diff --git a/.github/workflows/pytest.yml b/.github/workflows/pytest.yml
index 62fba68c..a9a47a5c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/pytest.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pytest.yml
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os: ["ubuntu-latest", "windows-latest", "macos-latest"]
-        python: ["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13"]
+        python: ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
 
     name: "Python ${{ matrix.python }} / ${{ matrix.os }}"
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/typecheck.yml b/.github/workflows/typecheck.yml
index ae72354a..d01697f5 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/typecheck.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/typecheck.yml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
-          python-version: 3.9
+          python-version: "3.10"
 
       - run: |
           python3 -m pip install -U pip
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index fb27fd61..e6ba7b85 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 
 ## Unreleased
 
+### Changed
+
+- **Python Support**: Dropped Python 3.9 support, added Python 3.14 support. Now requires Python >=3.10, <3.15.
+
 ## [0.2.0] - 2025-12-26
 
 ### Added
diff --git a/graphqomb/command.py b/graphqomb/command.py
index 56ae7c90..f3603d14 100644
--- a/graphqomb/command.py
+++ b/graphqomb/command.py
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import dataclasses
-import sys
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from graphqomb.common import MeasBasis
@@ -117,7 +116,4 @@ def __str__(self) -> str:
         return "TICK"
 
 
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
-    Command = N | E | M | X | Z | TICK
-else:
-    Command = Union[N, E, M, X, Z, TICK]
+Command = N | E | M | X | Z | TICK
diff --git a/graphqomb/feedforward.py b/graphqomb/feedforward.py
index ce4ccd65..e1f558ef 100644
--- a/graphqomb/feedforward.py
+++ b/graphqomb/feedforward.py
@@ -11,22 +11,16 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-import sys
 from collections.abc import Iterable, Mapping
 from collections.abc import Set as AbstractSet
 from graphlib import TopologicalSorter
-from typing import Any
+from typing import Any, TypeGuard
 
 import typing_extensions
 
 from graphqomb.common import Axis, Plane, determine_pauli_axis
 from graphqomb.graphstate import BaseGraphState, odd_neighbors
 
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
-    from typing import TypeGuard
-else:
-    from typing_extensions import TypeGuard
-
 
 def _is_flow(flowlike: Mapping[int, Any]) -> TypeGuard[Mapping[int, int]]:
     r"""Check if the flowlike object is a flow.
diff --git a/graphqomb/gates.py b/graphqomb/gates.py
index db72c85c..9dc6b12a 100644
--- a/graphqomb/gates.py
+++ b/graphqomb/gates.py
@@ -31,10 +31,9 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import math
-import sys
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from dataclasses import dataclass
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, TypeAlias
 
 import numpy as np
 
@@ -224,7 +223,7 @@ def matrix(self) -> NDArray[np.complex128]:
 
         def count_ones_in_binary(array: NDArray[np.int64]) -> NDArray[np.int64]:
             def count_ones_single(x: np.int64) -> int:
-                return bin(int(x)).count("1")
+                return int(x).bit_count()
 
             count_ones = np.vectorize(count_ones_single)
             return np.asarray(count_ones(array), dtype=np.int64)
@@ -234,18 +233,8 @@ def count_ones_single(x: np.int64) -> int:
         return np.diag(np.exp(-1j * self.angle / 2 * z_sign))
 
 
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
-    from typing import TypeAlias
-
-    UnitGate: TypeAlias = J | CZ | PhaseGadget
-    """Unit gate type"""
-else:
-    from typing import Union
-
-    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
-
-    UnitGate: TypeAlias = Union[J, CZ, PhaseGadget]
-    """Unit gate type"""
+UnitGate: TypeAlias = J | CZ | PhaseGadget
+"""Unit gate type"""
 
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
diff --git a/graphqomb/pattern.py b/graphqomb/pattern.py
index cf98f766..f0a8d531 100644
--- a/graphqomb/pattern.py
+++ b/graphqomb/pattern.py
@@ -18,8 +18,7 @@
 from graphqomb.command import TICK, Command, E, M, N, X, Z
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from collections.abc import Iterator
-    from typing import Callable
+    from collections.abc import Callable, Iterator
 
     from graphqomb.pauli_frame import PauliFrame
 
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index f46be8ac..06a71eee 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ name = "graphqomb"
 version = "0.2.0"
 description = "A modular Graph State qompiler for measurement-based quantum computing."
 readme = "README.md"
-requires-python = ">=3.9, <3.14"
+requires-python = ">=3.10, <3.15"
 license = {text = "MIT"}
 authors = [
     {name = "Masato Fukushima", email = "masa1063fuk@gmail.com"},
@@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ classifiers = [
     "Intended Audience :: Developers",
     "License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.14",
     "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: Physics",
     "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: Quantum Computing",
     "Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules",
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ dev = { file = ["requirements-dev.txt"] }
 doc = { file = ["docs/requirements.txt"] }
 
 [tool.ruff]
-target-version = "py39"
+target-version = "py310"
 line-length = 120
 
 [tool.ruff.lint]
diff --git a/tests/test_circuit.py b/tests/test_circuit.py
index 87399628..b5252153 100644
--- a/tests/test_circuit.py
+++ b/tests/test_circuit.py
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ def test_circuit_instructions_matches_manual_expansion() -> None:
 
     assert len(instructions) == len(expected_instructions)
     # Compare each instruction
-    for inst, expected in zip(instructions, expected_instructions):
+    for inst, expected in zip(instructions, expected_instructions, strict=False):
         assert type(inst) is type(expected)
         if isinstance(inst, J) and isinstance(expected, J):
             assert inst.qubit == expected.qubit
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ def test_circuit_instructions_returns_copy() -> None:
     assert macro1 is not macro2
     # But with same contents
     assert len(macro1) == len(macro2)
-    for g1, g2 in zip(macro1, macro2):
+    for g1, g2 in zip(macro1, macro2, strict=False):
         assert type(g1) is type(g2)
 
 
diff --git a/tests/test_euler.py b/tests/test_euler.py
index fb361499..d5ced1a9 100644
--- a/tests/test_euler.py
+++ b/tests/test_euler.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 from graphqomb.matrix import is_unitary
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from typing import Callable
+    from collections.abc import Callable
 
 
 @pytest.fixture