diff --git a/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/MathUtilities.java b/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/MathUtilities.java
index 8076dfe..8b99927 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/MathUtilities.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/MathUtilities.java
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 /**
  * Created by dan on 6/14/17.
+ * Completed lab on 10/29/21 12:03 AM. haven't slept in days
  */
 public class MathUtilities {
 
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ public class MathUtilities {
      * @return sum of `baseValue` and `difference`
      */
     public Integer add(int baseValue, int difference) {
-        return null;
+        return  baseValue + difference;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -19,8 +20,9 @@ public Integer add(int baseValue, int difference) {
      * @param difference value to add to starting value
      * @return sum of `baseValue` and `difference`
      */
+    
     public Long add(long baseValue, long difference) {
-        return null;
+        return baseValue + difference;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -28,8 +30,9 @@ public Long add(long baseValue, long difference) {
      * @param difference value to add to starting value
      * @return sum of `baseValue` and `difference`
      */
+    
     public Short add(short baseValue, short difference) {
-        return null;
+        return (short) (baseValue + difference);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -38,7 +41,7 @@ public Short add(short baseValue, short difference) {
      * @return sum of `baseValue` and `difference`
      */
     public Byte add(byte baseValue, byte difference) {
-        return null;
+        return (byte)(baseValue + difference);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -47,7 +50,7 @@ public Byte add(byte baseValue, byte difference) {
      * @return sum of `baseValue` and `difference`
      */
     public Float add(float baseValue, float difference) {
-        return null;
+        return (float)(baseValue + difference);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -56,7 +59,7 @@ public Float add(float baseValue, float difference) {
      * @return sum of `baseValue` and `difference`
      */
     public Double add(double baseValue, double difference) {
-        return null;
+        return (double)(baseValue + difference);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -65,7 +68,7 @@ public Double add(double baseValue, double difference) {
      * @return difference between `baseValue` and `difference`
      */
     public Integer subtract(int baseValue, int difference) {
-        return null;
+        return baseValue - difference;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -74,7 +77,7 @@ public Integer subtract(int baseValue, int difference) {
      * @return difference between `baseValue` and `difference`
      */
     public Long subtract(long baseValue, long difference) {
-        return null;
+        return baseValue - difference;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -83,7 +86,7 @@ public Long subtract(long baseValue, long difference) {
      * @return difference between `baseValue` and `difference`
      */
     public Short subtract(short baseValue, short difference) {
-        return null;
+        return (short)(baseValue - difference);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -92,7 +95,7 @@ public Short subtract(short baseValue, short difference) {
      * @return difference between `baseValue` and `difference`
      */
     public Byte subtract(byte baseValue, byte difference) {
-        return null;
+        return (byte)(baseValue - difference);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -101,7 +104,7 @@ public Byte subtract(byte baseValue, byte difference) {
      * @return difference between `baseValue` and `difference`
      */
     public Float subtract(float baseValue, float difference) {
-        return null;
+        return (float) (baseValue - difference);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -110,7 +113,7 @@ public Float subtract(float baseValue, float difference) {
      * @return difference between `baseValue` and `difference`
      */
     public Double subtract(double baseValue, double difference) {
-        return null;
+        return (double)(baseValue - difference);
     }
 
 
@@ -120,7 +123,7 @@ public Double subtract(double baseValue, double difference) {
      * @return division of `dividend` by `divisor
      */
     public Integer divide(int dividend, int divisor) {
-        return null;
+        return dividend / divisor;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -129,7 +132,7 @@ public Integer divide(int dividend, int divisor) {
      * @return division of `dividend` by `divisor
      */
     public Long divide(long dividend, long divisor) {
-        return null;
+        return dividend / divisor;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -138,7 +141,7 @@ public Long divide(long dividend, long divisor) {
      * @return division of `dividend` by `divisor
      */
     public Short divide(short dividend, short divisor) {
-        return null;
+        return (short) (dividend / divisor);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -147,7 +150,7 @@ public Short divide(short dividend, short divisor) {
      * @return division of `dividend` by `divisor
      */
     public Byte divide(byte dividend, byte divisor) {
-        return null;
+        return (byte)(dividend / divisor);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -156,7 +159,7 @@ public Byte divide(byte dividend, byte divisor) {
      * @return division of `dividend` by `divisor
      */
     public Float divide(float dividend, float divisor) {
-        return null;
+        return (float)(dividend / divisor);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -165,7 +168,7 @@ public Float divide(float dividend, float divisor) {
      * @return division of `dividend` by `divisor
      */
     public Double divide(double dividend, double divisor) {
-        return null;
+        return (double)(dividend / divisor);
     }
 
 
@@ -175,7 +178,7 @@ public Double divide(double dividend, double divisor) {
      * @return product of `multiplicand` by `multiplier`
      */
     public Integer multiply(int multiplicand, int multiplier) {
-        return null;
+        return multiplicand * multiplier;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -184,7 +187,7 @@ public Integer multiply(int multiplicand, int multiplier) {
      * @return product of `multiplicand` by `multiplier`
      */
     public Long multiply(long multiplicand, long multiplier) {
-        return null;
+        return multiplicand * multiplier;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -193,7 +196,7 @@ public Long multiply(long multiplicand, long multiplier) {
      * @return product of `multiplicand` by `multiplier`
      */
     public Short multiply(short multiplicand, short multiplier) {
-        return null;
+        return (short)(multiplicand * multiplier);
     }
     /**
      * @param multiplicand value to be multiplied
@@ -201,7 +204,7 @@ public Short multiply(short multiplicand, short multiplier) {
      * @return product of `multiplicand` by `multiplier`
      */
     public Byte multiply(byte multiplicand, byte multiplier) {
-        return null;
+        return (byte)(multiplicand * multiplier);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -210,7 +213,7 @@ public Byte multiply(byte multiplicand, byte multiplier) {
      * @return product of `multiplicand` by `multiplier`
      */
     public Float multiply(float multiplicand, float multiplier) {
-        return null;
+        return (float)(multiplicand * multiplier);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -219,6 +222,6 @@ public Float multiply(float multiplicand, float multiplier) {
      * @return product of `multiplicand` by `multiplier`
      */
     public Double multiply(double multiplicand, double multiplier) {
-        return null;
+        return (double)(multiplicand * multiplier);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/PredicateUtilities.java b/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/PredicateUtilities.java
index cb5f822..891cdf6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/PredicateUtilities.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/PredicateUtilities.java
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 /**
  * Created by dan on 6/14/17.
+ * Completed lab on 10/29/21 12:03 AM. haven't slept in days
  */
 public class PredicateUtilities {
     /**
@@ -10,7 +11,7 @@ public class PredicateUtilities {
      * @return true if `x` is greater than `y`
      */
     public Boolean isGreaterThan(int x, int y) {
-        return null;
+        return x > y;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ public Boolean isGreaterThan(int x, int y) {
      * @return true if `x` is less than `y`
      */
     public Boolean isLessThan(int x, int y) {
-        return null;
+        return x < y;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ public Boolean isLessThan(int x, int y) {
      * @return true if `x` is greater than or equal to `y`
      */
     public Boolean isGreaterThanOrEqualTo(int x, int y) {
-        return null;
+        return x >= y;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ public Boolean isGreaterThanOrEqualTo(int x, int y) {
      * @return true if `x` is less than or equal to `y`
      */
     public Boolean isLessThanOrEqualTo(int x, int y) {
-        return null;
+        return x <= y;
     }
 
 
@@ -45,14 +46,14 @@ public Boolean isLessThanOrEqualTo(int x, int y) {
      * @return true
      */
     public Boolean returnTrue() {
-        return null;
+        return true;
     }
 
     /**
      * @return false
      */
     public Boolean returnFalse() {
-        return null;
+        return false;
     }
 
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/StringUtilities.java b/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/StringUtilities.java
index 2f776a9..ec505a4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/StringUtilities.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/StringUtilities.java
@@ -2,13 +2,14 @@
 
 /**
  * Created by dan on 6/14/17.
+ * Completed lab on 10/29/21 12:03 AM. haven't slept in days
  */
 public class StringUtilities {
     /**
      * @return `Hello World` as a string
      */
     public static String getHelloWorld() {
-        return null;
+        return "Hello World";
     }
 
     /**
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ public static String getHelloWorld() {
      * @return the concatenation of two strings, `firstSegment`, and `secondSegment`
      */
     public static String concatenation(String firstSegment, String secondSegment){
-        return null;
+        return firstSegment + secondSegment;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ public static String concatenation(String firstSegment, String secondSegment){
      * @return the concatenation of an integer, `firstSegment`, and a String, `secondSegment`
      */
     public static String concatenation(int firstSegment, String secondSegment){
-        return null;
+        return firstSegment + secondSegment;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ public static String concatenation(int firstSegment, String secondSegment){
      * @return the first 3 characters of `input`
      */
     public static String getPrefix(String input){
-        return null;
+        return input.substring(0, 3);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@ public static String getPrefix(String input){
      * @return the last 3 characters of `input`
      */
     public static String getSuffix(String input){
-        return null;
+        return input.substring(input.length()-3, input.length());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -51,7 +52,9 @@ public static String getSuffix(String input){
      * @return the equivalence of two strings, `inputValue` and `comparableValue`
      */
     public static Boolean compareTwoStrings(String inputValue, String comparableValue){
-        return null;
+
+
+        return inputValue == comparableValue;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -59,7 +62,13 @@ public static Boolean compareTwoStrings(String inputValue, String comparableValu
      * @return the middle character of `inputValue`
      */
     public static Character getMiddleCharacter(String inputValue){
-        return null;
+        if (inputValue.length() % 2 != 0 ){
+            return inputValue.charAt(inputValue.length()/2 );
+
+        }
+        else {
+            return inputValue.charAt(inputValue.length() / 2 - 1);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -67,7 +76,12 @@ public static Character getMiddleCharacter(String inputValue){
      * @return the first sequence of characters
      */
     public static String getFirstWord(String spaceDelimitedString){
-        return null;
+        int i = spaceDelimitedString.indexOf(' ');
+        String word = spaceDelimitedString.substring(0, i);
+        String rest = spaceDelimitedString.substring(i);
+
+
+        return word;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -75,7 +89,10 @@ public static String getFirstWord(String spaceDelimitedString){
      * @return the second word of a string delimited by spaces.
      */
     public static String getSecondWord(String spaceDelimitedString){
-        return null;
+        int i = spaceDelimitedString.indexOf(' ');
+
+        String rest = spaceDelimitedString.substring(i);
+        return rest.trim();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -83,6 +100,8 @@ public static String getSecondWord(String spaceDelimitedString){
      * @return an identical string with characters in reverse order.
      */
     public static String reverse(String stringToReverse){
-        return null;
+
+
+        return new StringBuilder(stringToReverse).reverse().toString();
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/ZipcodeRocks.java b/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/ZipcodeRocks.java
index 819f21b..83f0236 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/ZipcodeRocks.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/danny_do_better_exercises/ZipcodeRocks.java
@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@
 
 /**
  * Created by leon on 2/5/18.
+ * Completed lab on 10/29/21 12:03 AM. haven't slept in days
  */
 public class ZipcodeRocks {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
-//         System.out.println("Zipcode Rocks!");
+       System.out.println("Zipcode Rocks!");
     }
 }