b/tests/integration/test_basic.py
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 import pytest
 import signal
 import zlib
+from requests import HTTPError
 
 
 def test_graceful_shutdown_with_in_memory_buffer(mini_sentry, relay):
@@ -376,3 +377,16 @@ def test_root_project_same(mini_sentry, relay):
     same_dsn = mini_sentry.get_dsn_public_key(project_id)
     txn = send_transaction_with_dsc(mini_sentry, relay, project_id, same_dsn)
     assert txn["contexts"]["trace"]["client_sample_rate"] == 0.5
+
+
+def test_size_limit_status_code(mini_sentry, relay):
+    project_id = 42
+    mini_sentry.add_basic_project_config(project_id)
+    relay = relay(
+        mini_sentry,
+        {
+            "limits": {"max_event_size": "1B"},
+        },
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPError, match="413 Client Error"):
+        relay.send_event(project_id)