). Fixed offset tzdata will be included
+ # if UTC offset is given in the input string.
+ if is_string(isodatetimestr) is False:
+ raise ValueError("Date time must be string.")
+
+ if delimiter not in isodatetimestr:
+ raise ISOFormatError(
+ 'Delimiter "{0}" is not in combined date time '
+ 'string "{1}".'.format(delimiter, isodatetimestr)
+ )
+
+ isodatestr, isotimestr = isodatetimestr.split(delimiter, 1)
+
+ datepart = parse_date(isodatestr, builder=TupleBuilder)
+
+ timepart = parse_time(isotimestr, builder=TupleBuilder)
+
+ return builder.build_datetime(datepart, timepart)
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/aniso8601/timezone.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/aniso8601/timezone.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3b66105bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/aniso8601/timezone.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# Copyright (c) 2021, Brandon Nielsen
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# This software may be modified and distributed under the terms
+# of the BSD license. See the LICENSE file for details.
+
+from aniso8601.builders.python import PythonTimeBuilder
+from aniso8601.compat import is_string
+from aniso8601.exceptions import ISOFormatError
+
+
+def parse_timezone(tzstr, builder=PythonTimeBuilder):
+ # tzstr can be Z, ±hh:mm, ±hhmm, ±hh
+ if is_string(tzstr) is False:
+ raise ValueError("Time zone must be string.")
+
+ if len(tzstr) == 1 and tzstr[0] == "Z":
+ return builder.build_timezone(negative=False, Z=True, name=tzstr)
+ elif len(tzstr) == 6:
+ # ±hh:mm
+ hourstr = tzstr[1:3]
+ minutestr = tzstr[4:6]
+
+ if tzstr[0] == "-" and hourstr == "00" and minutestr == "00":
+ raise ISOFormatError("Negative ISO 8601 time offset must not " "be 0.")
+ elif len(tzstr) == 5:
+ # ±hhmm
+ hourstr = tzstr[1:3]
+ minutestr = tzstr[3:5]
+
+ if tzstr[0] == "-" and hourstr == "00" and minutestr == "00":
+ raise ISOFormatError("Negative ISO 8601 time offset must not " "be 0.")
+ elif len(tzstr) == 3:
+ # ±hh
+ hourstr = tzstr[1:3]
+ minutestr = None
+
+ if tzstr[0] == "-" and hourstr == "00":
+ raise ISOFormatError("Negative ISO 8601 time offset must not " "be 0.")
+ else:
+ raise ISOFormatError('"{0}" is not a valid ISO 8601 time offset.'.format(tzstr))
+
+ for componentstr in [hourstr, minutestr]:
+ if componentstr is not None:
+ if componentstr.isdigit() is False:
+ raise ISOFormatError(
+ '"{0}" is not a valid ISO 8601 time offset.'.format(tzstr)
+ )
+
+ if tzstr[0] == "+":
+ return builder.build_timezone(
+ negative=False, hh=hourstr, mm=minutestr, name=tzstr
+ )
+
+ if tzstr[0] == "-":
+ return builder.build_timezone(
+ negative=True, hh=hourstr, mm=minutestr, name=tzstr
+ )
+
+ raise ISOFormatError('"{0}" is not a valid ISO 8601 time offset.'.format(tzstr))
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/aniso8601/utcoffset.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/aniso8601/utcoffset.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..11872a01e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/aniso8601/utcoffset.py
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# Copyright (c) 2021, Brandon Nielsen
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# This software may be modified and distributed under the terms
+# of the BSD license. See the LICENSE file for details.
+
+import datetime
+
+
+class UTCOffset(datetime.tzinfo):
+ def __init__(self, name=None, minutes=None):
+ # We build an offset in this manner since the
+ # tzinfo class must have an init
+ # "method that can be called with no arguments"
+ self._name = name
+
+ if minutes is not None:
+ self._utcdelta = datetime.timedelta(minutes=minutes)
+ else:
+ self._utcdelta = None
+
+ def __repr__(self):
+ if self._utcdelta >= datetime.timedelta(hours=0):
+ return "+{0} UTC".format(self._utcdelta)
+
+ # From the docs:
+ # String representations of timedelta objects are normalized
+ # similarly to their internal representation. This leads to
+ # somewhat unusual results for negative timedeltas.
+
+ # Clean this up for printing purposes
+ # Negative deltas start at -1 day
+ correcteddays = abs(self._utcdelta.days + 1)
+
+ # Negative deltas have a positive seconds
+ deltaseconds = (24 * 60 * 60) - self._utcdelta.seconds
+
+ # (24 hours / day) * (60 minutes / hour) * (60 seconds / hour)
+ days, remainder = divmod(deltaseconds, 24 * 60 * 60)
+
+ # (1 hour) * (60 minutes / hour) * (60 seconds / hour)
+ hours, remainder = divmod(remainder, 1 * 60 * 60)
+
+ # (1 minute) * (60 seconds / minute)
+ minutes, seconds = divmod(remainder, 1 * 60)
+
+ # Add any remaining days to the correcteddays count
+ correcteddays += days
+
+ if correcteddays == 0:
+ return "-{0}:{1:02}:{2:02} UTC".format(hours, minutes, seconds)
+ elif correcteddays == 1:
+ return "-1 day, {0}:{1:02}:{2:02} UTC".format(hours, minutes, seconds)
+
+ return "-{0} days, {1}:{2:02}:{3:02} UTC".format(
+ correcteddays, hours, minutes, seconds
+ )
+
+ def utcoffset(self, dt):
+ return self._utcdelta
+
+ def tzname(self, dt):
+ return self._name
+
+ def dst(self, dt):
+ # ISO 8601 specifies offsets should be different if DST is required,
+ # instead of allowing for a DST to be specified
+ # https://docs.python.org/2/library/datetime.html#datetime.tzinfo.dst
+ return datetime.timedelta(0)
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/INSTALLER b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a1b589e38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/LICENSE b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c2fda9a26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+This package contains a modified version of ca-bundle.crt:
+
+ca-bundle.crt -- Bundle of CA Root Certificates
+
+Certificate data from Mozilla as of: Thu Nov 3 19:04:19 2011#
+This is a bundle of X.509 certificates of public Certificate Authorities
+(CA). These were automatically extracted from Mozilla's root certificates
+file (certdata.txt). This file can be found in the mozilla source tree:
+http://mxr.mozilla.org/mozilla/source/security/nss/lib/ckfw/builtins/certdata.txt?raw=1#
+It contains the certificates in PEM format and therefore
+can be directly used with curl / libcurl / php_curl, or with
+an Apache+mod_ssl webserver for SSL client authentication.
+Just configure this file as the SSLCACertificateFile.#
+
+***** BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK *****
+This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License,
+v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file, You can obtain
+one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+
+***** END LICENSE BLOCK *****
+@(#) $RCSfile: certdata.txt,v $ $Revision: 1.80 $ $Date: 2011/11/03 15:11:58 $
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/METADATA b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..df1cc0e18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: certifi
+Version: 2021.5.30
+Summary: Python package for providing Mozilla's CA Bundle.
+Home-page: https://certifiio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+Author: Kenneth Reitz
+Author-email: me@kennethreitz.com
+License: MPL-2.0
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://certifiio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+Project-URL: Source, https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: Mozilla Public License 2.0 (MPL 2.0)
+Classifier: Natural Language :: English
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+
+Certifi: Python SSL Certificates
+================================
+
+`Certifi`_ provides Mozilla's carefully curated collection of Root Certificates for
+validating the trustworthiness of SSL certificates while verifying the identity
+of TLS hosts. It has been extracted from the `Requests`_ project.
+
+Installation
+------------
+
+``certifi`` is available on PyPI. Simply install it with ``pip``::
+
+ $ pip install certifi
+
+Usage
+-----
+
+To reference the installed certificate authority (CA) bundle, you can use the
+built-in function::
+
+ >>> import certifi
+
+ >>> certifi.where()
+ '/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/certifi/cacert.pem'
+
+Or from the command line::
+
+ $ python -m certifi
+ /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/certifi/cacert.pem
+
+Enjoy!
+
+1024-bit Root Certificates
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Browsers and certificate authorities have concluded that 1024-bit keys are
+unacceptably weak for certificates, particularly root certificates. For this
+reason, Mozilla has removed any weak (i.e. 1024-bit key) certificate from its
+bundle, replacing it with an equivalent strong (i.e. 2048-bit or greater key)
+certificate from the same CA. Because Mozilla removed these certificates from
+its bundle, ``certifi`` removed them as well.
+
+In previous versions, ``certifi`` provided the ``certifi.old_where()`` function
+to intentionally re-add the 1024-bit roots back into your bundle. This was not
+recommended in production and therefore was removed at the end of 2018.
+
+.. _`Certifi`: https://certifiio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+.. _`Requests`: https://requests.readthedocs.io/en/master/
+
+Addition/Removal of Certificates
+--------------------------------
+
+Certifi does not support any addition/removal or other modification of the
+CA trust store content. This project is intended to provide a reliable and
+highly portable root of trust to python deployments. Look to upstream projects
+for methods to use alternate trust.
+
+
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/RECORD b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f2d262191
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=vp2C82ES-Hp_HXTs1Ih-FGe7roh4qEAEoAEXseR1o-I,1049
+certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=RDzuah_IZxjVhKootR1Ha1BrDovPSA-xF-rcaD90PTo,2994
+certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/RECORD,,
+certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=ADKeyaGyKF5DwBNE0sRE5pvW-bSkFMJfBuhzZ3rceP4,110
+certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=KMu4vUCfsjLrkPbSNdgdekS-pVJzBAJFO__nI8NF6-U,8
+certifi/__init__.py,sha256=-b78tXibbl0qtgCzv9tc9v6ozwcNX915lT9Tf4a9lds,62
+certifi/__main__.py,sha256=xBBoj905TUWBLRGANOcf7oi6e-3dMP4cEoG9OyMs11g,243
+certifi/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-38.pyc,,
+certifi/__pycache__/__main__.cpython-38.pyc,,
+certifi/__pycache__/core.cpython-38.pyc,,
+certifi/cacert.pem,sha256=3i-hfE2K5o3CBKG2tYt6ehJWk2fP64o6Th83fHPoPp4,259465
+certifi/core.py,sha256=V0uyxKOYdz6ulDSusclrLmjbPgOXsD0BnEf0SQ7OnoE,2303
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/WHEEL b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6d38aa060
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.35.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py2-none-any
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/top_level.txt b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..963eac530
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi-2021.5.30.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+certifi
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/__init__.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eebdf8886
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from .core import contents, where
+
+__version__ = "2021.05.30"
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/__main__.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/__main__.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8945b5da8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/__main__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import argparse
+
+from certifi import contents, where
+
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+parser.add_argument("-c", "--contents", action="store_true")
+args = parser.parse_args()
+
+if args.contents:
+ print(contents())
+else:
+ print(where())
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-38.pyc b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-38.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..042c175bd
Binary files /dev/null and b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-38.pyc differ
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/__pycache__/__main__.cpython-38.pyc b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/__pycache__/__main__.cpython-38.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bb9d20bf2
Binary files /dev/null and b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/__pycache__/__main__.cpython-38.pyc differ
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/__pycache__/core.cpython-38.pyc b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/__pycache__/core.cpython-38.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2090a4d21
Binary files /dev/null and b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/__pycache__/core.cpython-38.pyc differ
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/cacert.pem b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/cacert.pem
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..96e2fc65a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/cacert.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,4257 @@
+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign Root CA O=GlobalSign nv-sa OU=Root CA
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign Root CA O=GlobalSign nv-sa OU=Root CA
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root CA"
+# Serial: 4835703278459707669005204
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 3e:45:52:15:09:51:92:e1:b7:5d:37:9f:b1:87:29:8a
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: b1:bc:96:8b:d4:f4:9d:62:2a:a8:9a:81:f2:15:01:52:a4:1d:82:9c
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: eb:d4:10:40:e4:bb:3e:c7:42:c9:e3:81:d3:1e:f2:a4:1a:48:b6:68:5c:96:e7:ce:f3:c1:df:6c:d4:33:1c:99
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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+9iFo7+ryUp9/k5DPAgMBAAGjQjBAMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBBjAPBgNVHRMBAf8E
+BTADAQH/MB0GA1UdDgQWBBRge2YaRQ2XyolQL30EzTSo//z9SzANBgkqhkiG9w0B
+AQUFAAOCAQEA1nPnfE920I2/7LqivjTFKDK1fPxsnCwrvQmeU79rXqoRSLblCKOz
+yj1hTdNGCbM+w6DjY1Ub8rrvrTnhQ7k4o+YviiY776BQVvnGCv04zcQLcFGUl5gE
+38NflNUVyRRBnMRddWQVDf9VMOyGj/8N7yy5Y0b2qvzfvGn9LhJIZJrglfCm7ymP
+AbEVtQwdpf5pLGkkeB6zpxxxYu7KyJesF12KwvhHhm4qxFYxldBniYUr+WymXUad
+DKqC5JlR3XC321Y9YeRq4VzW9v493kHMB65jUr9TU/Qr6cf9tveCX4XSQRjbgbME
+HMUfpIBvFSDJ3gyICh3WZlXi/EjJKSZp4A==
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R2
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R2
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root CA - R2"
+# Serial: 4835703278459682885658125
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 94:14:77:7e:3e:5e:fd:8f:30:bd:41:b0:cf:e7:d0:30
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 75:e0:ab:b6:13:85:12:27:1c:04:f8:5f:dd:de:38:e4:b7:24:2e:fe
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: ca:42:dd:41:74:5f:d0:b8:1e:b9:02:36:2c:f9:d8:bf:71:9d:a1:bd:1b:1e:fc:94:6f:5b:4c:99:f4:2c:1b:9e
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
+MIIDujCCAqKgAwIBAgILBAAAAAABD4Ym5g0wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQAwTDEgMB4G
+A1UECxMXR2xvYmFsU2lnbiBSb290IENBIC0gUjIxEzARBgNVBAoTCkdsb2JhbFNp
+Z24xEzARBgNVBAMTCkdsb2JhbFNpZ24wHhcNMDYxMjE1MDgwMDAwWhcNMjExMjE1
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+# Issuer: CN=Entrust.net Certification Authority (2048) O=Entrust.net OU=www.entrust.net/CPS_2048 incorp. by ref. (limits liab.)/(c) 1999 Entrust.net Limited
+# Subject: CN=Entrust.net Certification Authority (2048) O=Entrust.net OU=www.entrust.net/CPS_2048 incorp. by ref. (limits liab.)/(c) 1999 Entrust.net Limited
+# Label: "Entrust.net Premium 2048 Secure Server CA"
+# Serial: 946069240
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Baltimore CyberTrust Root O=Baltimore OU=CyberTrust
+# Subject: CN=Baltimore CyberTrust Root O=Baltimore OU=CyberTrust
+# Label: "Baltimore CyberTrust Root"
+# Serial: 33554617
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority O=Entrust, Inc. OU=www.entrust.net/CPS is incorporated by reference/(c) 2006 Entrust, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority O=Entrust, Inc. OU=www.entrust.net/CPS is incorporated by reference/(c) 2006 Entrust, Inc.
+# Label: "Entrust Root Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 1164660820
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=AAA Certificate Services O=Comodo CA Limited
+# Subject: CN=AAA Certificate Services O=Comodo CA Limited
+# Label: "Comodo AAA Services root"
+# Serial: 1
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 2 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Subject: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 2 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Label: "QuoVadis Root CA 2"
+# Serial: 1289
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 5e:39:7b:dd:f8:ba:ec:82:e9:ac:62:ba:0c:54:00:2b
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: ca:3a:fb:cf:12:40:36:4b:44:b2:16:20:88:80:48:39:19:93:7c:f7
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Subject: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Label: "QuoVadis Root CA 3"
+# Serial: 1478
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+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 1f:49:14:f7:d8:74:95:1d:dd:ae:02:c0:be:fd:3a:2d:82:75:51:85
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Subject: O=SECOM Trust.net OU=Security Communication RootCA1
+# Label: "Security Communication Root CA"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Subject: CN=XRamp Global Certification Authority O=XRamp Security Services Inc OU=www.xrampsecurity.com
+# Label: "XRamp Global CA Root"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Label: "Go Daddy Class 2 CA"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Label: "Starfield Class 2 CA"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Assured ID Root CA"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Global Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Global Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Global Root CA"
+# Serial: 10944719598952040374951832963794454346
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 79:e4:a9:84:0d:7d:3a:96:d7:c0:4f:e2:43:4c:89:2e
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA"
+# Serial: 3553400076410547919724730734378100087
+# MD5 Fingerprint: d4:74:de:57:5c:39:b2:d3:9c:85:83:c5:c0:65:49:8a
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 5f:b7:ee:06:33:e2:59:db:ad:0c:4c:9a:e6:d3:8f:1a:61:c7:dc:25
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DST Root CA X3 O=Digital Signature Trust Co.
+# Subject: CN=DST Root CA X3 O=Digital Signature Trust Co.
+# Label: "DST Root CA X3"
+# Serial: 91299735575339953335919266965803778155
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 41:03:52:dc:0f:f7:50:1b:16:f0:02:8e:ba:6f:45:c5
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SwissSign Gold CA - G2 O=SwissSign AG
+# Subject: CN=SwissSign Gold CA - G2 O=SwissSign AG
+# Label: "SwissSign Gold CA - G2"
+# Serial: 13492815561806991280
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 24:77:d9:a8:91:d1:3b:fa:88:2d:c2:ff:f8:cd:33:93
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: d8:c5:38:8a:b7:30:1b:1b:6e:d4:7a:e6:45:25:3a:6f:9f:1a:27:61
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SwissSign Silver CA - G2 O=SwissSign AG
+# Subject: CN=SwissSign Silver CA - G2 O=SwissSign AG
+# Label: "SwissSign Silver CA - G2"
+# Serial: 5700383053117599563
+# MD5 Fingerprint: e0:06:a1:c9:7d:cf:c9:fc:0d:c0:56:75:96:d8:62:13
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 9b:aa:e5:9f:56:ee:21:cb:43:5a:be:25:93:df:a7:f0:40:d1:1d:cb
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SecureTrust CA O=SecureTrust Corporation
+# Subject: CN=SecureTrust CA O=SecureTrust Corporation
+# Label: "SecureTrust CA"
+# Serial: 17199774589125277788362757014266862032
+# MD5 Fingerprint: dc:32:c3:a7:6d:25:57:c7:68:09:9d:ea:2d:a9:a2:d1
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 87:82:c6:c3:04:35:3b:cf:d2:96:92:d2:59:3e:7d:44:d9:34:ff:11
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Secure Global CA O=SecureTrust Corporation
+# Subject: CN=Secure Global CA O=SecureTrust Corporation
+# Label: "Secure Global CA"
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+# Issuer: CN=COMODO Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
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+# Label: "COMODO Certification Authority"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Network Solutions Certificate Authority O=Network Solutions L.L.C.
+# Subject: CN=Network Solutions Certificate Authority O=Network Solutions L.L.C.
+# Label: "Network Solutions Certificate Authority"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=COMODO ECC Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Subject: CN=COMODO ECC Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Label: "COMODO ECC Certification Authority"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Certigna O=Dhimyotis
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+# Label: "Certigna"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Cybertrust Global Root O=Cybertrust, Inc
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+# Label: "Cybertrust Global Root"
+# Serial: 4835703278459682877484360
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: O=Chunghwa Telecom Co., Ltd. OU=ePKI Root Certification Authority
+# Subject: O=Chunghwa Telecom Co., Ltd. OU=ePKI Root Certification Authority
+# Label: "ePKI Root Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 28956088682735189655030529057352760477
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 1b:2e:00:ca:26:06:90:3d:ad:fe:6f:15:68:d3:6b:b3
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 67:65:0d:f1:7e:8e:7e:5b:82:40:a4:f4:56:4b:cf:e2:3d:69:c6:f0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: O=certSIGN OU=certSIGN ROOT CA
+# Subject: O=certSIGN OU=certSIGN ROOT CA
+# Label: "certSIGN ROOT CA"
+# Serial: 35210227249154
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 18:98:c0:d6:e9:3a:fc:f9:b0:f5:0c:f7:4b:01:44:17
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: fa:b7:ee:36:97:26:62:fb:2d:b0:2a:f6:bf:03:fd:e8:7c:4b:2f:9b
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: ea:a9:62:c4:fa:4a:6b:af:eb:e4:15:19:6d:35:1c:cd:88:8d:4f:53:f3:fa:8a:e6:d7:c4:66:a9:4e:60:42:bb
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=NetLock Arany (Class Gold) F\u0151tan\xfas\xedtv\xe1ny O=NetLock Kft. OU=Tan\xfas\xedtv\xe1nykiad\xf3k (Certification Services)
+# Subject: CN=NetLock Arany (Class Gold) F\u0151tan\xfas\xedtv\xe1ny O=NetLock Kft. OU=Tan\xfas\xedtv\xe1nykiad\xf3k (Certification Services)
+# Label: "NetLock Arany (Class Gold) F\u0151tan\xfas\xedtv\xe1ny"
+# Serial: 80544274841616
+# MD5 Fingerprint: c5:a1:b7:ff:73:dd:d6:d7:34:32:18:df:fc:3c:ad:88
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 06:08:3f:59:3f:15:a1:04:a0:69:a4:6b:a9:03:d0:06:b7:97:09:91
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 6c:61:da:c3:a2:de:f0:31:50:6b:e0:36:d2:a6:fe:40:19:94:fb:d1:3d:f9:c8:d4:66:59:92:74:c4:46:ec:98
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Hongkong Post Root CA 1 O=Hongkong Post
+# Subject: CN=Hongkong Post Root CA 1 O=Hongkong Post
+# Label: "Hongkong Post Root CA 1"
+# Serial: 1000
+# MD5 Fingerprint: a8:0d:6f:39:78:b9:43:6d:77:42:6d:98:5a:cc:23:ca
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: d6:da:a8:20:8d:09:d2:15:4d:24:b5:2f:cb:34:6e:b2:58:b2:8a:58
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SecureSign RootCA11 O=Japan Certification Services, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=SecureSign RootCA11 O=Japan Certification Services, Inc.
+# Label: "SecureSign RootCA11"
+# Serial: 1
+# MD5 Fingerprint: b7:52:74:e2:92:b4:80:93:f2:75:e4:cc:d7:f2:ea:26
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 3b:c4:9f:48:f8:f3:73:a0:9c:1e:bd:f8:5b:b1:c3:65:c7:d8:11:b3
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Microsec e-Szigno Root CA 2009 O=Microsec Ltd.
+# Subject: CN=Microsec e-Szigno Root CA 2009 O=Microsec Ltd.
+# Label: "Microsec e-Szigno Root CA 2009"
+# Serial: 14014712776195784473
+# MD5 Fingerprint: f8:49:f4:03:bc:44:2d:83:be:48:69:7d:29:64:fc:b1
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 89:df:74:fe:5c:f4:0f:4a:80:f9:e3:37:7d:54:da:91:e1:01:31:8e
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 3c:5f:81:fe:a5:fa:b8:2c:64:bf:a2:ea:ec:af:cd:e8:e0:77:fc:86:20:a7:ca:e5:37:16:3d:f3:6e:db:f3:78
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R3
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+# Label: "GlobalSign Root CA - R3"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Autoridad de Certificacion Firmaprofesional CIF A62634068
+# Subject: CN=Autoridad de Certificacion Firmaprofesional CIF A62634068
+# Label: "Autoridad de Certificacion Firmaprofesional CIF A62634068"
+# Serial: 6047274297262753887
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Izenpe.com O=IZENPE S.A.
+# Subject: CN=Izenpe.com O=IZENPE S.A.
+# Label: "Izenpe.com"
+# Serial: 917563065490389241595536686991402621
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Go Daddy Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=GoDaddy.com, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Go Daddy Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=GoDaddy.com, Inc.
+# Label: "Go Daddy Root Certificate Authority - G2"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Starfield Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=Starfield Technologies, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Starfield Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=Starfield Technologies, Inc.
+# Label: "Starfield Root Certificate Authority - G2"
+# Serial: 0
+# MD5 Fingerprint: d6:39:81:c6:52:7e:96:69:fc:fc:ca:66:ed:05:f2:96
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: b5:1c:06:7c:ee:2b:0c:3d:f8:55:ab:2d:92:f4:fe:39:d4:e7:0f:0e
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Starfield Services Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=Starfield Technologies, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Starfield Services Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=Starfield Technologies, Inc.
+# Label: "Starfield Services Root Certificate Authority - G2"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=AffirmTrust Commercial O=AffirmTrust
+# Subject: CN=AffirmTrust Commercial O=AffirmTrust
+# Label: "AffirmTrust Commercial"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=AffirmTrust Networking O=AffirmTrust
+# Subject: CN=AffirmTrust Networking O=AffirmTrust
+# Label: "AffirmTrust Networking"
+# Serial: 8957382827206547757
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=AffirmTrust Premium O=AffirmTrust
+# Subject: CN=AffirmTrust Premium O=AffirmTrust
+# Label: "AffirmTrust Premium"
+# Serial: 7893706540734352110
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=AffirmTrust Premium ECC O=AffirmTrust
+# Subject: CN=AffirmTrust Premium ECC O=AffirmTrust
+# Label: "AffirmTrust Premium ECC"
+# Serial: 8401224907861490260
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Certum Trusted Network CA O=Unizeto Technologies S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Subject: CN=Certum Trusted Network CA O=Unizeto Technologies S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Label: "Certum Trusted Network CA"
+# Serial: 279744
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=TWCA Root Certification Authority O=TAIWAN-CA OU=Root CA
+# Subject: CN=TWCA Root Certification Authority O=TAIWAN-CA OU=Root CA
+# Label: "TWCA Root Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 1
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: O=SECOM Trust Systems CO.,LTD. OU=Security Communication RootCA2
+# Subject: O=SECOM Trust Systems CO.,LTD. OU=Security Communication RootCA2
+# Label: "Security Communication RootCA2"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Label: "EC-ACC"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions RootCA 2011 O=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions Cert. Authority
+# Subject: CN=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions RootCA 2011 O=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions Cert. Authority
+# Label: "Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions RootCA 2011"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Actalis Authentication Root CA O=Actalis S.p.A./03358520967
+# Subject: CN=Actalis Authentication Root CA O=Actalis S.p.A./03358520967
+# Label: "Actalis Authentication Root CA"
+# Serial: 6271844772424770508
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Buypass Class 2 Root CA O=Buypass AS-983163327
+# Subject: CN=Buypass Class 2 Root CA O=Buypass AS-983163327
+# Label: "Buypass Class 2 Root CA"
+# Serial: 2
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Buypass Class 3 Root CA O=Buypass AS-983163327
+# Subject: CN=Buypass Class 3 Root CA O=Buypass AS-983163327
+# Label: "Buypass Class 3 Root CA"
+# Serial: 2
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 3 O=T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH OU=T-Systems Trust Center
+# Subject: CN=T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 3 O=T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH OU=T-Systems Trust Center
+# Label: "T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 3"
+# Serial: 1
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 2009 O=D-Trust GmbH
+# Subject: CN=D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 2009 O=D-Trust GmbH
+# Label: "D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 2009"
+# Serial: 623603
+# MD5 Fingerprint: cd:e0:25:69:8d:47:ac:9c:89:35:90:f7:fd:51:3d:2f
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 EV 2009 O=D-Trust GmbH
+# Subject: CN=D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 EV 2009 O=D-Trust GmbH
+# Label: "D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 EV 2009"
+# Serial: 623604
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=CA Disig Root R2 O=Disig a.s.
+# Subject: CN=CA Disig Root R2 O=Disig a.s.
+# Label: "CA Disig Root R2"
+# Serial: 10572350602393338211
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 26:01:fb:d8:27:a7:17:9a:45:54:38:1a:43:01:3b:03
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: b5:61:eb:ea:a4:de:e4:25:4b:69:1a:98:a5:57:47:c2:34:c7:d9:71
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=ACCVRAIZ1 O=ACCV OU=PKIACCV
+# Subject: CN=ACCVRAIZ1 O=ACCV OU=PKIACCV
+# Label: "ACCVRAIZ1"
+# Serial: 6828503384748696800
+# MD5 Fingerprint: d0:a0:5a:ee:05:b6:09:94:21:a1:7d:f1:b2:29:82:02
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 93:05:7a:88:15:c6:4f:ce:88:2f:fa:91:16:52:28:78:bc:53:64:17
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 9a:6e:c0:12:e1:a7:da:9d:be:34:19:4d:47:8a:d7:c0:db:18:22:fb:07:1d:f1:29:81:49:6e:d1:04:38:41:13
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=TWCA Global Root CA O=TAIWAN-CA OU=Root CA
+# Subject: CN=TWCA Global Root CA O=TAIWAN-CA OU=Root CA
+# Label: "TWCA Global Root CA"
+# Serial: 3262
+# MD5 Fingerprint: f9:03:7e:cf:e6:9e:3c:73:7a:2a:90:07:69:ff:2b:96
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 9c:bb:48:53:f6:a4:f6:d3:52:a4:e8:32:52:55:60:13:f5:ad:af:65
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 59:76:90:07:f7:68:5d:0f:cd:50:87:2f:9f:95:d5:75:5a:5b:2b:45:7d:81:f3:69:2b:61:0a:98:67:2f:0e:1b
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=TeliaSonera Root CA v1 O=TeliaSonera
+# Subject: CN=TeliaSonera Root CA v1 O=TeliaSonera
+# Label: "TeliaSonera Root CA v1"
+# Serial: 199041966741090107964904287217786801558
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 37:41:49:1b:18:56:9a:26:f5:ad:c2:66:fb:40:a5:4c
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 43:13:bb:96:f1:d5:86:9b:c1:4e:6a:92:f6:cf:f6:34:69:87:82:37
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: dd:69:36:fe:21:f8:f0:77:c1:23:a1:a5:21:c1:22:24:f7:22:55:b7:3e:03:a7:26:06:93:e8:a2:4b:0f:a3:89
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=E-Tugra Certification Authority O=E-Tu\u011fra EBG Bili\u015fim Teknolojileri ve Hizmetleri A.\u015e. OU=E-Tugra Sertifikasyon Merkezi
+# Subject: CN=E-Tugra Certification Authority O=E-Tu\u011fra EBG Bili\u015fim Teknolojileri ve Hizmetleri A.\u015e. OU=E-Tugra Sertifikasyon Merkezi
+# Label: "E-Tugra Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 7667447206703254355
+# MD5 Fingerprint: b8:a1:03:63:b0:bd:21:71:70:8a:6f:13:3a:bb:79:49
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 51:c6:e7:08:49:06:6e:f3:92:d4:5c:a0:0d:6d:a3:62:8f:c3:52:39
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: b0:bf:d5:2b:b0:d7:d9:bd:92:bf:5d:4d:c1:3d:a2:55:c0:2c:54:2f:37:83:65:ea:89:39:11:f5:5e:55:f2:3c
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 2 O=T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH OU=T-Systems Trust Center
+# Subject: CN=T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 2 O=T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH OU=T-Systems Trust Center
+# Label: "T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 2"
+# Serial: 1
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 2b:9b:9e:e4:7b:6c:1f:00:72:1a:cc:c1:77:79:df:6a
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 59:0d:2d:7d:88:4f:40:2e:61:7e:a5:62:32:17:65:cf:17:d8:94:e9
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 91:e2:f5:78:8d:58:10:eb:a7:ba:58:73:7d:e1:54:8a:8e:ca:cd:01:45:98:bc:0b:14:3e:04:1b:17:05:25:52
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Atos TrustedRoot 2011 O=Atos
+# Subject: CN=Atos TrustedRoot 2011 O=Atos
+# Label: "Atos TrustedRoot 2011"
+# Serial: 6643877497813316402
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 1 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Subject: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 1 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Label: "QuoVadis Root CA 1 G3"
+# Serial: 687049649626669250736271037606554624078720034195
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 2 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Subject: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 2 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Label: "QuoVadis Root CA 2 G3"
+# Serial: 390156079458959257446133169266079962026824725800
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 3 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Subject: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 3 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Label: "QuoVadis Root CA 3 G3"
+# Serial: 268090761170461462463995952157327242137089239581
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root G2 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root G2 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Assured ID Root G2"
+# Serial: 15385348160840213938643033620894905419
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 92:38:b9:f8:63:24:82:65:2c:57:33:e6:fe:81:8f:9d
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root G3 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root G3 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Assured ID Root G3"
+# Serial: 15459312981008553731928384953135426796
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 7c:7f:65:31:0c:81:df:8d:ba:3e:99:e2:5c:ad:6e:fb
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Global Root G2 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Global Root G2 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Global Root G2"
+# Serial: 4293743540046975378534879503202253541
+# MD5 Fingerprint: e4:a6:8a:c8:54:ac:52:42:46:0a:fd:72:48:1b:2a:44
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Global Root G3 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Global Root G3 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Global Root G3"
+# Serial: 7089244469030293291760083333884364146
+# MD5 Fingerprint: f5:5d:a4:50:a5:fb:28:7e:1e:0f:0d:cc:96:57:56:ca
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Trusted Root G4 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Trusted Root G4 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Trusted Root G4"
+# Serial: 7451500558977370777930084869016614236
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 78:f2:fc:aa:60:1f:2f:b4:eb:c9:37:ba:53:2e:75:49
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=COMODO RSA Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Subject: CN=COMODO RSA Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Label: "COMODO RSA Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 101909084537582093308941363524873193117
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 1b:31:b0:71:40:36:cc:14:36:91:ad:c4:3e:fd:ec:18
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: af:e5:d2:44:a8:d1:19:42:30:ff:47:9f:e2:f8:97:bb:cd:7a:8c:b4
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=USERTrust RSA Certification Authority O=The USERTRUST Network
+# Subject: CN=USERTrust RSA Certification Authority O=The USERTRUST Network
+# Label: "USERTrust RSA Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 2645093764781058787591871645665788717
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 1b:fe:69:d1:91:b7:19:33:a3:72:a8:0f:e1:55:e5:b5
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 2b:8f:1b:57:33:0d:bb:a2:d0:7a:6c:51:f7:0e:e9:0d:da:b9:ad:8e
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=USERTrust ECC Certification Authority O=The USERTRUST Network
+# Subject: CN=USERTrust ECC Certification Authority O=The USERTRUST Network
+# Label: "USERTrust ECC Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 123013823720199481456569720443997572134
+# MD5 Fingerprint: fa:68:bc:d9:b5:7f:ad:fd:c9:1d:06:83:28:cc:24:c1
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R4
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R4
+# Label: "GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R4"
+# Serial: 14367148294922964480859022125800977897474
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R5
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R5
+# Label: "GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R5"
+# Serial: 32785792099990507226680698011560947931244
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 9f:ad:3b:1c:02:1e:8a:ba:17:74:38:81:0c:a2:bc:08
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Staat der Nederlanden EV Root CA O=Staat der Nederlanden
+# Subject: CN=Staat der Nederlanden EV Root CA O=Staat der Nederlanden
+# Label: "Staat der Nederlanden EV Root CA"
+# Serial: 10000013
+# MD5 Fingerprint: fc:06:af:7b:e8:1a:f1:9a:b4:e8:d2:70:1f:c0:f5:ba
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=IdenTrust Commercial Root CA 1 O=IdenTrust
+# Subject: CN=IdenTrust Commercial Root CA 1 O=IdenTrust
+# Label: "IdenTrust Commercial Root CA 1"
+# Serial: 13298821034946342390520003877796839426
+# MD5 Fingerprint: b3:3e:77:73:75:ee:a0:d3:e3:7e:49:63:49:59:bb:c7
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=IdenTrust Public Sector Root CA 1 O=IdenTrust
+# Subject: CN=IdenTrust Public Sector Root CA 1 O=IdenTrust
+# Label: "IdenTrust Public Sector Root CA 1"
+# Serial: 13298821034946342390521976156843933698
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G2 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2009 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Subject: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G2 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2009 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Label: "Entrust Root Certification Authority - G2"
+# Serial: 1246989352
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - EC1 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2012 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Subject: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - EC1 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2012 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Label: "Entrust Root Certification Authority - EC1"
+# Serial: 51543124481930649114116133369
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=CFCA EV ROOT O=China Financial Certification Authority
+# Subject: CN=CFCA EV ROOT O=China Financial Certification Authority
+# Label: "CFCA EV ROOT"
+# Serial: 407555286
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=OISTE WISeKey Global Root GB CA O=WISeKey OU=OISTE Foundation Endorsed
+# Subject: CN=OISTE WISeKey Global Root GB CA O=WISeKey OU=OISTE Foundation Endorsed
+# Label: "OISTE WISeKey Global Root GB CA"
+# Serial: 157768595616588414422159278966750757568
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=SZAFIR ROOT CA2 O=Krajowa Izba Rozliczeniowa S.A.
+# Subject: CN=SZAFIR ROOT CA2 O=Krajowa Izba Rozliczeniowa S.A.
+# Label: "SZAFIR ROOT CA2"
+# Serial: 357043034767186914217277344587386743377558296292
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 11:64:c1:89:b0:24:b1:8c:b1:07:7e:89:9e:51:9e:99
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Certum Trusted Network CA 2 O=Unizeto Technologies S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Subject: CN=Certum Trusted Network CA 2 O=Unizeto Technologies S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Label: "Certum Trusted Network CA 2"
+# Serial: 44979900017204383099463764357512596969
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+# Label: "Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions ECC RootCA 2015"
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Amazon Root CA 1 O=Amazon
+# Subject: CN=Amazon Root CA 1 O=Amazon
+# Label: "Amazon Root CA 1"
+# Serial: 143266978916655856878034712317230054538369994
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 43:c6:bf:ae:ec:fe:ad:2f:18:c6:88:68:30:fc:c8:e6
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 8d:a7:f9:65:ec:5e:fc:37:91:0f:1c:6e:59:fd:c1:cc:6a:6e:de:16
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Amazon Root CA 2 O=Amazon
+# Subject: CN=Amazon Root CA 2 O=Amazon
+# Label: "Amazon Root CA 2"
+# Serial: 143266982885963551818349160658925006970653239
+# MD5 Fingerprint: c8:e5:8d:ce:a8:42:e2:7a:c0:2a:5c:7c:9e:26:bf:66
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Amazon Root CA 3 O=Amazon
+# Subject: CN=Amazon Root CA 3 O=Amazon
+# Label: "Amazon Root CA 3"
+# Serial: 143266986699090766294700635381230934788665930
+# MD5 Fingerprint: a0:d4:ef:0b:f7:b5:d8:49:95:2a:ec:f5:c4:fc:81:87
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 0d:44:dd:8c:3c:8c:1a:1a:58:75:64:81:e9:0f:2e:2a:ff:b3:d2:6e
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 18:ce:6c:fe:7b:f1:4e:60:b2:e3:47:b8:df:e8:68:cb:31:d0:2e:bb:3a:da:27:15:69:f5:03:43:b4:6d:b3:a4
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Amazon Root CA 4 O=Amazon
+# Subject: CN=Amazon Root CA 4 O=Amazon
+# Label: "Amazon Root CA 4"
+# Serial: 143266989758080763974105200630763877849284878
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 89:bc:27:d5:eb:17:8d:06:6a:69:d5:fd:89:47:b4:cd
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: f6:10:84:07:d6:f8:bb:67:98:0c:c2:e2:44:c2:eb:ae:1c:ef:63:be
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: e3:5d:28:41:9e:d0:20:25:cf:a6:90:38:cd:62:39:62:45:8d:a5:c6:95:fb:de:a3:c2:2b:0b:fb:25:89:70:92
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=TUBITAK Kamu SM SSL Kok Sertifikasi - Surum 1 O=Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu - TUBITAK OU=Kamu Sertifikasyon Merkezi - Kamu SM
+# Subject: CN=TUBITAK Kamu SM SSL Kok Sertifikasi - Surum 1 O=Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu - TUBITAK OU=Kamu Sertifikasyon Merkezi - Kamu SM
+# Label: "TUBITAK Kamu SM SSL Kok Sertifikasi - Surum 1"
+# Serial: 1
+# MD5 Fingerprint: dc:00:81:dc:69:2f:3e:2f:b0:3b:f6:3d:5a:91:8e:49
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GDCA TrustAUTH R5 ROOT O=GUANG DONG CERTIFICATE AUTHORITY CO.,LTD.
+# Subject: CN=GDCA TrustAUTH R5 ROOT O=GUANG DONG CERTIFICATE AUTHORITY CO.,LTD.
+# Label: "GDCA TrustAUTH R5 ROOT"
+# Serial: 9009899650740120186
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 63:cc:d9:3d:34:35:5c:6f:53:a3:e2:08:70:48:1f:b4
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 0f:36:38:5b:81:1a:25:c3:9b:31:4e:83:ca:e9:34:66:70:cc:74:b4
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=TrustCor RootCert CA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Subject: CN=TrustCor RootCert CA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Label: "TrustCor RootCert CA-1"
+# Serial: 15752444095811006489
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 6e:85:f1:dc:1a:00:d3:22:d5:b2:b2:ac:6b:37:05:45
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: ff:bd:cd:e7:82:c8:43:5e:3c:6f:26:86:5c:ca:a8:3a:45:5b:c3:0a
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=TrustCor RootCert CA-2 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Subject: CN=TrustCor RootCert CA-2 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Label: "TrustCor RootCert CA-2"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=TrustCor ECA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Subject: CN=TrustCor ECA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Label: "TrustCor ECA-1"
+# Serial: 9548242946988625984
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SSL.com Root Certification Authority RSA O=SSL Corporation
+# Subject: CN=SSL.com Root Certification Authority RSA O=SSL Corporation
+# Label: "SSL.com Root Certification Authority RSA"
+# Serial: 8875640296558310041
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 86:69:12:c0:70:f1:ec:ac:ac:c2:d5:bc:a5:5b:a1:29
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: b7:ab:33:08:d1:ea:44:77:ba:14:80:12:5a:6f:bd:a9:36:49:0c:bb
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SSL.com Root Certification Authority ECC O=SSL Corporation
+# Subject: CN=SSL.com Root Certification Authority ECC O=SSL Corporation
+# Label: "SSL.com Root Certification Authority ECC"
+# Serial: 8495723813297216424
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 2e:da:e4:39:7f:9c:8f:37:d1:70:9f:26:17:51:3a:8e
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: c3:19:7c:39:24:e6:54:af:1b:c4:ab:20:95:7a:e2:c3:0e:13:02:6a
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority RSA R2 O=SSL Corporation
+# Subject: CN=SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority RSA R2 O=SSL Corporation
+# Label: "SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority RSA R2"
+# Serial: 6248227494352943350
+# MD5 Fingerprint: e1:1e:31:58:1a:ae:54:53:02:f6:17:6a:11:7b:4d:95
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 74:3a:f0:52:9b:d0:32:a0:f4:4a:83:cd:d4:ba:a9:7b:7c:2e:c4:9a
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority ECC O=SSL Corporation
+# Subject: CN=SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority ECC O=SSL Corporation
+# Label: "SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority ECC"
+# Serial: 3182246526754555285
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 59:53:22:65:83:42:01:54:c0:ce:42:b9:5a:7c:f2:90
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R6
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R6
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root CA - R6"
+# Serial: 1417766617973444989252670301619537
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=OISTE WISeKey Global Root GC CA O=WISeKey OU=OISTE Foundation Endorsed
+# Subject: CN=OISTE WISeKey Global Root GC CA O=WISeKey OU=OISTE Foundation Endorsed
+# Label: "OISTE WISeKey Global Root GC CA"
+# Serial: 44084345621038548146064804565436152554
+# MD5 Fingerprint: a9:d6:b9:2d:2f:93:64:f8:a5:69:ca:91:e9:68:07:23
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=GTS Root R1 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Subject: CN=GTS Root R1 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Label: "GTS Root R1"
+# Serial: 146587175971765017618439757810265552097
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=GTS Root R2 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Subject: CN=GTS Root R2 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Label: "GTS Root R2"
+# Serial: 146587176055767053814479386953112547951
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=GTS Root R3 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Subject: CN=GTS Root R3 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Label: "GTS Root R3"
+# Serial: 146587176140553309517047991083707763997
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=GTS Root R4 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Subject: CN=GTS Root R4 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Label: "GTS Root R4"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=UCA Global G2 Root O=UniTrust
+# Subject: CN=UCA Global G2 Root O=UniTrust
+# Label: "UCA Global G2 Root"
+# Serial: 124779693093741543919145257850076631279
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=UCA Extended Validation Root O=UniTrust
+# Subject: CN=UCA Extended Validation Root O=UniTrust
+# Label: "UCA Extended Validation Root"
+# Serial: 106100277556486529736699587978573607008
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Certigna Root CA O=Dhimyotis OU=0002 48146308100036
+# Subject: CN=Certigna Root CA O=Dhimyotis OU=0002 48146308100036
+# Label: "Certigna Root CA"
+# Serial: 269714418870597844693661054334862075617
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=emSign Root CA - G1 O=eMudhra Technologies Limited OU=emSign PKI
+# Subject: CN=emSign Root CA - G1 O=eMudhra Technologies Limited OU=emSign PKI
+# Label: "emSign Root CA - G1"
+# Serial: 235931866688319308814040
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 9c:42:84:57:dd:cb:0b:a7:2e:95:ad:b6:f3:da:bc:ac
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Subject: CN=emSign ECC Root CA - G3 O=eMudhra Technologies Limited OU=emSign PKI
+# Label: "emSign ECC Root CA - G3"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Subject: CN=emSign Root CA - C1 O=eMudhra Inc OU=emSign PKI
+# Label: "emSign Root CA - C1"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=emSign ECC Root CA - C3 O=eMudhra Inc OU=emSign PKI
+# Subject: CN=emSign ECC Root CA - C3 O=eMudhra Inc OU=emSign PKI
+# Label: "emSign ECC Root CA - C3"
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+# Issuer: CN=Hongkong Post Root CA 3 O=Hongkong Post
+# Subject: CN=Hongkong Post Root CA 3 O=Hongkong Post
+# Label: "Hongkong Post Root CA 3"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G4 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2015 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Subject: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G4 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2015 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Label: "Entrust Root Certification Authority - G4"
+# Serial: 289383649854506086828220374796556676440
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Microsoft ECC Root Certificate Authority 2017 O=Microsoft Corporation
+# Subject: CN=Microsoft ECC Root Certificate Authority 2017 O=Microsoft Corporation
+# Label: "Microsoft ECC Root Certificate Authority 2017"
+# Serial: 136839042543790627607696632466672567020
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Microsoft RSA Root Certificate Authority 2017 O=Microsoft Corporation
+# Subject: CN=Microsoft RSA Root Certificate Authority 2017 O=Microsoft Corporation
+# Label: "Microsoft RSA Root Certificate Authority 2017"
+# Serial: 40975477897264996090493496164228220339
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 10:ff:00:ff:cf:c9:f8:c7:7a:c0:ee:35:8e:c9:0f:47
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=e-Szigno Root CA 2017 O=Microsec Ltd.
+# Subject: CN=e-Szigno Root CA 2017 O=Microsec Ltd.
+# Label: "e-Szigno Root CA 2017"
+# Serial: 411379200276854331539784714
+# MD5 Fingerprint: de:1f:f6:9e:84:ae:a7:b4:21:ce:1e:58:7d:d1:84:98
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 89:d4:83:03:4f:9e:9a:48:80:5f:72:37:d4:a9:a6:ef:cb:7c:1f:d1
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: O=CERTSIGN SA OU=certSIGN ROOT CA G2
+# Subject: O=CERTSIGN SA OU=certSIGN ROOT CA G2
+# Label: "certSIGN Root CA G2"
+# Serial: 313609486401300475190
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Trustwave Global Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Trustwave Global Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Label: "Trustwave Global Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 1846098327275375458322922162
+# MD5 Fingerprint: f8:1c:18:2d:2f:ba:5f:6d:a1:6c:bc:c7:ab:91:c7:0e
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Trustwave Global ECC P256 Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Trustwave Global ECC P256 Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Label: "Trustwave Global ECC P256 Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 4151900041497450638097112925
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 5b:44:e3:8d:5d:36:86:26:e8:0d:05:d2:59:a7:83:54
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: b4:90:82:dd:45:0c:be:8b:5b:b1:66:d3:e2:a4:08:26:cd:ed:42:cf
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Trustwave Global ECC P384 Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Trustwave Global ECC P384 Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Label: "Trustwave Global ECC P384 Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 2704997926503831671788816187
+# MD5 Fingerprint: ea:cf:60:c4:3b:b9:15:29:40:a1:97:ed:78:27:93:d6
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=NAVER Global Root Certification Authority O=NAVER BUSINESS PLATFORM Corp.
+# Subject: CN=NAVER Global Root Certification Authority O=NAVER BUSINESS PLATFORM Corp.
+# Label: "NAVER Global Root Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 9013692873798656336226253319739695165984492813
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=AC RAIZ FNMT-RCM SERVIDORES SEGUROS O=FNMT-RCM OU=Ceres
+# Subject: CN=AC RAIZ FNMT-RCM SERVIDORES SEGUROS O=FNMT-RCM OU=Ceres
+# Label: "AC RAIZ FNMT-RCM SERVIDORES SEGUROS"
+# Serial: 131542671362353147877283741781055151509
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign Root R46 O=GlobalSign nv-sa
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign Root R46 O=GlobalSign nv-sa
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root R46"
+# Serial: 1552617688466950547958867513931858518042577
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign Root E46 O=GlobalSign nv-sa
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign Root E46 O=GlobalSign nv-sa
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root E46"
+# Serial: 1552617690338932563915843282459653771421763
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GLOBALTRUST 2020 O=e-commerce monitoring GmbH
+# Subject: CN=GLOBALTRUST 2020 O=e-commerce monitoring GmbH
+# Label: "GLOBALTRUST 2020"
+# Serial: 109160994242082918454945253
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 8a:c7:6f:cb:6d:e3:cc:a2:f1:7c:83:fa:0e:78:d7:e8
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=ANF Secure Server Root CA O=ANF Autoridad de Certificacion OU=ANF CA Raiz
+# Subject: CN=ANF Secure Server Root CA O=ANF Autoridad de Certificacion OU=ANF CA Raiz
+# Label: "ANF Secure Server Root CA"
+# Serial: 996390341000653745
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 26:a6:44:5a:d9:af:4e:2f:b2:1d:b6:65:b0:4e:e8:96
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 5b:6e:68:d0:cc:15:b6:a0:5f:1e:c1:5f:ae:02:fc:6b:2f:5d:6f:74
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Certum EC-384 CA O=Asseco Data Systems S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Subject: CN=Certum EC-384 CA O=Asseco Data Systems S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Label: "Certum EC-384 CA"
+# Serial: 160250656287871593594747141429395092468
+# MD5 Fingerprint: b6:65:b3:96:60:97:12:a1:ec:4e:e1:3d:a3:c6:c9:f1
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: f3:3e:78:3c:ac:df:f4:a2:cc:ac:67:55:69:56:d7:e5:16:3c:e1:ed
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Certum Trusted Root CA O=Asseco Data Systems S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Subject: CN=Certum Trusted Root CA O=Asseco Data Systems S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Label: "Certum Trusted Root CA"
+# Serial: 40870380103424195783807378461123655149
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 51:e1:c2:e7:fe:4c:84:af:59:0e:2f:f4:54:6f:ea:29
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/core.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/core.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5d2b8cd32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/certifi/core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+certifi.py
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module returns the installation location of cacert.pem or its contents.
+"""
+import os
+
+try:
+ from importlib.resources import path as get_path, read_text
+
+ _CACERT_CTX = None
+ _CACERT_PATH = None
+
+ def where():
+ # This is slightly terrible, but we want to delay extracting the file
+ # in cases where we're inside of a zipimport situation until someone
+ # actually calls where(), but we don't want to re-extract the file
+ # on every call of where(), so we'll do it once then store it in a
+ # global variable.
+ global _CACERT_CTX
+ global _CACERT_PATH
+ if _CACERT_PATH is None:
+ # This is slightly janky, the importlib.resources API wants you to
+ # manage the cleanup of this file, so it doesn't actually return a
+ # path, it returns a context manager that will give you the path
+ # when you enter it and will do any cleanup when you leave it. In
+ # the common case of not needing a temporary file, it will just
+ # return the file system location and the __exit__() is a no-op.
+ #
+ # We also have to hold onto the actual context manager, because
+ # it will do the cleanup whenever it gets garbage collected, so
+ # we will also store that at the global level as well.
+ _CACERT_CTX = get_path("certifi", "cacert.pem")
+ _CACERT_PATH = str(_CACERT_CTX.__enter__())
+
+ return _CACERT_PATH
+
+
+except ImportError:
+ # This fallback will work for Python versions prior to 3.7 that lack the
+ # importlib.resources module but relies on the existing `where` function
+ # so won't address issues with environments like PyOxidizer that don't set
+ # __file__ on modules.
+ def read_text(_module, _path, encoding="ascii"):
+ with open(where(), "r", encoding=encoding) as data:
+ return data.read()
+
+ # If we don't have importlib.resources, then we will just do the old logic
+ # of assuming we're on the filesystem and munge the path directly.
+ def where():
+ f = os.path.dirname(__file__)
+
+ return os.path.join(f, "cacert.pem")
+
+
+def contents():
+ return read_text("certifi", "cacert.pem", encoding="ascii")
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/INSTALLER b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a1b589e38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/LICENSE b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ad82355b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2019 TAHRI Ahmed R.
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/METADATA b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..94cc938c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: charset-normalizer
+Version: 2.0.6
+Summary: The Real First Universal Charset Detector. Open, modern and actively maintained alternative to Chardet.
+Home-page: https://github.com/ousret/charset_normalizer
+Author: Ahmed TAHRI @Ousret
+Author-email: ahmed.tahri@cloudnursery.dev
+License: MIT
+Project-URL: Bug Reports, https://github.com/Ousret/charset_normalizer/issues
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://charset-normalizer.readthedocs.io/en/latest
+Keywords: encoding,i18n,txt,text,charset,charset-detector,normalization,unicode,chardet
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Topic :: Text Processing :: Linguistic
+Classifier: Topic :: Utilities
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Classifier: Typing :: Typed
+Requires-Python: >=3.5.0
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+License-File: LICENSE
+Provides-Extra: unicode_backport
+Requires-Dist: unicodedata2 ; extra == 'unicode_backport'
+
+
+Charset Detection, for Everyone 👋
+
+
+ The Real First Universal Charset Detector
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+> A library that helps you read text from an unknown charset encoding. Motivated by `chardet`,
+> I'm trying to resolve the issue by taking a new approach.
+> All IANA character set names for which the Python core library provides codecs are supported.
+
+
+ >>>>> 👉 Try Me Online Now, Then Adopt Me 👈 <<<<<
+
+
+This project offers you an alternative to **Universal Charset Encoding Detector**, also known as **Chardet**.
+
+| Feature | [Chardet](https://github.com/chardet/chardet) | Charset Normalizer | [cChardet](https://github.com/PyYoshi/cChardet) |
+| ------------- | :-------------: | :------------------: | :------------------: |
+| `Fast` | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ |
+| `Universal**` | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ |
+| `Reliable` **without** distinguishable standards | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ |
+| `Reliable` **with** distinguishable standards | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
+| `Free & Open` | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
+| `License` | LGPL-2.1 | MIT | MPL-1.1
+| `Native Python` | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
+| `Detect spoken language` | ❌ | ✅ | N/A |
+| `Supported Encoding` | 30 | :tada: [93](https://charset-normalizer.readthedocs.io/en/latest/support.html) | 40
+
+
+
+
+*\*\* : They are clearly using specific code for a specific encoding even if covering most of used one*
+
+## ⭐ Your support
+
+*Fork, test-it, star-it, submit your ideas! We do listen.*
+
+## ⚡ Performance
+
+This package offer better performance than its counterpart Chardet. Here are some numbers.
+
+| Package | Accuracy | Mean per file (ns) | File per sec (est) |
+| ------------- | :-------------: | :------------------: | :------------------: |
+| [chardet](https://github.com/chardet/chardet) | 92.0 % | 220 ms | 5 file/sec |
+| charset-normalizer | **97.0 %** | **40 ms** | 25 file/sec |
+
+| Package | 99th percentile | 95th percentile | 50th percentile |
+| ------------- | :-------------: | :------------------: | :------------------: |
+| [chardet](https://github.com/chardet/chardet) | 888 ms | 300 ms | 27 ms |
+| charset-normalizer | 430 ms | 220 ms | 18 ms |
+
+Chardet's performance on larger file (1MB+) are very poor. Expect huge difference on large payload.
+
+> Stats are generated using 400+ files using default parameters. More details on used files, see GHA workflows.
+> And yes, these results might change at any time. The dataset can be updated to include more files.
+
+[cchardet](https://github.com/PyYoshi/cChardet) is a non-native (cpp binding) faster alternative. If speed is the most important factor,
+you should try it.
+
+## ✨ Installation
+
+Using PyPi for latest stable
+```sh
+pip install charset-normalizer -U
+```
+
+If you want a more up-to-date `unicodedata` than the one available in your Python setup.
+```sh
+pip install charset-normalizer[unicode_backport] -U
+```
+
+## 🚀 Basic Usage
+
+### CLI
+This package comes with a CLI.
+
+```
+usage: normalizer [-h] [-v] [-a] [-n] [-m] [-r] [-f] [-t THRESHOLD]
+ file [file ...]
+
+The Real First Universal Charset Detector. Discover originating encoding used
+on text file. Normalize text to unicode.
+
+positional arguments:
+ files File(s) to be analysed
+
+optional arguments:
+ -h, --help show this help message and exit
+ -v, --verbose Display complementary information about file if any.
+ Stdout will contain logs about the detection process.
+ -a, --with-alternative
+ Output complementary possibilities if any. Top-level
+ JSON WILL be a list.
+ -n, --normalize Permit to normalize input file. If not set, program
+ does not write anything.
+ -m, --minimal Only output the charset detected to STDOUT. Disabling
+ JSON output.
+ -r, --replace Replace file when trying to normalize it instead of
+ creating a new one.
+ -f, --force Replace file without asking if you are sure, use this
+ flag with caution.
+ -t THRESHOLD, --threshold THRESHOLD
+ Define a custom maximum amount of chaos allowed in
+ decoded content. 0. <= chaos <= 1.
+ --version Show version information and exit.
+```
+
+```bash
+normalizer ./data/sample.1.fr.srt
+```
+
+:tada: Since version 1.4.0 the CLI produce easily usable stdout result in JSON format.
+
+```json
+{
+ "path": "/home/default/projects/charset_normalizer/data/sample.1.fr.srt",
+ "encoding": "cp1252",
+ "encoding_aliases": [
+ "1252",
+ "windows_1252"
+ ],
+ "alternative_encodings": [
+ "cp1254",
+ "cp1256",
+ "cp1258",
+ "iso8859_14",
+ "iso8859_15",
+ "iso8859_16",
+ "iso8859_3",
+ "iso8859_9",
+ "latin_1",
+ "mbcs"
+ ],
+ "language": "French",
+ "alphabets": [
+ "Basic Latin",
+ "Latin-1 Supplement"
+ ],
+ "has_sig_or_bom": false,
+ "chaos": 0.149,
+ "coherence": 97.152,
+ "unicode_path": null,
+ "is_preferred": true
+}
+```
+
+### Python
+*Just print out normalized text*
+```python
+from charset_normalizer import from_path
+
+results = from_path('./my_subtitle.srt')
+
+print(str(results.best()))
+```
+
+*Normalize any text file*
+```python
+from charset_normalizer import normalize
+try:
+ normalize('./my_subtitle.srt') # should write to disk my_subtitle-***.srt
+except IOError as e:
+ print('Sadly, we are unable to perform charset normalization.', str(e))
+```
+
+*Upgrade your code without effort*
+```python
+from charset_normalizer import detect
+```
+
+The above code will behave the same as **chardet**. We ensure that we offer the best (reasonable) BC result possible.
+
+See the docs for advanced usage : [readthedocs.io](https://charset-normalizer.readthedocs.io/en/latest/)
+
+## 😇 Why
+
+When I started using Chardet, I noticed that it was not suited to my expectations, and I wanted to propose a
+reliable alternative using a completely different method. Also! I never back down on a good challenge !
+
+I **don't care** about the **originating charset** encoding, because **two different tables** can
+produce **two identical files.**
+What I want is to get readable text, the best I can.
+
+In a way, **I'm brute forcing text decoding.** How cool is that ? 😎
+
+Don't confuse package **ftfy** with charset-normalizer or chardet. ftfy goal is to repair unicode string whereas charset-normalizer to convert raw file in unknown encoding to unicode.
+
+## 🍰 How
+
+ - Discard all charset encoding table that could not fit the binary content.
+ - Measure chaos, or the mess once opened (by chunks) with a corresponding charset encoding.
+ - Extract matches with the lowest mess detected.
+ - Finally, we measure coherence / probe for a language.
+
+**Wait a minute**, what is chaos/mess and coherence according to **YOU ?**
+
+*Chaos :* I opened hundred of text files, **written by humans**, with the wrong encoding table. **I observed**, then
+**I established** some ground rules about **what is obvious** when **it seems like** a mess.
+ I know that my interpretation of what is chaotic is very subjective, feel free to contribute in order to
+ improve or rewrite it.
+
+*Coherence :* For each language there is on earth, we have computed ranked letter appearance occurrences (the best we can). So I thought
+that intel is worth something here. So I use those records against decoded text to check if I can detect intelligent design.
+
+## ⚡ Known limitations
+
+ - Language detection is unreliable when text contains two or more languages sharing identical letters. (eg. HTML (english tags) + Turkish content (Sharing Latin characters))
+ - Every charset detector heavily depends on sufficient content. In common cases, do not bother run detection on very tiny content.
+
+## 👤 Contributing
+
+Contributions, issues and feature requests are very much welcome.
+Feel free to check [issues page](https://github.com/ousret/charset_normalizer/issues) if you want to contribute.
+
+## 📝 License
+
+Copyright © 2019 [Ahmed TAHRI @Ousret](https://github.com/Ousret).
+This project is [MIT](https://github.com/Ousret/charset_normalizer/blob/master/LICENSE) licensed.
+
+Characters frequencies used in this project © 2012 [Denny Vrandečić](http://simia.net/letters/)
+
+
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/RECORD b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..42e2bf079
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+../../../bin/normalizer,sha256=4-PmBthgU7X9QwI16475x0syacpjO2FekMU_YVOL-r8,298
+charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=6zGgxaT7Cbik4yBV0lweX5w1iidS_vPNcgIT0cz-4kE,1070
+charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=zWnIKeYWdCmL4F61s9ci-Q4mjCKzbioT18dp-T0gEag,11241
+charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/RECORD,,
+charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=ewwEueio1C2XeHTvT17n8dZUJgOvyCWCt0WVNLClP9o,92
+charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/entry_points.txt,sha256=5AJq_EPtGGUwJPgQLnBZfbVr-FYCIwT0xP7dIEZO3NI,77
+charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=7ASyzePr8_xuZWJsnqJjIBtyV8vhEo0wBCv1MPRRi3Q,19
+charset_normalizer/__init__.py,sha256=zPNiH2V-xY-kLTkpOfzCIUmf4tly8t7tg7hkgMW7528,1467
+charset_normalizer/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-38.pyc,,
+charset_normalizer/__pycache__/api.cpython-38.pyc,,
+charset_normalizer/__pycache__/cd.cpython-38.pyc,,
+charset_normalizer/__pycache__/constant.cpython-38.pyc,,
+charset_normalizer/__pycache__/legacy.cpython-38.pyc,,
+charset_normalizer/__pycache__/md.cpython-38.pyc,,
+charset_normalizer/__pycache__/models.cpython-38.pyc,,
+charset_normalizer/__pycache__/utils.cpython-38.pyc,,
+charset_normalizer/__pycache__/version.cpython-38.pyc,,
+charset_normalizer/api.py,sha256=fpxRxVAXxeaRXACxYl8EhXfAoybWkaorvCM3kYPv-gU,17738
+charset_normalizer/assets/__init__.py,sha256=wY6V36jmSumayW1HFQNbD19mxuT9AhcUUzl4LQN07Vk,25069
+charset_normalizer/assets/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-38.pyc,,
+charset_normalizer/cd.py,sha256=tfM5s7iwdy7Mr-cLbv4l9hZbs0RnsW3-BaKuJRyUjvI,9520
+charset_normalizer/cli/__init__.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+charset_normalizer/cli/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-38.pyc,,
+charset_normalizer/cli/__pycache__/normalizer.cpython-38.pyc,,
+charset_normalizer/cli/normalizer.py,sha256=H_2C2e81PqNCmUaXuwBJ5Lir_l0wwzELSxjPXcUL9O4,9453
+charset_normalizer/constant.py,sha256=rx8g-2vg-dIVV6iU6PWYWog9jBJQDvUr8vj4tcTo8OI,19011
+charset_normalizer/legacy.py,sha256=VXqlU-W1NdE7fUXV_DZ1BDUyyX4qnFegiedMI7i8n9A,3213
+charset_normalizer/md.py,sha256=OH-UeRKuprWUxoGffHNRH16W6Tmiu3OGYzzC8tZyarA,17654
+charset_normalizer/models.py,sha256=IfkHAPRbC7Veqic9C7XPtoEb4F08P4o970WIdBg7Elc,13332
+charset_normalizer/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+charset_normalizer/utils.py,sha256=6vfdA59u0VQD3_dDXf2B8viuUWPo9xIfKq4b0nXX6Mo,9026
+charset_normalizer/version.py,sha256=GJ53Q4s3c6EeoKiY91GIgH_aP4WKIZ36Hg65AHVSUoQ,79
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/WHEEL b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5bad85fdc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/entry_points.txt b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/entry_points.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a67f60bcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/entry_points.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[console_scripts]
+normalizer = charset_normalizer.cli.normalizer:cli_detect
+
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/top_level.txt b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..66958f0a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.6.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+charset_normalizer
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/__init__.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f899bce6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+"""
+Charset-Normalizer
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+The Real First Universal Charset Detector.
+A library that helps you read text from an unknown charset encoding.
+Motivated by chardet, This package is trying to resolve the issue by taking a new approach.
+All IANA character set names for which the Python core library provides codecs are supported.
+
+Basic usage:
+ >>> from charset_normalizer import from_bytes
+ >>> results = from_bytes('Bсеки човек има право на образование. Oбразованието!'.encode('utf_8'))
+ >>> best_guess = results.best()
+ >>> str(best_guess)
+ 'Bсеки човек има право на образование. Oбразованието!'
+
+Others methods and usages are available - see the full documentation
+at .
+:copyright: (c) 2021 by Ahmed TAHRI
+:license: MIT, see LICENSE for more details.
+"""
+from .api import from_bytes, from_fp, from_path, normalize
+from .legacy import (
+ CharsetDetector,
+ CharsetDoctor,
+ CharsetNormalizerMatch,
+ CharsetNormalizerMatches,
+ detect,
+)
+from .models import CharsetMatch, CharsetMatches
+from .version import VERSION, __version__
+
+__all__ = (
+ "from_fp",
+ "from_path",
+ "from_bytes",
+ "normalize",
+ "detect",
+ "CharsetMatch",
+ "CharsetMatches",
+ "CharsetNormalizerMatch",
+ "CharsetNormalizerMatches",
+ "CharsetDetector",
+ "CharsetDoctor",
+ "__version__",
+ "VERSION",
+)
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diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/api.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/api.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..37795a4b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/api.py
@@ -0,0 +1,546 @@
+from os.path import basename, splitext
+from typing import BinaryIO, List, Optional, Set
+
+try:
+ from os import PathLike
+except ImportError: # pragma: no cover
+ PathLike = str # type: ignore
+
+import logging
+
+from .cd import (
+ coherence_ratio,
+ encoding_languages,
+ mb_encoding_languages,
+ merge_coherence_ratios,
+)
+from .constant import IANA_SUPPORTED, TOO_BIG_SEQUENCE, TOO_SMALL_SEQUENCE
+from .md import mess_ratio
+from .models import CharsetMatch, CharsetMatches
+from .utils import (
+ any_specified_encoding,
+ iana_name,
+ identify_sig_or_bom,
+ is_cp_similar,
+ is_multi_byte_encoding,
+ should_strip_sig_or_bom,
+)
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("charset_normalizer")
+logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+
+handler = logging.StreamHandler()
+handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s | %(levelname)s | %(message)s"))
+logger.addHandler(handler)
+
+
+def from_bytes(
+ sequences: bytes,
+ steps: int = 5,
+ chunk_size: int = 512,
+ threshold: float = 0.2,
+ cp_isolation: List[str] = None,
+ cp_exclusion: List[str] = None,
+ preemptive_behaviour: bool = True,
+ explain: bool = False,
+) -> CharsetMatches:
+ """
+ Given a raw bytes sequence, return the best possibles charset usable to render str objects.
+ If there is no results, it is a strong indicator that the source is binary/not text.
+ By default, the process will extract 5 blocs of 512o each to assess the mess and coherence of a given sequence.
+ And will give up a particular code page after 20% of measured mess. Those criteria are customizable at will.
+
+ The preemptive behavior DOES NOT replace the traditional detection workflow, it prioritize a particular code page
+ but never take it for granted. Can improve the performance.
+
+ You may want to focus your attention to some code page or/and not others, use cp_isolation and cp_exclusion for that
+ purpose.
+
+ This function will strip the SIG in the payload/sequence every time except on UTF-16, UTF-32.
+ """
+
+ if not isinstance(sequences, (bytearray, bytes)):
+ raise TypeError(
+ "Expected object of type bytes or bytearray, got: {0}".format(
+ type(sequences)
+ )
+ )
+
+ if not explain:
+ logger.setLevel(logging.CRITICAL)
+ else:
+ logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
+
+ length = len(sequences) # type: int
+
+ if length == 0:
+ logger.warning(
+ "Given content is empty, stopping the process very early, returning empty utf_8 str match"
+ )
+ return CharsetMatches([CharsetMatch(sequences, "utf_8", 0.0, False, [], "")])
+
+ if cp_isolation is not None:
+ logger.warning(
+ "cp_isolation is set. use this flag for debugging purpose. "
+ "limited list of encoding allowed : %s.",
+ ", ".join(cp_isolation),
+ )
+ cp_isolation = [iana_name(cp, False) for cp in cp_isolation]
+ else:
+ cp_isolation = []
+
+ if cp_exclusion is not None:
+ logger.warning(
+ "cp_exclusion is set. use this flag for debugging purpose. "
+ "limited list of encoding excluded : %s.",
+ ", ".join(cp_exclusion),
+ )
+ cp_exclusion = [iana_name(cp, False) for cp in cp_exclusion]
+ else:
+ cp_exclusion = []
+
+ if length <= (chunk_size * steps):
+ logger.warning(
+ "override steps (%i) and chunk_size (%i) as content does not fit (%i byte(s) given) parameters.",
+ steps,
+ chunk_size,
+ length,
+ )
+ steps = 1
+ chunk_size = length
+
+ if steps > 1 and length / steps < chunk_size:
+ chunk_size = int(length / steps)
+
+ is_too_small_sequence = len(sequences) < TOO_SMALL_SEQUENCE # type: bool
+ is_too_large_sequence = len(sequences) >= TOO_BIG_SEQUENCE # type: bool
+
+ if is_too_small_sequence:
+ logger.warning(
+ "Trying to detect encoding from a tiny portion of ({}) byte(s).".format(
+ length
+ )
+ )
+ elif is_too_large_sequence:
+ logger.info(
+ "Using lazy str decoding because the payload is quite large, ({}) byte(s).".format(
+ length
+ )
+ )
+
+ prioritized_encodings = [] # type: List[str]
+
+ specified_encoding = (
+ any_specified_encoding(sequences) if preemptive_behaviour is True else None
+ ) # type: Optional[str]
+
+ if specified_encoding is not None:
+ prioritized_encodings.append(specified_encoding)
+ logger.info(
+ "Detected declarative mark in sequence. Priority +1 given for %s.",
+ specified_encoding,
+ )
+
+ tested = set() # type: Set[str]
+ tested_but_hard_failure = [] # type: List[str]
+ tested_but_soft_failure = [] # type: List[str]
+
+ fallback_ascii = None # type: Optional[CharsetMatch]
+ fallback_u8 = None # type: Optional[CharsetMatch]
+ fallback_specified = None # type: Optional[CharsetMatch]
+
+ single_byte_hard_failure_count = 0 # type: int
+ single_byte_soft_failure_count = 0 # type: int
+
+ results = CharsetMatches() # type: CharsetMatches
+
+ sig_encoding, sig_payload = identify_sig_or_bom(sequences)
+
+ if sig_encoding is not None:
+ prioritized_encodings.append(sig_encoding)
+ logger.info(
+ "Detected a SIG or BOM mark on first %i byte(s). Priority +1 given for %s.",
+ len(sig_payload),
+ sig_encoding,
+ )
+
+ prioritized_encodings.append("ascii")
+
+ if "utf_8" not in prioritized_encodings:
+ prioritized_encodings.append("utf_8")
+
+ for encoding_iana in prioritized_encodings + IANA_SUPPORTED:
+
+ if cp_isolation and encoding_iana not in cp_isolation:
+ continue
+
+ if cp_exclusion and encoding_iana in cp_exclusion:
+ continue
+
+ if encoding_iana in tested:
+ continue
+
+ tested.add(encoding_iana)
+
+ decoded_payload = None # type: Optional[str]
+ bom_or_sig_available = sig_encoding == encoding_iana # type: bool
+ strip_sig_or_bom = bom_or_sig_available and should_strip_sig_or_bom(
+ encoding_iana
+ ) # type: bool
+
+ if encoding_iana in {"utf_16", "utf_32"} and bom_or_sig_available is False:
+ logger.info(
+ "Encoding %s wont be tested as-is because it require a BOM. Will try some sub-encoder LE/BE.",
+ encoding_iana,
+ )
+ continue
+
+ try:
+ is_multi_byte_decoder = is_multi_byte_encoding(encoding_iana) # type: bool
+ except (ModuleNotFoundError, ImportError):
+ logger.debug(
+ "Encoding %s does not provide an IncrementalDecoder", encoding_iana
+ )
+ continue
+
+ try:
+ if is_too_large_sequence and is_multi_byte_decoder is False:
+ str(
+ sequences[: int(50e4)]
+ if strip_sig_or_bom is False
+ else sequences[len(sig_payload) : int(50e4)],
+ encoding=encoding_iana,
+ )
+ else:
+ decoded_payload = str(
+ sequences
+ if strip_sig_or_bom is False
+ else sequences[len(sig_payload) :],
+ encoding=encoding_iana,
+ )
+ except UnicodeDecodeError as e:
+ logger.warning(
+ "Code page %s does not fit given bytes sequence at ALL. %s",
+ encoding_iana,
+ str(e),
+ )
+ tested_but_hard_failure.append(encoding_iana)
+ if not is_multi_byte_decoder:
+ single_byte_hard_failure_count += 1
+ continue
+ except LookupError:
+ tested_but_hard_failure.append(encoding_iana)
+ if not is_multi_byte_decoder:
+ single_byte_hard_failure_count += 1
+ continue
+
+ similar_soft_failure_test = False # type: bool
+
+ for encoding_soft_failed in tested_but_soft_failure:
+ if is_cp_similar(encoding_iana, encoding_soft_failed):
+ similar_soft_failure_test = True
+ break
+
+ if similar_soft_failure_test:
+ logger.warning(
+ "%s is deemed too similar to code page %s and was consider unsuited already. Continuing!",
+ encoding_iana,
+ encoding_soft_failed,
+ )
+ continue
+
+ r_ = range(
+ 0 if bom_or_sig_available is False else len(sig_payload),
+ length,
+ int(length / steps),
+ )
+
+ multi_byte_bonus = (
+ is_multi_byte_decoder
+ and decoded_payload is not None
+ and len(decoded_payload) < length
+ ) # type: bool
+
+ if multi_byte_bonus:
+ logger.info(
+ "Code page %s is a multi byte encoding table and it appear that at least one character "
+ "was encoded using n-bytes.",
+ encoding_iana,
+ )
+
+ max_chunk_gave_up = int(len(r_) / 4) # type: int
+
+ if max_chunk_gave_up < 2:
+ max_chunk_gave_up = 2
+
+ early_stop_count = 0 # type: int
+
+ md_chunks = [] # type: List[str]
+ md_ratios = []
+
+ for i in r_:
+ cut_sequence = sequences[i : i + chunk_size]
+
+ if bom_or_sig_available and strip_sig_or_bom is False:
+ cut_sequence = sig_payload + cut_sequence
+
+ chunk = cut_sequence.decode(encoding_iana, errors="ignore") # type: str
+
+ # multi-byte bad cutting detector and adjustment
+ # not the cleanest way to perform that fix but clever enough for now.
+ if is_multi_byte_decoder and i > 0 and sequences[i] >= 0x80:
+
+ chunk_partial_size_chk = (
+ 16 if chunk_size > 16 else chunk_size
+ ) # type: int
+
+ if (
+ decoded_payload
+ and chunk[:chunk_partial_size_chk] not in decoded_payload
+ ):
+ for j in range(i, i - 4, -1):
+ cut_sequence = sequences[j : i + chunk_size]
+
+ if bom_or_sig_available and strip_sig_or_bom is False:
+ cut_sequence = sig_payload + cut_sequence
+
+ chunk = cut_sequence.decode(encoding_iana, errors="ignore")
+
+ if chunk[:chunk_partial_size_chk] in decoded_payload:
+ break
+
+ md_chunks.append(chunk)
+
+ md_ratios.append(mess_ratio(chunk, threshold))
+
+ if md_ratios[-1] >= threshold:
+ early_stop_count += 1
+
+ if (early_stop_count >= max_chunk_gave_up) or (
+ bom_or_sig_available and strip_sig_or_bom is False
+ ):
+ break
+
+ if md_ratios:
+ mean_mess_ratio = sum(md_ratios) / len(md_ratios) # type: float
+ else:
+ mean_mess_ratio = 0.0
+
+ if mean_mess_ratio >= threshold or early_stop_count >= max_chunk_gave_up:
+ tested_but_soft_failure.append(encoding_iana)
+ if not is_multi_byte_decoder:
+ single_byte_soft_failure_count += 1
+ logger.warning(
+ "%s was excluded because of initial chaos probing. Gave up %i time(s). "
+ "Computed mean chaos is %f %%.",
+ encoding_iana,
+ early_stop_count,
+ round(mean_mess_ratio * 100, ndigits=3),
+ )
+ # Preparing those fallbacks in case we got nothing.
+ if encoding_iana in ["ascii", "utf_8", specified_encoding]:
+ fallback_entry = CharsetMatch(
+ sequences, encoding_iana, threshold, False, [], decoded_payload
+ )
+ if encoding_iana == specified_encoding:
+ fallback_specified = fallback_entry
+ elif encoding_iana == "ascii":
+ fallback_ascii = fallback_entry
+ else:
+ fallback_u8 = fallback_entry
+ continue
+
+ logger.info(
+ "%s passed initial chaos probing. Mean measured chaos is %f %%",
+ encoding_iana,
+ round(mean_mess_ratio * 100, ndigits=3),
+ )
+
+ if not is_multi_byte_decoder:
+ target_languages = encoding_languages(encoding_iana) # type: List[str]
+ else:
+ target_languages = mb_encoding_languages(encoding_iana)
+
+ if target_languages:
+ logger.info(
+ "{} should target any language(s) of {}".format(
+ encoding_iana, str(target_languages)
+ )
+ )
+
+ cd_ratios = []
+
+ for chunk in md_chunks:
+ chunk_languages = coherence_ratio(
+ chunk, 0.1, ",".join(target_languages) if target_languages else None
+ )
+
+ cd_ratios.append(chunk_languages)
+
+ cd_ratios_merged = merge_coherence_ratios(cd_ratios)
+
+ if cd_ratios_merged:
+ logger.info(
+ "We detected language {} using {}".format(
+ cd_ratios_merged, encoding_iana
+ )
+ )
+
+ results.append(
+ CharsetMatch(
+ sequences,
+ encoding_iana,
+ mean_mess_ratio,
+ bom_or_sig_available,
+ cd_ratios_merged,
+ decoded_payload,
+ )
+ )
+
+ if (
+ encoding_iana in [specified_encoding, "ascii", "utf_8"]
+ and mean_mess_ratio < 0.1
+ ):
+ logger.info(
+ "%s is most likely the one. Stopping the process.", encoding_iana
+ )
+ return CharsetMatches([results[encoding_iana]])
+
+ if encoding_iana == sig_encoding:
+ logger.info(
+ "%s is most likely the one as we detected a BOM or SIG within the beginning of the sequence.",
+ encoding_iana,
+ )
+ return CharsetMatches([results[encoding_iana]])
+
+ if results[-1].languages:
+ logger.info(
+ "Using %s code page we detected the following languages: %s",
+ encoding_iana,
+ results[encoding_iana]._languages,
+ )
+
+ if len(results) == 0:
+ if fallback_u8 or fallback_ascii or fallback_specified:
+ logger.warning(
+ "Nothing got out of the detection process. Using ASCII/UTF-8/Specified fallback."
+ )
+
+ if fallback_specified:
+ logger.warning(
+ "%s will be used as a fallback match", fallback_specified.encoding
+ )
+ results.append(fallback_specified)
+ elif (
+ (fallback_u8 and fallback_ascii is None)
+ or (
+ fallback_u8
+ and fallback_ascii
+ and fallback_u8.fingerprint != fallback_ascii.fingerprint
+ )
+ or (fallback_u8 is not None)
+ ):
+ logger.warning("utf_8 will be used as a fallback match")
+ results.append(fallback_u8)
+ elif fallback_ascii:
+ logger.warning("ascii will be used as a fallback match")
+ results.append(fallback_ascii)
+
+ return results
+
+
+def from_fp(
+ fp: BinaryIO,
+ steps: int = 5,
+ chunk_size: int = 512,
+ threshold: float = 0.20,
+ cp_isolation: List[str] = None,
+ cp_exclusion: List[str] = None,
+ preemptive_behaviour: bool = True,
+ explain: bool = False,
+) -> CharsetMatches:
+ """
+ Same thing than the function from_bytes but using a file pointer that is already ready.
+ Will not close the file pointer.
+ """
+ return from_bytes(
+ fp.read(),
+ steps,
+ chunk_size,
+ threshold,
+ cp_isolation,
+ cp_exclusion,
+ preemptive_behaviour,
+ explain,
+ )
+
+
+def from_path(
+ path: PathLike,
+ steps: int = 5,
+ chunk_size: int = 512,
+ threshold: float = 0.20,
+ cp_isolation: List[str] = None,
+ cp_exclusion: List[str] = None,
+ preemptive_behaviour: bool = True,
+ explain: bool = False,
+) -> CharsetMatches:
+ """
+ Same thing than the function from_bytes but with one extra step. Opening and reading given file path in binary mode.
+ Can raise IOError.
+ """
+ with open(path, "rb") as fp:
+ return from_fp(
+ fp,
+ steps,
+ chunk_size,
+ threshold,
+ cp_isolation,
+ cp_exclusion,
+ preemptive_behaviour,
+ explain,
+ )
+
+
+def normalize(
+ path: PathLike,
+ steps: int = 5,
+ chunk_size: int = 512,
+ threshold: float = 0.20,
+ cp_isolation: List[str] = None,
+ cp_exclusion: List[str] = None,
+ preemptive_behaviour: bool = True,
+) -> CharsetMatch:
+ """
+ Take a (text-based) file path and try to create another file next to it, this time using UTF-8.
+ """
+ results = from_path(
+ path,
+ steps,
+ chunk_size,
+ threshold,
+ cp_isolation,
+ cp_exclusion,
+ preemptive_behaviour,
+ )
+
+ filename = basename(path)
+ target_extensions = list(splitext(filename))
+
+ if len(results) == 0:
+ raise IOError(
+ 'Unable to normalize "{}", no encoding charset seems to fit.'.format(
+ filename
+ )
+ )
+
+ result = results.best()
+
+ target_extensions[0] += "-" + result.encoding # type: ignore
+
+ with open(
+ "{}".format(str(path).replace(filename, "".join(target_extensions))), "wb"
+ ) as fp:
+ fp.write(result.output()) # type: ignore
+
+ return result # type: ignore
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/assets/__init__.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/assets/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..830b2332e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/assets/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1219 @@
+"""
+This submodule purpose is to load attached JSON asset.
+Will be loaded once per package import / python init.
+
+The file 'frequencies.json' is mandatory for language/coherence detection. Not having it will weaker considerably
+the core detection.
+"""
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+FREQUENCIES = OrderedDict(
+ [
+ (
+ "English",
+ [
+ "e",
+ "a",
+ "t",
+ "i",
+ "o",
+ "n",
+ "s",
+ "r",
+ "h",
+ "l",
+ "d",
+ "c",
+ "u",
+ "m",
+ "f",
+ "p",
+ "g",
+ "w",
+ "y",
+ "b",
+ "v",
+ "k",
+ "x",
+ "j",
+ "z",
+ "q",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "German",
+ [
+ "e",
+ "n",
+ "i",
+ "r",
+ "s",
+ "t",
+ "a",
+ "d",
+ "h",
+ "u",
+ "l",
+ "g",
+ "o",
+ "c",
+ "m",
+ "b",
+ "f",
+ "k",
+ "w",
+ "z",
+ "p",
+ "v",
+ "ü",
+ "ä",
+ "ö",
+ "j",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "French",
+ [
+ "e",
+ "a",
+ "s",
+ "n",
+ "i",
+ "t",
+ "r",
+ "l",
+ "u",
+ "o",
+ "d",
+ "c",
+ "p",
+ "m",
+ "é",
+ "v",
+ "g",
+ "f",
+ "b",
+ "h",
+ "q",
+ "à",
+ "x",
+ "è",
+ "y",
+ "j",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Dutch",
+ [
+ "e",
+ "n",
+ "a",
+ "i",
+ "r",
+ "t",
+ "o",
+ "d",
+ "s",
+ "l",
+ "g",
+ "h",
+ "v",
+ "m",
+ "u",
+ "k",
+ "c",
+ "p",
+ "b",
+ "w",
+ "j",
+ "z",
+ "f",
+ "y",
+ "x",
+ "ë",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Italian",
+ [
+ "e",
+ "i",
+ "a",
+ "o",
+ "n",
+ "l",
+ "t",
+ "r",
+ "s",
+ "c",
+ "d",
+ "u",
+ "p",
+ "m",
+ "g",
+ "v",
+ "f",
+ "b",
+ "z",
+ "h",
+ "q",
+ "è",
+ "à",
+ "k",
+ "y",
+ "ò",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Polish",
+ [
+ "a",
+ "i",
+ "o",
+ "e",
+ "n",
+ "r",
+ "z",
+ "w",
+ "s",
+ "c",
+ "t",
+ "k",
+ "y",
+ "d",
+ "p",
+ "m",
+ "u",
+ "l",
+ "j",
+ "ł",
+ "g",
+ "b",
+ "h",
+ "ą",
+ "ę",
+ "ó",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Spanish",
+ [
+ "e",
+ "a",
+ "o",
+ "n",
+ "s",
+ "r",
+ "i",
+ "l",
+ "d",
+ "t",
+ "c",
+ "u",
+ "m",
+ "p",
+ "b",
+ "g",
+ "v",
+ "f",
+ "y",
+ "ó",
+ "h",
+ "q",
+ "í",
+ "j",
+ "z",
+ "á",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Russian",
+ [
+ "о",
+ "а",
+ "е",
+ "и",
+ "н",
+ "с",
+ "т",
+ "р",
+ "в",
+ "л",
+ "к",
+ "м",
+ "д",
+ "п",
+ "у",
+ "г",
+ "я",
+ "ы",
+ "з",
+ "б",
+ "й",
+ "ь",
+ "ч",
+ "х",
+ "ж",
+ "ц",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Japanese",
+ [
+ "の",
+ "に",
+ "る",
+ "た",
+ "は",
+ "ー",
+ "と",
+ "し",
+ "を",
+ "で",
+ "て",
+ "が",
+ "い",
+ "ン",
+ "れ",
+ "な",
+ "年",
+ "ス",
+ "っ",
+ "ル",
+ "か",
+ "ら",
+ "あ",
+ "さ",
+ "も",
+ "り",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Portuguese",
+ [
+ "a",
+ "e",
+ "o",
+ "s",
+ "i",
+ "r",
+ "d",
+ "n",
+ "t",
+ "m",
+ "u",
+ "c",
+ "l",
+ "p",
+ "g",
+ "v",
+ "b",
+ "f",
+ "h",
+ "ã",
+ "q",
+ "é",
+ "ç",
+ "á",
+ "z",
+ "í",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Swedish",
+ [
+ "e",
+ "a",
+ "n",
+ "r",
+ "t",
+ "s",
+ "i",
+ "l",
+ "d",
+ "o",
+ "m",
+ "k",
+ "g",
+ "v",
+ "h",
+ "f",
+ "u",
+ "p",
+ "ä",
+ "c",
+ "b",
+ "ö",
+ "å",
+ "y",
+ "j",
+ "x",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Chinese",
+ [
+ "的",
+ "一",
+ "是",
+ "不",
+ "了",
+ "在",
+ "人",
+ "有",
+ "我",
+ "他",
+ "这",
+ "个",
+ "们",
+ "中",
+ "来",
+ "上",
+ "大",
+ "为",
+ "和",
+ "国",
+ "地",
+ "到",
+ "以",
+ "说",
+ "时",
+ "要",
+ "就",
+ "出",
+ "会",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Ukrainian",
+ [
+ "о",
+ "а",
+ "н",
+ "і",
+ "и",
+ "р",
+ "в",
+ "т",
+ "е",
+ "с",
+ "к",
+ "л",
+ "у",
+ "д",
+ "м",
+ "п",
+ "з",
+ "я",
+ "ь",
+ "б",
+ "г",
+ "й",
+ "ч",
+ "х",
+ "ц",
+ "ї",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Norwegian",
+ [
+ "e",
+ "r",
+ "n",
+ "t",
+ "a",
+ "s",
+ "i",
+ "o",
+ "l",
+ "d",
+ "g",
+ "k",
+ "m",
+ "v",
+ "f",
+ "p",
+ "u",
+ "b",
+ "h",
+ "å",
+ "y",
+ "j",
+ "ø",
+ "c",
+ "æ",
+ "w",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Finnish",
+ [
+ "a",
+ "i",
+ "n",
+ "t",
+ "e",
+ "s",
+ "l",
+ "o",
+ "u",
+ "k",
+ "ä",
+ "m",
+ "r",
+ "v",
+ "j",
+ "h",
+ "p",
+ "y",
+ "d",
+ "ö",
+ "g",
+ "c",
+ "b",
+ "f",
+ "w",
+ "z",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Vietnamese",
+ [
+ "n",
+ "h",
+ "t",
+ "i",
+ "c",
+ "g",
+ "a",
+ "o",
+ "u",
+ "m",
+ "l",
+ "r",
+ "à",
+ "đ",
+ "s",
+ "e",
+ "v",
+ "p",
+ "b",
+ "y",
+ "ư",
+ "d",
+ "á",
+ "k",
+ "ộ",
+ "ế",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Czech",
+ [
+ "o",
+ "e",
+ "a",
+ "n",
+ "t",
+ "s",
+ "i",
+ "l",
+ "v",
+ "r",
+ "k",
+ "d",
+ "u",
+ "m",
+ "p",
+ "í",
+ "c",
+ "h",
+ "z",
+ "á",
+ "y",
+ "j",
+ "b",
+ "ě",
+ "é",
+ "ř",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Hungarian",
+ [
+ "e",
+ "a",
+ "t",
+ "l",
+ "s",
+ "n",
+ "k",
+ "r",
+ "i",
+ "o",
+ "z",
+ "á",
+ "é",
+ "g",
+ "m",
+ "b",
+ "y",
+ "v",
+ "d",
+ "h",
+ "u",
+ "p",
+ "j",
+ "ö",
+ "f",
+ "c",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Korean",
+ [
+ "이",
+ "다",
+ "에",
+ "의",
+ "는",
+ "로",
+ "하",
+ "을",
+ "가",
+ "고",
+ "지",
+ "서",
+ "한",
+ "은",
+ "기",
+ "으",
+ "년",
+ "대",
+ "사",
+ "시",
+ "를",
+ "리",
+ "도",
+ "인",
+ "스",
+ "일",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Indonesian",
+ [
+ "a",
+ "n",
+ "e",
+ "i",
+ "r",
+ "t",
+ "u",
+ "s",
+ "d",
+ "k",
+ "m",
+ "l",
+ "g",
+ "p",
+ "b",
+ "o",
+ "h",
+ "y",
+ "j",
+ "c",
+ "w",
+ "f",
+ "v",
+ "z",
+ "x",
+ "q",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Turkish",
+ [
+ "a",
+ "e",
+ "i",
+ "n",
+ "r",
+ "l",
+ "ı",
+ "k",
+ "d",
+ "t",
+ "s",
+ "m",
+ "y",
+ "u",
+ "o",
+ "b",
+ "ü",
+ "ş",
+ "v",
+ "g",
+ "z",
+ "h",
+ "c",
+ "p",
+ "ç",
+ "ğ",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Romanian",
+ [
+ "e",
+ "i",
+ "a",
+ "r",
+ "n",
+ "t",
+ "u",
+ "l",
+ "o",
+ "c",
+ "s",
+ "d",
+ "p",
+ "m",
+ "ă",
+ "f",
+ "v",
+ "î",
+ "g",
+ "b",
+ "ș",
+ "ț",
+ "z",
+ "h",
+ "â",
+ "j",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Farsi",
+ [
+ "ا",
+ "ی",
+ "ر",
+ "د",
+ "ن",
+ "ه",
+ "و",
+ "م",
+ "ت",
+ "ب",
+ "س",
+ "ل",
+ "ک",
+ "ش",
+ "ز",
+ "ف",
+ "گ",
+ "ع",
+ "خ",
+ "ق",
+ "ج",
+ "آ",
+ "پ",
+ "ح",
+ "ط",
+ "ص",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Arabic",
+ [
+ "ا",
+ "ل",
+ "ي",
+ "م",
+ "و",
+ "ن",
+ "ر",
+ "ت",
+ "ب",
+ "ة",
+ "ع",
+ "د",
+ "س",
+ "ف",
+ "ه",
+ "ك",
+ "ق",
+ "أ",
+ "ح",
+ "ج",
+ "ش",
+ "ط",
+ "ص",
+ "ى",
+ "خ",
+ "إ",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Danish",
+ [
+ "e",
+ "r",
+ "n",
+ "t",
+ "a",
+ "i",
+ "s",
+ "d",
+ "l",
+ "o",
+ "g",
+ "m",
+ "k",
+ "f",
+ "v",
+ "u",
+ "b",
+ "h",
+ "p",
+ "å",
+ "y",
+ "ø",
+ "æ",
+ "c",
+ "j",
+ "w",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Serbian",
+ [
+ "а",
+ "и",
+ "о",
+ "е",
+ "н",
+ "р",
+ "с",
+ "у",
+ "т",
+ "к",
+ "ј",
+ "в",
+ "д",
+ "м",
+ "п",
+ "л",
+ "г",
+ "з",
+ "б",
+ "a",
+ "i",
+ "e",
+ "o",
+ "n",
+ "ц",
+ "ш",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Lithuanian",
+ [
+ "i",
+ "a",
+ "s",
+ "o",
+ "r",
+ "e",
+ "t",
+ "n",
+ "u",
+ "k",
+ "m",
+ "l",
+ "p",
+ "v",
+ "d",
+ "j",
+ "g",
+ "ė",
+ "b",
+ "y",
+ "ų",
+ "š",
+ "ž",
+ "c",
+ "ą",
+ "į",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Slovene",
+ [
+ "e",
+ "a",
+ "i",
+ "o",
+ "n",
+ "r",
+ "s",
+ "l",
+ "t",
+ "j",
+ "v",
+ "k",
+ "d",
+ "p",
+ "m",
+ "u",
+ "z",
+ "b",
+ "g",
+ "h",
+ "č",
+ "c",
+ "š",
+ "ž",
+ "f",
+ "y",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Slovak",
+ [
+ "o",
+ "a",
+ "e",
+ "n",
+ "i",
+ "r",
+ "v",
+ "t",
+ "s",
+ "l",
+ "k",
+ "d",
+ "m",
+ "p",
+ "u",
+ "c",
+ "h",
+ "j",
+ "b",
+ "z",
+ "á",
+ "y",
+ "ý",
+ "í",
+ "č",
+ "é",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Hebrew",
+ [
+ "י",
+ "ו",
+ "ה",
+ "ל",
+ "ר",
+ "ב",
+ "ת",
+ "מ",
+ "א",
+ "ש",
+ "נ",
+ "ע",
+ "ם",
+ "ד",
+ "ק",
+ "ח",
+ "פ",
+ "ס",
+ "כ",
+ "ג",
+ "ט",
+ "צ",
+ "ן",
+ "ז",
+ "ך",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Bulgarian",
+ [
+ "а",
+ "и",
+ "о",
+ "е",
+ "н",
+ "т",
+ "р",
+ "с",
+ "в",
+ "л",
+ "к",
+ "д",
+ "п",
+ "м",
+ "з",
+ "г",
+ "я",
+ "ъ",
+ "у",
+ "б",
+ "ч",
+ "ц",
+ "й",
+ "ж",
+ "щ",
+ "х",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Croatian",
+ [
+ "a",
+ "i",
+ "o",
+ "e",
+ "n",
+ "r",
+ "j",
+ "s",
+ "t",
+ "u",
+ "k",
+ "l",
+ "v",
+ "d",
+ "m",
+ "p",
+ "g",
+ "z",
+ "b",
+ "c",
+ "č",
+ "h",
+ "š",
+ "ž",
+ "ć",
+ "f",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Hindi",
+ [
+ "क",
+ "र",
+ "स",
+ "न",
+ "त",
+ "म",
+ "ह",
+ "प",
+ "य",
+ "ल",
+ "व",
+ "ज",
+ "द",
+ "ग",
+ "ब",
+ "श",
+ "ट",
+ "अ",
+ "ए",
+ "थ",
+ "भ",
+ "ड",
+ "च",
+ "ध",
+ "ष",
+ "इ",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Estonian",
+ [
+ "a",
+ "i",
+ "e",
+ "s",
+ "t",
+ "l",
+ "u",
+ "n",
+ "o",
+ "k",
+ "r",
+ "d",
+ "m",
+ "v",
+ "g",
+ "p",
+ "j",
+ "h",
+ "ä",
+ "b",
+ "õ",
+ "ü",
+ "f",
+ "c",
+ "ö",
+ "y",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Simple English",
+ [
+ "e",
+ "a",
+ "t",
+ "i",
+ "o",
+ "n",
+ "s",
+ "r",
+ "h",
+ "l",
+ "d",
+ "c",
+ "m",
+ "u",
+ "f",
+ "p",
+ "g",
+ "w",
+ "b",
+ "y",
+ "v",
+ "k",
+ "j",
+ "x",
+ "z",
+ "q",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Thai",
+ [
+ "า",
+ "น",
+ "ร",
+ "อ",
+ "ก",
+ "เ",
+ "ง",
+ "ม",
+ "ย",
+ "ล",
+ "ว",
+ "ด",
+ "ท",
+ "ส",
+ "ต",
+ "ะ",
+ "ป",
+ "บ",
+ "ค",
+ "ห",
+ "แ",
+ "จ",
+ "พ",
+ "ช",
+ "ข",
+ "ใ",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Greek",
+ [
+ "α",
+ "τ",
+ "ο",
+ "ι",
+ "ε",
+ "ν",
+ "ρ",
+ "σ",
+ "κ",
+ "η",
+ "π",
+ "ς",
+ "υ",
+ "μ",
+ "λ",
+ "ί",
+ "ό",
+ "ά",
+ "γ",
+ "έ",
+ "δ",
+ "ή",
+ "ω",
+ "χ",
+ "θ",
+ "ύ",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Tamil",
+ [
+ "க",
+ "த",
+ "ப",
+ "ட",
+ "ர",
+ "ம",
+ "ல",
+ "ன",
+ "வ",
+ "ற",
+ "ய",
+ "ள",
+ "ச",
+ "ந",
+ "இ",
+ "ண",
+ "அ",
+ "ஆ",
+ "ழ",
+ "ங",
+ "எ",
+ "உ",
+ "ஒ",
+ "ஸ",
+ ],
+ ),
+ (
+ "Classical Chinese",
+ [
+ "之",
+ "年",
+ "為",
+ "也",
+ "以",
+ "一",
+ "人",
+ "其",
+ "者",
+ "國",
+ "有",
+ "二",
+ "十",
+ "於",
+ "曰",
+ "三",
+ "不",
+ "大",
+ "而",
+ "子",
+ "中",
+ "五",
+ "四",
+ ],
+ ),
+ ]
+)
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/assets/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-38.pyc b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/assets/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-38.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..66ee2f756
Binary files /dev/null and b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/assets/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-38.pyc differ
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cd.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cd.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..78ecb2c6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cd.py
@@ -0,0 +1,293 @@
+import importlib
+from codecs import IncrementalDecoder
+from collections import Counter
+from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Set, Tuple
+
+from .assets import FREQUENCIES
+from .md import is_suspiciously_successive_range
+from .models import CoherenceMatches
+from .utils import is_multi_byte_encoding, is_unicode_range_secondary, unicode_range
+
+
+def encoding_unicode_range(iana_name: str) -> List[str]:
+ """
+ Return associated unicode ranges in a single byte code page.
+ """
+ if is_multi_byte_encoding(iana_name):
+ raise IOError("Function not supported on multi-byte code page")
+
+ decoder = importlib.import_module("encodings.{}".format(iana_name)).IncrementalDecoder # type: ignore
+
+ p = decoder(errors="ignore") # type: IncrementalDecoder
+ seen_ranges = set() # type: Set[str]
+
+ for i in range(48, 255):
+ chunk = p.decode(bytes([i])) # type: str
+
+ if chunk:
+ character_range = unicode_range(chunk) # type: Optional[str]
+
+ if character_range is None:
+ continue
+
+ if is_unicode_range_secondary(character_range) is False:
+ seen_ranges.add(character_range)
+
+ return sorted(list(seen_ranges))
+
+
+def unicode_range_languages(primary_range: str) -> List[str]:
+ """
+ Return inferred languages used with a unicode range.
+ """
+ languages = [] # type: List[str]
+
+ for language, characters in FREQUENCIES.items():
+ for character in characters:
+ if unicode_range(character) == primary_range:
+ languages.append(language)
+ break
+
+ return languages
+
+
+@lru_cache()
+def encoding_languages(iana_name: str) -> List[str]:
+ """
+ Single-byte encoding language association. Some code page are heavily linked to particular language(s).
+ This function does the correspondence.
+ """
+ unicode_ranges = encoding_unicode_range(iana_name) # type: List[str]
+ primary_range = None # type: Optional[str]
+
+ for specified_range in unicode_ranges:
+ if "Latin" not in specified_range:
+ primary_range = specified_range
+ break
+
+ if primary_range is None:
+ return ["Latin Based"]
+
+ return unicode_range_languages(primary_range)
+
+
+def mb_encoding_languages(iana_name: str) -> List[str]:
+ """
+ Multi-byte encoding language association. Some code page are heavily linked to particular language(s).
+ This function does the correspondence.
+ """
+ if (
+ iana_name.startswith("shift_")
+ or iana_name.startswith("iso2022_jp")
+ or iana_name.startswith("euc_j")
+ or iana_name in {"cp932"}
+ ):
+ return ["Japanese"]
+ if iana_name.startswith("gb") or iana_name in {"big5", "cp950", "big5hkscs"}:
+ return ["Chinese", "Classical Chinese"]
+ if iana_name.startswith("iso2022_kr") or iana_name in {"johab", "cp949", "euc_kr"}:
+ return ["Korean"]
+
+ return []
+
+
+def alphabet_languages(characters: List[str]) -> List[str]:
+ """
+ Return associated languages associated to given characters.
+ """
+ languages = [] # type: List[str]
+
+ for language, language_characters in FREQUENCIES.items():
+ character_match_count = 0 # type: int
+ character_count = len(language_characters) # type: int
+
+ for character in language_characters:
+ if character in characters:
+ character_match_count += 1
+
+ if character_match_count / character_count >= 0.2:
+ languages.append(language)
+
+ return languages
+
+
+def characters_popularity_compare(
+ language: str, ordered_characters: List[str]
+) -> float:
+ """
+ Determine if a ordered characters list (by occurrence from most appearance to rarest) match a particular language.
+ The result is a ratio between 0. (absolutely no correspondence) and 1. (near perfect fit).
+ Beware that is function is not strict on the match in order to ease the detection. (Meaning close match is 1.)
+ """
+ if language not in FREQUENCIES:
+ raise ValueError("{} not available".format(language))
+
+ character_approved_count = 0 # type: int
+
+ for character in ordered_characters:
+ if character not in FREQUENCIES[language]:
+ continue
+
+ characters_before_source = FREQUENCIES[language][
+ 0 : FREQUENCIES[language].index(character)
+ ] # type: List[str]
+ characters_after_source = FREQUENCIES[language][
+ FREQUENCIES[language].index(character) :
+ ] # type: List[str]
+
+ characters_before = ordered_characters[
+ 0 : ordered_characters.index(character)
+ ] # type: List[str]
+ characters_after = ordered_characters[
+ ordered_characters.index(character) :
+ ] # type: List[str]
+
+ before_match_count = [
+ e in characters_before for e in characters_before_source
+ ].count(
+ True
+ ) # type: int
+ after_match_count = [
+ e in characters_after for e in characters_after_source
+ ].count(
+ True
+ ) # type: int
+
+ if len(characters_before_source) == 0 and before_match_count <= 4:
+ character_approved_count += 1
+ continue
+
+ if len(characters_after_source) == 0 and after_match_count <= 4:
+ character_approved_count += 1
+ continue
+
+ if (
+ before_match_count / len(characters_before_source) >= 0.4
+ or after_match_count / len(characters_after_source) >= 0.4
+ ):
+ character_approved_count += 1
+ continue
+
+ return character_approved_count / len(ordered_characters)
+
+
+def alpha_unicode_split(decoded_sequence: str) -> List[str]:
+ """
+ Given a decoded text sequence, return a list of str. Unicode range / alphabet separation.
+ Ex. a text containing English/Latin with a bit a Hebrew will return two items in the resulting list;
+ One containing the latin letters and the other hebrew.
+ """
+ layers = {} # type: Dict[str, str]
+
+ for character in decoded_sequence:
+ if character.isalpha() is False:
+ continue
+
+ character_range = unicode_range(character) # type: Optional[str]
+
+ if character_range is None:
+ continue
+
+ layer_target_range = None # type: Optional[str]
+
+ for discovered_range in layers:
+ if (
+ is_suspiciously_successive_range(discovered_range, character_range)
+ is False
+ ):
+ layer_target_range = discovered_range
+ break
+
+ if layer_target_range is None:
+ layer_target_range = character_range
+
+ if layer_target_range not in layers:
+ layers[layer_target_range] = character.lower()
+ continue
+
+ layers[layer_target_range] += character.lower()
+
+ return list(layers.values())
+
+
+def merge_coherence_ratios(results: List[CoherenceMatches]) -> CoherenceMatches:
+ """
+ This function merge results previously given by the function coherence_ratio.
+ The return type is the same as coherence_ratio.
+ """
+ per_language_ratios = {} # type: Dict[str, List[float]]
+ merge = [] # type: CoherenceMatches
+
+ for result in results:
+ for sub_result in result:
+ language, ratio = sub_result
+ if language not in per_language_ratios:
+ per_language_ratios[language] = [ratio]
+ continue
+ per_language_ratios[language].append(ratio)
+
+ for language in per_language_ratios:
+ merge.append(
+ (
+ language,
+ round(
+ sum(per_language_ratios[language])
+ / len(per_language_ratios[language]),
+ 4,
+ ),
+ )
+ )
+
+ return sorted(merge, key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=2048)
+def coherence_ratio(
+ decoded_sequence: str, threshold: float = 0.1, lg_inclusion: Optional[str] = None
+) -> CoherenceMatches:
+ """
+ Detect ANY language that can be identified in given sequence. The sequence will be analysed by layers.
+ A layer = Character extraction by alphabets/ranges.
+ """
+
+ results = [] # type: List[Tuple[str, float]]
+ lg_inclusion_list = [] # type: List[str]
+
+ sufficient_match_count = 0 # type: int
+
+ if lg_inclusion is not None:
+ lg_inclusion_list = lg_inclusion.split(",")
+
+ if "Latin Based" in lg_inclusion_list:
+ lg_inclusion_list.remove("Latin Based")
+
+ for layer in alpha_unicode_split(decoded_sequence):
+ sequence_frequencies = Counter(layer) # type: Counter
+ most_common = sequence_frequencies.most_common()
+
+ character_count = sum([o for c, o in most_common]) # type: int
+
+ if character_count <= 32:
+ continue
+
+ popular_character_ordered = [c for c, o in most_common] # type: List[str]
+
+ for language in lg_inclusion_list or alphabet_languages(
+ popular_character_ordered
+ ):
+ ratio = characters_popularity_compare(
+ language, popular_character_ordered
+ ) # type: float
+
+ if ratio < threshold:
+ continue
+ elif ratio >= 0.8:
+ sufficient_match_count += 1
+
+ results.append((language, round(ratio, 4)))
+
+ if sufficient_match_count >= 3:
+ break
+
+ return sorted(results, key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cli/__init__.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cli/__init__.py
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index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cli/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-38.pyc b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cli/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-38.pyc
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index 000000000..03a231c4b
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diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cli/__pycache__/normalizer.cpython-38.pyc b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cli/__pycache__/normalizer.cpython-38.pyc
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diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cli/normalizer.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cli/normalizer.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f1911259c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cli/normalizer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+import argparse
+import sys
+from json import dumps
+from os.path import abspath
+from platform import python_version
+from typing import List
+
+from charset_normalizer import from_fp
+from charset_normalizer.models import CliDetectionResult
+from charset_normalizer.version import __version__
+
+
+def query_yes_no(question: str, default: str = "yes") -> bool:
+ """Ask a yes/no question via input() and return their answer.
+
+ "question" is a string that is presented to the user.
+ "default" is the presumed answer if the user just hits .
+ It must be "yes" (the default), "no" or None (meaning
+ an answer is required of the user).
+
+ The "answer" return value is True for "yes" or False for "no".
+
+ Credit goes to (c) https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3041986/apt-command-line-interface-like-yes-no-input
+ """
+ valid = {"yes": True, "y": True, "ye": True, "no": False, "n": False}
+ if default is None:
+ prompt = " [y/n] "
+ elif default == "yes":
+ prompt = " [Y/n] "
+ elif default == "no":
+ prompt = " [y/N] "
+ else:
+ raise ValueError("invalid default answer: '%s'" % default)
+
+ while True:
+ sys.stdout.write(question + prompt)
+ choice = input().lower()
+ if default is not None and choice == "":
+ return valid[default]
+ elif choice in valid:
+ return valid[choice]
+ else:
+ sys.stdout.write("Please respond with 'yes' or 'no' " "(or 'y' or 'n').\n")
+
+
+def cli_detect(argv: List[str] = None) -> int:
+ """
+ CLI assistant using ARGV and ArgumentParser
+ :param argv:
+ :return: 0 if everything is fine, anything else equal trouble
+ """
+ parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+ description="The Real First Universal Charset Detector. "
+ "Discover originating encoding used on text file. "
+ "Normalize text to unicode."
+ )
+
+ parser.add_argument(
+ "files", type=argparse.FileType("rb"), nargs="+", help="File(s) to be analysed"
+ )
+ parser.add_argument(
+ "-v",
+ "--verbose",
+ action="store_true",
+ default=False,
+ dest="verbose",
+ help="Display complementary information about file if any. "
+ "Stdout will contain logs about the detection process.",
+ )
+ parser.add_argument(
+ "-a",
+ "--with-alternative",
+ action="store_true",
+ default=False,
+ dest="alternatives",
+ help="Output complementary possibilities if any. Top-level JSON WILL be a list.",
+ )
+ parser.add_argument(
+ "-n",
+ "--normalize",
+ action="store_true",
+ default=False,
+ dest="normalize",
+ help="Permit to normalize input file. If not set, program does not write anything.",
+ )
+ parser.add_argument(
+ "-m",
+ "--minimal",
+ action="store_true",
+ default=False,
+ dest="minimal",
+ help="Only output the charset detected to STDOUT. Disabling JSON output.",
+ )
+ parser.add_argument(
+ "-r",
+ "--replace",
+ action="store_true",
+ default=False,
+ dest="replace",
+ help="Replace file when trying to normalize it instead of creating a new one.",
+ )
+ parser.add_argument(
+ "-f",
+ "--force",
+ action="store_true",
+ default=False,
+ dest="force",
+ help="Replace file without asking if you are sure, use this flag with caution.",
+ )
+ parser.add_argument(
+ "-t",
+ "--threshold",
+ action="store",
+ default=0.1,
+ type=float,
+ dest="threshold",
+ help="Define a custom maximum amount of chaos allowed in decoded content. 0. <= chaos <= 1.",
+ )
+ parser.add_argument(
+ "--version",
+ action="version",
+ version="Charset-Normalizer {} - Python {}".format(
+ __version__, python_version()
+ ),
+ help="Show version information and exit.",
+ )
+
+ args = parser.parse_args(argv)
+
+ if args.replace is True and args.normalize is False:
+ print("Use --replace in addition of --normalize only.", file=sys.stderr)
+ return 1
+
+ if args.force is True and args.replace is False:
+ print("Use --force in addition of --replace only.", file=sys.stderr)
+ return 1
+
+ if args.threshold < 0.0 or args.threshold > 1.0:
+ print("--threshold VALUE should be between 0. AND 1.", file=sys.stderr)
+ return 1
+
+ x_ = []
+
+ for my_file in args.files:
+
+ matches = from_fp(my_file, threshold=args.threshold, explain=args.verbose)
+
+ best_guess = matches.best()
+
+ if best_guess is None:
+ print(
+ 'Unable to identify originating encoding for "{}". {}'.format(
+ my_file.name,
+ "Maybe try increasing maximum amount of chaos."
+ if args.threshold < 1.0
+ else "",
+ ),
+ file=sys.stderr,
+ )
+ x_.append(
+ CliDetectionResult(
+ abspath(my_file.name),
+ None,
+ [],
+ [],
+ "Unknown",
+ [],
+ False,
+ 1.0,
+ 0.0,
+ None,
+ True,
+ )
+ )
+ else:
+ x_.append(
+ CliDetectionResult(
+ abspath(my_file.name),
+ best_guess.encoding,
+ best_guess.encoding_aliases,
+ [
+ cp
+ for cp in best_guess.could_be_from_charset
+ if cp != best_guess.encoding
+ ],
+ best_guess.language,
+ best_guess.alphabets,
+ best_guess.bom,
+ best_guess.percent_chaos,
+ best_guess.percent_coherence,
+ None,
+ True,
+ )
+ )
+
+ if len(matches) > 1 and args.alternatives:
+ for el in matches:
+ if el != best_guess:
+ x_.append(
+ CliDetectionResult(
+ abspath(my_file.name),
+ el.encoding,
+ el.encoding_aliases,
+ [
+ cp
+ for cp in el.could_be_from_charset
+ if cp != el.encoding
+ ],
+ el.language,
+ el.alphabets,
+ el.bom,
+ el.percent_chaos,
+ el.percent_coherence,
+ None,
+ False,
+ )
+ )
+
+ if args.normalize is True:
+
+ if best_guess.encoding.startswith("utf") is True:
+ print(
+ '"{}" file does not need to be normalized, as it already came from unicode.'.format(
+ my_file.name
+ ),
+ file=sys.stderr,
+ )
+ if my_file.closed is False:
+ my_file.close()
+ continue
+
+ o_ = my_file.name.split(".") # type: List[str]
+
+ if args.replace is False:
+ o_.insert(-1, best_guess.encoding)
+ if my_file.closed is False:
+ my_file.close()
+ else:
+ if (
+ args.force is False
+ and query_yes_no(
+ 'Are you sure to normalize "{}" by replacing it ?'.format(
+ my_file.name
+ ),
+ "no",
+ )
+ is False
+ ):
+ if my_file.closed is False:
+ my_file.close()
+ continue
+
+ try:
+ x_[0].unicode_path = abspath("./{}".format(".".join(o_)))
+
+ with open(x_[0].unicode_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as fp:
+ fp.write(str(best_guess))
+ except IOError as e:
+ print(str(e), file=sys.stderr)
+ if my_file.closed is False:
+ my_file.close()
+ return 2
+
+ if my_file.closed is False:
+ my_file.close()
+
+ if args.minimal is False:
+ print(
+ dumps(
+ [el.__dict__ for el in x_] if len(x_) > 1 else x_[0].__dict__,
+ ensure_ascii=True,
+ indent=4,
+ )
+ )
+ else:
+ for my_file in args.files:
+ print(
+ ", ".join(
+ [
+ el.encoding if el.encoding else "undefined"
+ for el in x_
+ if el.path == abspath(my_file.name)
+ ]
+ )
+ )
+
+ return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+ cli_detect()
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/constant.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/constant.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a0c202804
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/constant.py
@@ -0,0 +1,471 @@
+from codecs import BOM_UTF8, BOM_UTF16_BE, BOM_UTF16_LE, BOM_UTF32_BE, BOM_UTF32_LE
+from collections import OrderedDict
+from encodings.aliases import aliases
+from re import IGNORECASE, compile as re_compile
+from typing import Dict, List, Union
+
+# Contain for each eligible encoding a list of/item bytes SIG/BOM
+ENCODING_MARKS = OrderedDict(
+ [
+ ("utf_8", BOM_UTF8),
+ (
+ "utf_7",
+ [
+ b"\x2b\x2f\x76\x38",
+ b"\x2b\x2f\x76\x39",
+ b"\x2b\x2f\x76\x2b",
+ b"\x2b\x2f\x76\x2f",
+ b"\x2b\x2f\x76\x38\x2d",
+ ],
+ ),
+ ("gb18030", b"\x84\x31\x95\x33"),
+ ("utf_32", [BOM_UTF32_BE, BOM_UTF32_LE]),
+ ("utf_16", [BOM_UTF16_BE, BOM_UTF16_LE]),
+ ]
+) # type: Dict[str, Union[bytes, List[bytes]]]
+
+TOO_SMALL_SEQUENCE = 32 # type: int
+TOO_BIG_SEQUENCE = int(10e6) # type: int
+
+UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION = 1112064 # type: int
+
+UNICODE_RANGES_COMBINED = {
+ "Control character": range(0, 31 + 1),
+ "Basic Latin": range(32, 127 + 1),
+ "Latin-1 Supplement": range(128, 255 + 1),
+ "Latin Extended-A": range(256, 383 + 1),
+ "Latin Extended-B": range(384, 591 + 1),
+ "IPA Extensions": range(592, 687 + 1),
+ "Spacing Modifier Letters": range(688, 767 + 1),
+ "Combining Diacritical Marks": range(768, 879 + 1),
+ "Greek and Coptic": range(880, 1023 + 1),
+ "Cyrillic": range(1024, 1279 + 1),
+ "Cyrillic Supplement": range(1280, 1327 + 1),
+ "Armenian": range(1328, 1423 + 1),
+ "Hebrew": range(1424, 1535 + 1),
+ "Arabic": range(1536, 1791 + 1),
+ "Syriac": range(1792, 1871 + 1),
+ "Arabic Supplement": range(1872, 1919 + 1),
+ "Thaana": range(1920, 1983 + 1),
+ "NKo": range(1984, 2047 + 1),
+ "Samaritan": range(2048, 2111 + 1),
+ "Mandaic": range(2112, 2143 + 1),
+ "Syriac Supplement": range(2144, 2159 + 1),
+ "Arabic Extended-A": range(2208, 2303 + 1),
+ "Devanagari": range(2304, 2431 + 1),
+ "Bengali": range(2432, 2559 + 1),
+ "Gurmukhi": range(2560, 2687 + 1),
+ "Gujarati": range(2688, 2815 + 1),
+ "Oriya": range(2816, 2943 + 1),
+ "Tamil": range(2944, 3071 + 1),
+ "Telugu": range(3072, 3199 + 1),
+ "Kannada": range(3200, 3327 + 1),
+ "Malayalam": range(3328, 3455 + 1),
+ "Sinhala": range(3456, 3583 + 1),
+ "Thai": range(3584, 3711 + 1),
+ "Lao": range(3712, 3839 + 1),
+ "Tibetan": range(3840, 4095 + 1),
+ "Myanmar": range(4096, 4255 + 1),
+ "Georgian": range(4256, 4351 + 1),
+ "Hangul Jamo": range(4352, 4607 + 1),
+ "Ethiopic": range(4608, 4991 + 1),
+ "Ethiopic Supplement": range(4992, 5023 + 1),
+ "Cherokee": range(5024, 5119 + 1),
+ "Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics": range(5120, 5759 + 1),
+ "Ogham": range(5760, 5791 + 1),
+ "Runic": range(5792, 5887 + 1),
+ "Tagalog": range(5888, 5919 + 1),
+ "Hanunoo": range(5920, 5951 + 1),
+ "Buhid": range(5952, 5983 + 1),
+ "Tagbanwa": range(5984, 6015 + 1),
+ "Khmer": range(6016, 6143 + 1),
+ "Mongolian": range(6144, 6319 + 1),
+ "Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics Extended": range(6320, 6399 + 1),
+ "Limbu": range(6400, 6479 + 1),
+ "Tai Le": range(6480, 6527 + 1),
+ "New Tai Lue": range(6528, 6623 + 1),
+ "Khmer Symbols": range(6624, 6655 + 1),
+ "Buginese": range(6656, 6687 + 1),
+ "Tai Tham": range(6688, 6831 + 1),
+ "Combining Diacritical Marks Extended": range(6832, 6911 + 1),
+ "Balinese": range(6912, 7039 + 1),
+ "Sundanese": range(7040, 7103 + 1),
+ "Batak": range(7104, 7167 + 1),
+ "Lepcha": range(7168, 7247 + 1),
+ "Ol Chiki": range(7248, 7295 + 1),
+ "Cyrillic Extended C": range(7296, 7311 + 1),
+ "Sundanese Supplement": range(7360, 7375 + 1),
+ "Vedic Extensions": range(7376, 7423 + 1),
+ "Phonetic Extensions": range(7424, 7551 + 1),
+ "Phonetic Extensions Supplement": range(7552, 7615 + 1),
+ "Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement": range(7616, 7679 + 1),
+ "Latin Extended Additional": range(7680, 7935 + 1),
+ "Greek Extended": range(7936, 8191 + 1),
+ "General Punctuation": range(8192, 8303 + 1),
+ "Superscripts and Subscripts": range(8304, 8351 + 1),
+ "Currency Symbols": range(8352, 8399 + 1),
+ "Combining Diacritical Marks for Symbols": range(8400, 8447 + 1),
+ "Letterlike Symbols": range(8448, 8527 + 1),
+ "Number Forms": range(8528, 8591 + 1),
+ "Arrows": range(8592, 8703 + 1),
+ "Mathematical Operators": range(8704, 8959 + 1),
+ "Miscellaneous Technical": range(8960, 9215 + 1),
+ "Control Pictures": range(9216, 9279 + 1),
+ "Optical Character Recognition": range(9280, 9311 + 1),
+ "Enclosed Alphanumerics": range(9312, 9471 + 1),
+ "Box Drawing": range(9472, 9599 + 1),
+ "Block Elements": range(9600, 9631 + 1),
+ "Geometric Shapes": range(9632, 9727 + 1),
+ "Miscellaneous Symbols": range(9728, 9983 + 1),
+ "Dingbats": range(9984, 10175 + 1),
+ "Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-A": range(10176, 10223 + 1),
+ "Supplemental Arrows-A": range(10224, 10239 + 1),
+ "Braille Patterns": range(10240, 10495 + 1),
+ "Supplemental Arrows-B": range(10496, 10623 + 1),
+ "Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-B": range(10624, 10751 + 1),
+ "Supplemental Mathematical Operators": range(10752, 11007 + 1),
+ "Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows": range(11008, 11263 + 1),
+ "Glagolitic": range(11264, 11359 + 1),
+ "Latin Extended-C": range(11360, 11391 + 1),
+ "Coptic": range(11392, 11519 + 1),
+ "Georgian Supplement": range(11520, 11567 + 1),
+ "Tifinagh": range(11568, 11647 + 1),
+ "Ethiopic Extended": range(11648, 11743 + 1),
+ "Cyrillic Extended-A": range(11744, 11775 + 1),
+ "Supplemental Punctuation": range(11776, 11903 + 1),
+ "CJK Radicals Supplement": range(11904, 12031 + 1),
+ "Kangxi Radicals": range(12032, 12255 + 1),
+ "Ideographic Description Characters": range(12272, 12287 + 1),
+ "CJK Symbols and Punctuation": range(12288, 12351 + 1),
+ "Hiragana": range(12352, 12447 + 1),
+ "Katakana": range(12448, 12543 + 1),
+ "Bopomofo": range(12544, 12591 + 1),
+ "Hangul Compatibility Jamo": range(12592, 12687 + 1),
+ "Kanbun": range(12688, 12703 + 1),
+ "Bopomofo Extended": range(12704, 12735 + 1),
+ "CJK Strokes": range(12736, 12783 + 1),
+ "Katakana Phonetic Extensions": range(12784, 12799 + 1),
+ "Enclosed CJK Letters and Months": range(12800, 13055 + 1),
+ "CJK Compatibility": range(13056, 13311 + 1),
+ "CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A": range(13312, 19903 + 1),
+ "Yijing Hexagram Symbols": range(19904, 19967 + 1),
+ "CJK Unified Ideographs": range(19968, 40959 + 1),
+ "Yi Syllables": range(40960, 42127 + 1),
+ "Yi Radicals": range(42128, 42191 + 1),
+ "Lisu": range(42192, 42239 + 1),
+ "Vai": range(42240, 42559 + 1),
+ "Cyrillic Extended-B": range(42560, 42655 + 1),
+ "Bamum": range(42656, 42751 + 1),
+ "Modifier Tone Letters": range(42752, 42783 + 1),
+ "Latin Extended-D": range(42784, 43007 + 1),
+ "Syloti Nagri": range(43008, 43055 + 1),
+ "Common Indic Number Forms": range(43056, 43071 + 1),
+ "Phags-pa": range(43072, 43135 + 1),
+ "Saurashtra": range(43136, 43231 + 1),
+ "Devanagari Extended": range(43232, 43263 + 1),
+ "Kayah Li": range(43264, 43311 + 1),
+ "Rejang": range(43312, 43359 + 1),
+ "Hangul Jamo Extended-A": range(43360, 43391 + 1),
+ "Javanese": range(43392, 43487 + 1),
+ "Myanmar Extended-B": range(43488, 43519 + 1),
+ "Cham": range(43520, 43615 + 1),
+ "Myanmar Extended-A": range(43616, 43647 + 1),
+ "Tai Viet": range(43648, 43743 + 1),
+ "Meetei Mayek Extensions": range(43744, 43775 + 1),
+ "Ethiopic Extended-A": range(43776, 43823 + 1),
+ "Latin Extended-E": range(43824, 43887 + 1),
+ "Cherokee Supplement": range(43888, 43967 + 1),
+ "Meetei Mayek": range(43968, 44031 + 1),
+ "Hangul Syllables": range(44032, 55215 + 1),
+ "Hangul Jamo Extended-B": range(55216, 55295 + 1),
+ "High Surrogates": range(55296, 56191 + 1),
+ "High Private Use Surrogates": range(56192, 56319 + 1),
+ "Low Surrogates": range(56320, 57343 + 1),
+ "Private Use Area": range(57344, 63743 + 1),
+ "CJK Compatibility Ideographs": range(63744, 64255 + 1),
+ "Alphabetic Presentation Forms": range(64256, 64335 + 1),
+ "Arabic Presentation Forms-A": range(64336, 65023 + 1),
+ "Variation Selectors": range(65024, 65039 + 1),
+ "Vertical Forms": range(65040, 65055 + 1),
+ "Combining Half Marks": range(65056, 65071 + 1),
+ "CJK Compatibility Forms": range(65072, 65103 + 1),
+ "Small Form Variants": range(65104, 65135 + 1),
+ "Arabic Presentation Forms-B": range(65136, 65279 + 1),
+ "Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms": range(65280, 65519 + 1),
+ "Specials": range(65520, 65535 + 1),
+ "Linear B Syllabary": range(65536, 65663 + 1),
+ "Linear B Ideograms": range(65664, 65791 + 1),
+ "Aegean Numbers": range(65792, 65855 + 1),
+ "Ancient Greek Numbers": range(65856, 65935 + 1),
+ "Ancient Symbols": range(65936, 65999 + 1),
+ "Phaistos Disc": range(66000, 66047 + 1),
+ "Lycian": range(66176, 66207 + 1),
+ "Carian": range(66208, 66271 + 1),
+ "Coptic Epact Numbers": range(66272, 66303 + 1),
+ "Old Italic": range(66304, 66351 + 1),
+ "Gothic": range(66352, 66383 + 1),
+ "Old Permic": range(66384, 66431 + 1),
+ "Ugaritic": range(66432, 66463 + 1),
+ "Old Persian": range(66464, 66527 + 1),
+ "Deseret": range(66560, 66639 + 1),
+ "Shavian": range(66640, 66687 + 1),
+ "Osmanya": range(66688, 66735 + 1),
+ "Osage": range(66736, 66815 + 1),
+ "Elbasan": range(66816, 66863 + 1),
+ "Caucasian Albanian": range(66864, 66927 + 1),
+ "Linear A": range(67072, 67455 + 1),
+ "Cypriot Syllabary": range(67584, 67647 + 1),
+ "Imperial Aramaic": range(67648, 67679 + 1),
+ "Palmyrene": range(67680, 67711 + 1),
+ "Nabataean": range(67712, 67759 + 1),
+ "Hatran": range(67808, 67839 + 1),
+ "Phoenician": range(67840, 67871 + 1),
+ "Lydian": range(67872, 67903 + 1),
+ "Meroitic Hieroglyphs": range(67968, 67999 + 1),
+ "Meroitic Cursive": range(68000, 68095 + 1),
+ "Kharoshthi": range(68096, 68191 + 1),
+ "Old South Arabian": range(68192, 68223 + 1),
+ "Old North Arabian": range(68224, 68255 + 1),
+ "Manichaean": range(68288, 68351 + 1),
+ "Avestan": range(68352, 68415 + 1),
+ "Inscriptional Parthian": range(68416, 68447 + 1),
+ "Inscriptional Pahlavi": range(68448, 68479 + 1),
+ "Psalter Pahlavi": range(68480, 68527 + 1),
+ "Old Turkic": range(68608, 68687 + 1),
+ "Old Hungarian": range(68736, 68863 + 1),
+ "Rumi Numeral Symbols": range(69216, 69247 + 1),
+ "Brahmi": range(69632, 69759 + 1),
+ "Kaithi": range(69760, 69839 + 1),
+ "Sora Sompeng": range(69840, 69887 + 1),
+ "Chakma": range(69888, 69967 + 1),
+ "Mahajani": range(69968, 70015 + 1),
+ "Sharada": range(70016, 70111 + 1),
+ "Sinhala Archaic Numbers": range(70112, 70143 + 1),
+ "Khojki": range(70144, 70223 + 1),
+ "Multani": range(70272, 70319 + 1),
+ "Khudawadi": range(70320, 70399 + 1),
+ "Grantha": range(70400, 70527 + 1),
+ "Newa": range(70656, 70783 + 1),
+ "Tirhuta": range(70784, 70879 + 1),
+ "Siddham": range(71040, 71167 + 1),
+ "Modi": range(71168, 71263 + 1),
+ "Mongolian Supplement": range(71264, 71295 + 1),
+ "Takri": range(71296, 71375 + 1),
+ "Ahom": range(71424, 71487 + 1),
+ "Warang Citi": range(71840, 71935 + 1),
+ "Zanabazar Square": range(72192, 72271 + 1),
+ "Soyombo": range(72272, 72367 + 1),
+ "Pau Cin Hau": range(72384, 72447 + 1),
+ "Bhaiksuki": range(72704, 72815 + 1),
+ "Marchen": range(72816, 72895 + 1),
+ "Masaram Gondi": range(72960, 73055 + 1),
+ "Cuneiform": range(73728, 74751 + 1),
+ "Cuneiform Numbers and Punctuation": range(74752, 74879 + 1),
+ "Early Dynastic Cuneiform": range(74880, 75087 + 1),
+ "Egyptian Hieroglyphs": range(77824, 78895 + 1),
+ "Anatolian Hieroglyphs": range(82944, 83583 + 1),
+ "Bamum Supplement": range(92160, 92735 + 1),
+ "Mro": range(92736, 92783 + 1),
+ "Bassa Vah": range(92880, 92927 + 1),
+ "Pahawh Hmong": range(92928, 93071 + 1),
+ "Miao": range(93952, 94111 + 1),
+ "Ideographic Symbols and Punctuation": range(94176, 94207 + 1),
+ "Tangut": range(94208, 100351 + 1),
+ "Tangut Components": range(100352, 101119 + 1),
+ "Kana Supplement": range(110592, 110847 + 1),
+ "Kana Extended-A": range(110848, 110895 + 1),
+ "Nushu": range(110960, 111359 + 1),
+ "Duployan": range(113664, 113823 + 1),
+ "Shorthand Format Controls": range(113824, 113839 + 1),
+ "Byzantine Musical Symbols": range(118784, 119039 + 1),
+ "Musical Symbols": range(119040, 119295 + 1),
+ "Ancient Greek Musical Notation": range(119296, 119375 + 1),
+ "Tai Xuan Jing Symbols": range(119552, 119647 + 1),
+ "Counting Rod Numerals": range(119648, 119679 + 1),
+ "Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols": range(119808, 120831 + 1),
+ "Sutton SignWriting": range(120832, 121519 + 1),
+ "Glagolitic Supplement": range(122880, 122927 + 1),
+ "Mende Kikakui": range(124928, 125151 + 1),
+ "Adlam": range(125184, 125279 + 1),
+ "Arabic Mathematical Alphabetic Symbols": range(126464, 126719 + 1),
+ "Mahjong Tiles": range(126976, 127023 + 1),
+ "Domino Tiles": range(127024, 127135 + 1),
+ "Playing Cards": range(127136, 127231 + 1),
+ "Enclosed Alphanumeric Supplement": range(127232, 127487 + 1),
+ "Enclosed Ideographic Supplement": range(127488, 127743 + 1),
+ "Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs": range(127744, 128511 + 1),
+ "Emoticons range(Emoji)": range(128512, 128591 + 1),
+ "Ornamental Dingbats": range(128592, 128639 + 1),
+ "Transport and Map Symbols": range(128640, 128767 + 1),
+ "Alchemical Symbols": range(128768, 128895 + 1),
+ "Geometric Shapes Extended": range(128896, 129023 + 1),
+ "Supplemental Arrows-C": range(129024, 129279 + 1),
+ "Supplemental Symbols and Pictographs": range(129280, 129535 + 1),
+ "CJK Unified Ideographs Extension B": range(131072, 173791 + 1),
+ "CJK Unified Ideographs Extension C": range(173824, 177983 + 1),
+ "CJK Unified Ideographs Extension D": range(177984, 178207 + 1),
+ "CJK Unified Ideographs Extension E": range(178208, 183983 + 1),
+ "CJK Unified Ideographs Extension F": range(183984, 191471 + 1),
+ "CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement": range(194560, 195103 + 1),
+ "Tags": range(917504, 917631 + 1),
+ "Variation Selectors Supplement": range(917760, 917999 + 1),
+} # type: Dict[str, range]
+
+UNICODE_SECONDARY_RANGE_KEYWORD = [
+ "Supplement",
+ "Extended",
+ "Extensions",
+ "Modifier",
+ "Marks",
+ "Punctuation",
+ "Symbols",
+ "Forms",
+ "Operators",
+ "Miscellaneous",
+ "Drawing",
+ "Block",
+ "Shapes",
+ "Supplemental",
+ "Tags",
+] # type: List[str]
+
+RE_POSSIBLE_ENCODING_INDICATION = re_compile(
+ r"(?:(?:encoding)|(?:charset)|(?:coding))(?:[\:= ]{1,10})(?:[\"\']?)([a-zA-Z0-9\-_]+)(?:[\"\']?)",
+ IGNORECASE,
+)
+
+IANA_SUPPORTED = sorted(
+ filter(
+ lambda x: x.endswith("_codec") is False
+ and x not in {"rot_13", "tactis", "mbcs"},
+ list(set(aliases.values())),
+ )
+) # type: List[str]
+
+IANA_SUPPORTED_COUNT = len(IANA_SUPPORTED) # type: int
+
+# pre-computed code page that are similar using the function cp_similarity.
+IANA_SUPPORTED_SIMILAR = {
+ "cp037": ["cp1026", "cp1140", "cp273", "cp500"],
+ "cp1026": ["cp037", "cp1140", "cp273", "cp500"],
+ "cp1125": ["cp866"],
+ "cp1140": ["cp037", "cp1026", "cp273", "cp500"],
+ "cp1250": ["iso8859_2"],
+ "cp1251": ["kz1048", "ptcp154"],
+ "cp1252": ["cp1258", "iso8859_15", "iso8859_9", "latin_1"],
+ "cp1253": ["iso8859_7"],
+ "cp1254": ["cp1258", "iso8859_15", "iso8859_9", "latin_1"],
+ "cp1257": ["iso8859_13"],
+ "cp1258": ["cp1252", "cp1254", "iso8859_9", "latin_1"],
+ "cp273": ["cp037", "cp1026", "cp1140", "cp500"],
+ "cp437": ["cp850", "cp858", "cp860", "cp861", "cp862", "cp863", "cp865"],
+ "cp500": ["cp037", "cp1026", "cp1140", "cp273"],
+ "cp850": ["cp437", "cp857", "cp858", "cp865"],
+ "cp857": ["cp850", "cp858", "cp865"],
+ "cp858": ["cp437", "cp850", "cp857", "cp865"],
+ "cp860": ["cp437", "cp861", "cp862", "cp863", "cp865"],
+ "cp861": ["cp437", "cp860", "cp862", "cp863", "cp865"],
+ "cp862": ["cp437", "cp860", "cp861", "cp863", "cp865"],
+ "cp863": ["cp437", "cp860", "cp861", "cp862", "cp865"],
+ "cp865": ["cp437", "cp850", "cp857", "cp858", "cp860", "cp861", "cp862", "cp863"],
+ "cp866": ["cp1125"],
+ "iso8859_10": ["iso8859_14", "iso8859_15", "iso8859_4", "iso8859_9", "latin_1"],
+ "iso8859_11": ["tis_620"],
+ "iso8859_13": ["cp1257"],
+ "iso8859_14": [
+ "iso8859_10",
+ "iso8859_15",
+ "iso8859_16",
+ "iso8859_3",
+ "iso8859_9",
+ "latin_1",
+ ],
+ "iso8859_15": [
+ "cp1252",
+ "cp1254",
+ "iso8859_10",
+ "iso8859_14",
+ "iso8859_16",
+ "iso8859_3",
+ "iso8859_9",
+ "latin_1",
+ ],
+ "iso8859_16": [
+ "iso8859_14",
+ "iso8859_15",
+ "iso8859_2",
+ "iso8859_3",
+ "iso8859_9",
+ "latin_1",
+ ],
+ "iso8859_2": ["cp1250", "iso8859_16", "iso8859_4"],
+ "iso8859_3": ["iso8859_14", "iso8859_15", "iso8859_16", "iso8859_9", "latin_1"],
+ "iso8859_4": ["iso8859_10", "iso8859_2", "iso8859_9", "latin_1"],
+ "iso8859_7": ["cp1253"],
+ "iso8859_9": [
+ "cp1252",
+ "cp1254",
+ "cp1258",
+ "iso8859_10",
+ "iso8859_14",
+ "iso8859_15",
+ "iso8859_16",
+ "iso8859_3",
+ "iso8859_4",
+ "latin_1",
+ ],
+ "kz1048": ["cp1251", "ptcp154"],
+ "latin_1": [
+ "cp1252",
+ "cp1254",
+ "cp1258",
+ "iso8859_10",
+ "iso8859_14",
+ "iso8859_15",
+ "iso8859_16",
+ "iso8859_3",
+ "iso8859_4",
+ "iso8859_9",
+ ],
+ "mac_iceland": ["mac_roman", "mac_turkish"],
+ "mac_roman": ["mac_iceland", "mac_turkish"],
+ "mac_turkish": ["mac_iceland", "mac_roman"],
+ "ptcp154": ["cp1251", "kz1048"],
+ "tis_620": ["iso8859_11"],
+} # type: Dict[str, List[str]]
+
+
+CHARDET_CORRESPONDENCE = {
+ "iso2022_kr": "ISO-2022-KR",
+ "iso2022_jp": "ISO-2022-JP",
+ "euc_kr": "EUC-KR",
+ "tis_620": "TIS-620",
+ "utf_32": "UTF-32",
+ "euc_jp": "EUC-JP",
+ "koi8_r": "KOI8-R",
+ "iso8859_1": "ISO-8859-1",
+ "iso8859_2": "ISO-8859-2",
+ "iso8859_5": "ISO-8859-5",
+ "iso8859_6": "ISO-8859-6",
+ "iso8859_7": "ISO-8859-7",
+ "iso8859_8": "ISO-8859-8",
+ "utf_16": "UTF-16",
+ "cp855": "IBM855",
+ "mac_cyrillic": "MacCyrillic",
+ "gb2312": "GB2312",
+ "gb18030": "GB18030",
+ "cp932": "CP932",
+ "cp866": "IBM866",
+ "utf_8": "utf-8",
+ "utf_8_sig": "UTF-8-SIG",
+ "shift_jis": "SHIFT_JIS",
+ "big5": "Big5",
+ "cp1250": "windows-1250",
+ "cp1251": "windows-1251",
+ "cp1252": "Windows-1252",
+ "cp1253": "windows-1253",
+ "cp1255": "windows-1255",
+ "cp1256": "windows-1256",
+ "cp1254": "Windows-1254",
+ "cp949": "CP949",
+} # type: Dict[str, str]
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/legacy.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/legacy.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..71fa3cf8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/legacy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+import warnings
+from typing import Dict, Optional, Union
+
+from .api import from_bytes, from_fp, from_path, normalize
+from .constant import CHARDET_CORRESPONDENCE
+from .models import CharsetMatch, CharsetMatches
+
+
+def detect(byte_str: bytes) -> Dict[str, Optional[Union[str, float]]]:
+ """
+ chardet legacy method
+ Detect the encoding of the given byte string. It should be mostly backward-compatible.
+ Encoding name will match Chardet own writing whenever possible. (Not on encoding name unsupported by it)
+ This function is deprecated and should be used to migrate your project easily, consult the documentation for
+ further information. Not planned for removal.
+
+ :param byte_str: The byte sequence to examine.
+ """
+ if not isinstance(byte_str, (bytearray, bytes)):
+ raise TypeError(
+ "Expected object of type bytes or bytearray, got: "
+ "{0}".format(type(byte_str))
+ )
+
+ if isinstance(byte_str, bytearray):
+ byte_str = bytes(byte_str)
+
+ r = from_bytes(byte_str).best()
+
+ encoding = r.encoding if r is not None else None
+ language = r.language if r is not None and r.language != "Unknown" else ""
+ confidence = 1.0 - r.chaos if r is not None else None
+
+ # Note: CharsetNormalizer does not return 'UTF-8-SIG' as the sig get stripped in the detection/normalization process
+ # but chardet does return 'utf-8-sig' and it is a valid codec name.
+ if r is not None and encoding == "utf_8" and r.bom:
+ encoding += "_sig"
+
+ return {
+ "encoding": encoding
+ if encoding not in CHARDET_CORRESPONDENCE
+ else CHARDET_CORRESPONDENCE[encoding],
+ "language": language,
+ "confidence": confidence,
+ }
+
+
+class CharsetNormalizerMatch(CharsetMatch):
+ pass
+
+
+class CharsetNormalizerMatches(CharsetMatches):
+ @staticmethod
+ def from_fp(*args, **kwargs): # type: ignore
+ warnings.warn(
+ "staticmethod from_fp, from_bytes, from_path and normalize are deprecated "
+ "and scheduled to be removed in 3.0",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ )
+ return from_fp(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ @staticmethod
+ def from_bytes(*args, **kwargs): # type: ignore
+ warnings.warn(
+ "staticmethod from_fp, from_bytes, from_path and normalize are deprecated "
+ "and scheduled to be removed in 3.0",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ )
+ return from_bytes(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ @staticmethod
+ def from_path(*args, **kwargs): # type: ignore
+ warnings.warn(
+ "staticmethod from_fp, from_bytes, from_path and normalize are deprecated "
+ "and scheduled to be removed in 3.0",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ )
+ return from_path(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ @staticmethod
+ def normalize(*args, **kwargs): # type: ignore
+ warnings.warn(
+ "staticmethod from_fp, from_bytes, from_path and normalize are deprecated "
+ "and scheduled to be removed in 3.0",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ )
+ return normalize(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+class CharsetDetector(CharsetNormalizerMatches):
+ pass
+
+
+class CharsetDoctor(CharsetNormalizerMatches):
+ pass
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/md.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/md.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..af3852b57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/md.py
@@ -0,0 +1,570 @@
+from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+from .constant import UNICODE_SECONDARY_RANGE_KEYWORD
+from .utils import (
+ is_accentuated,
+ is_ascii,
+ is_case_variable,
+ is_cjk,
+ is_emoticon,
+ is_hangul,
+ is_hiragana,
+ is_katakana,
+ is_latin,
+ is_punctuation,
+ is_separator,
+ is_symbol,
+ is_thai,
+ remove_accent,
+ unicode_range,
+)
+
+
+class MessDetectorPlugin:
+ """
+ Base abstract class used for mess detection plugins.
+ All detectors MUST extend and implement given methods.
+ """
+
+ def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+ """
+ Determine if given character should be fed in.
+ """
+ raise NotImplementedError # pragma: nocover
+
+ def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+ """
+ The main routine to be executed upon character.
+ Insert the logic in witch the text would be considered chaotic.
+ """
+ raise NotImplementedError # pragma: nocover
+
+ def reset(self) -> None:
+ """
+ Permit to reset the plugin to the initial state.
+ """
+ raise NotImplementedError # pragma: nocover
+
+ @property
+ def ratio(self) -> float:
+ """
+ Compute the chaos ratio based on what your feed() has seen.
+ Must NOT be lower than 0.; No restriction gt 0.
+ """
+ raise NotImplementedError # pragma: nocover
+
+
+class TooManySymbolOrPunctuationPlugin(MessDetectorPlugin):
+ def __init__(self) -> None:
+ self._punctuation_count = 0 # type: int
+ self._symbol_count = 0 # type: int
+ self._character_count = 0 # type: int
+
+ self._last_printable_char = None # type: Optional[str]
+ self._frenzy_symbol_in_word = False # type: bool
+
+ def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+ return character.isprintable()
+
+ def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+ self._character_count += 1
+
+ if character != self._last_printable_char and character not in [
+ "<",
+ ">",
+ "=",
+ ":",
+ "/",
+ "&",
+ ";",
+ "{",
+ "}",
+ "[",
+ "]",
+ ",",
+ "|",
+ '"',
+ "-",
+ ]:
+ if is_punctuation(character):
+ self._punctuation_count += 1
+ elif (
+ character.isdigit() is False
+ and is_symbol(character)
+ and is_emoticon(character) is False
+ ):
+ self._symbol_count += 2
+
+ self._last_printable_char = character
+
+ def reset(self) -> None:
+ self._punctuation_count = 0
+ self._character_count = 0
+ self._symbol_count = 0
+
+ @property
+ def ratio(self) -> float:
+ if self._character_count == 0:
+ return 0.0
+
+ ratio_of_punctuation = (
+ self._punctuation_count + self._symbol_count
+ ) / self._character_count # type: float
+
+ return ratio_of_punctuation if ratio_of_punctuation >= 0.3 else 0.0
+
+
+class TooManyAccentuatedPlugin(MessDetectorPlugin):
+ def __init__(self) -> None:
+ self._character_count = 0 # type: int
+ self._accentuated_count = 0 # type: int
+
+ def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+ return character.isalpha()
+
+ def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+ self._character_count += 1
+
+ if is_accentuated(character):
+ self._accentuated_count += 1
+
+ def reset(self) -> None:
+ self._character_count = 0
+ self._accentuated_count = 0
+
+ @property
+ def ratio(self) -> float:
+ if self._character_count == 0:
+ return 0.0
+ ratio_of_accentuation = (
+ self._accentuated_count / self._character_count
+ ) # type: float
+ return ratio_of_accentuation if ratio_of_accentuation >= 0.35 else 0.0
+
+
+class UnprintablePlugin(MessDetectorPlugin):
+ def __init__(self) -> None:
+ self._unprintable_count = 0 # type: int
+ self._character_count = 0 # type: int
+
+ def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+ return True
+
+ def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+ if (
+ character not in {"\n", "\t", "\r", "\v"}
+ and character.isprintable() is False
+ and character.isspace() is False
+ and ord(character) != 0x1A # Why? Its the ASCII substitute character.
+ ):
+ self._unprintable_count += 1
+ self._character_count += 1
+
+ def reset(self) -> None:
+ self._unprintable_count = 0
+
+ @property
+ def ratio(self) -> float:
+ if self._character_count == 0:
+ return 0.0
+
+ return (self._unprintable_count * 8) / self._character_count
+
+
+class SuspiciousDuplicateAccentPlugin(MessDetectorPlugin):
+ def __init__(self) -> None:
+ self._successive_count = 0 # type: int
+ self._character_count = 0 # type: int
+
+ self._last_latin_character = None # type: Optional[str]
+
+ def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+ return character.isalpha() and is_latin(character)
+
+ def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+ self._character_count += 1
+ if self._last_latin_character is not None:
+ if is_accentuated(character) and is_accentuated(self._last_latin_character):
+ if character.isupper() and self._last_latin_character.isupper():
+ self._successive_count += 1
+ # Worse if its the same char duplicated with different accent.
+ if remove_accent(character) == remove_accent(
+ self._last_latin_character
+ ):
+ self._successive_count += 1
+ self._last_latin_character = character
+
+ def reset(self) -> None:
+ self._successive_count = 0
+ self._character_count = 0
+ self._last_latin_character = None
+
+ @property
+ def ratio(self) -> float:
+ if self._character_count == 0:
+ return 0.0
+
+ return (self._successive_count * 2) / self._character_count
+
+
+class SuspiciousRange(MessDetectorPlugin):
+ def __init__(self) -> None:
+ self._suspicious_successive_range_count = 0 # type: int
+ self._character_count = 0 # type: int
+ self._last_printable_seen = None # type: Optional[str]
+
+ def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+ return character.isprintable()
+
+ def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+ self._character_count += 1
+
+ if (
+ character.isspace()
+ or is_punctuation(character)
+ or character
+ in [
+ "<",
+ ">",
+ "=",
+ ":",
+ "/",
+ "&",
+ ";",
+ "{",
+ "}",
+ "[",
+ "]",
+ ",",
+ "|",
+ '"',
+ "-",
+ ]
+ ):
+ self._last_printable_seen = None
+ return
+
+ if self._last_printable_seen is None:
+ self._last_printable_seen = character
+ return
+
+ unicode_range_a = unicode_range(
+ self._last_printable_seen
+ ) # type: Optional[str]
+ unicode_range_b = unicode_range(character) # type: Optional[str]
+
+ if is_suspiciously_successive_range(unicode_range_a, unicode_range_b):
+ self._suspicious_successive_range_count += 1
+
+ self._last_printable_seen = character
+
+ def reset(self) -> None:
+ self._character_count = 0
+ self._suspicious_successive_range_count = 0
+ self._last_printable_seen = None
+
+ @property
+ def ratio(self) -> float:
+ if self._character_count == 0:
+ return 0.0
+
+ ratio_of_suspicious_range_usage = (
+ self._suspicious_successive_range_count * 2
+ ) / self._character_count # type: float
+
+ if ratio_of_suspicious_range_usage < 0.1:
+ return 0.0
+
+ return ratio_of_suspicious_range_usage
+
+
+class SuperWeirdWordPlugin(MessDetectorPlugin):
+ def __init__(self) -> None:
+ self._word_count = 0 # type: int
+ self._bad_word_count = 0 # type: int
+ self._is_current_word_bad = False # type: bool
+ self._foreign_long_watch = False # type: bool
+
+ self._character_count = 0 # type: int
+ self._bad_character_count = 0 # type: int
+
+ self._buffer = "" # type: str
+ self._buffer_accent_count = 0 # type: int
+
+ def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+ return True
+
+ def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+ if character.isalpha():
+ self._buffer = "".join([self._buffer, character])
+ if is_accentuated(character):
+ self._buffer_accent_count += 1
+ if (
+ self._foreign_long_watch is False
+ and is_latin(character) is False
+ and is_cjk(character) is False
+ and is_hangul(character) is False
+ and is_katakana(character) is False
+ and is_hiragana(character) is False
+ and is_thai(character) is False
+ ):
+ self._foreign_long_watch = True
+ return
+ if not self._buffer:
+ return
+ if (
+ character.isspace() or is_punctuation(character) or is_separator(character)
+ ) and self._buffer:
+ self._word_count += 1
+ buffer_length = len(self._buffer) # type: int
+
+ self._character_count += buffer_length
+
+ if buffer_length >= 4 and self._buffer_accent_count / buffer_length >= 0.3:
+ self._is_current_word_bad = True
+ if buffer_length >= 24 and self._foreign_long_watch:
+ self._is_current_word_bad = True
+
+ if self._is_current_word_bad:
+ self._bad_word_count += 1
+ self._bad_character_count += len(self._buffer)
+ self._is_current_word_bad = False
+
+ self._foreign_long_watch = False
+ self._buffer = ""
+ self._buffer_accent_count = 0
+ elif (
+ character not in {"<", ">", "-", "="}
+ and character.isdigit() is False
+ and is_symbol(character)
+ ):
+ self._is_current_word_bad = True
+ self._buffer += character
+
+ def reset(self) -> None:
+ self._buffer = ""
+ self._is_current_word_bad = False
+ self._foreign_long_watch = False
+ self._bad_word_count = 0
+ self._word_count = 0
+ self._character_count = 0
+ self._bad_character_count = 0
+
+ @property
+ def ratio(self) -> float:
+ if self._word_count <= 10:
+ return 0.0
+
+ return self._bad_character_count / self._character_count
+
+
+class CjkInvalidStopPlugin(MessDetectorPlugin):
+ """
+ GB(Chinese) based encoding often render the stop incorrectly when the content does not fit and
+ can be easily detected. Searching for the overuse of '丅' and '丄'.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self) -> None:
+ self._wrong_stop_count = 0 # type: int
+ self._cjk_character_count = 0 # type: int
+
+ def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+ return True
+
+ def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+ if character in ["丅", "丄"]:
+ self._wrong_stop_count += 1
+ return
+ if is_cjk(character):
+ self._cjk_character_count += 1
+
+ def reset(self) -> None:
+ self._wrong_stop_count = 0
+ self._cjk_character_count = 0
+
+ @property
+ def ratio(self) -> float:
+ if self._cjk_character_count < 16:
+ return 0.0
+ return self._wrong_stop_count / self._cjk_character_count
+
+
+class ArchaicUpperLowerPlugin(MessDetectorPlugin):
+ def __init__(self) -> None:
+ self._buf = False # type: bool
+
+ self._character_count_since_last_sep = 0 # type: int
+
+ self._successive_upper_lower_count = 0 # type: int
+ self._successive_upper_lower_count_final = 0 # type: int
+
+ self._character_count = 0 # type: int
+
+ self._last_alpha_seen = None # type: Optional[str]
+ self._current_ascii_only = True # type: bool
+
+ def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+ return True
+
+ def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+ is_concerned = character.isalpha() and is_case_variable(character)
+ chunk_sep = is_concerned is False
+
+ if chunk_sep and self._character_count_since_last_sep > 0:
+ if (
+ self._character_count_since_last_sep <= 64
+ and character.isdigit() is False
+ and self._current_ascii_only is False
+ ):
+ self._successive_upper_lower_count_final += (
+ self._successive_upper_lower_count
+ )
+
+ self._successive_upper_lower_count = 0
+ self._character_count_since_last_sep = 0
+ self._last_alpha_seen = None
+ self._buf = False
+ self._character_count += 1
+ self._current_ascii_only = True
+
+ return
+
+ if self._current_ascii_only is True and is_ascii(character) is False:
+ self._current_ascii_only = False
+
+ if self._last_alpha_seen is not None:
+ if (character.isupper() and self._last_alpha_seen.islower()) or (
+ character.islower() and self._last_alpha_seen.isupper()
+ ):
+ if self._buf is True:
+ self._successive_upper_lower_count += 2
+ self._buf = False
+ else:
+ self._buf = True
+ else:
+ self._buf = False
+
+ self._character_count += 1
+ self._character_count_since_last_sep += 1
+ self._last_alpha_seen = character
+
+ def reset(self) -> None:
+ self._character_count = 0
+ self._character_count_since_last_sep = 0
+ self._successive_upper_lower_count = 0
+ self._successive_upper_lower_count_final = 0
+ self._last_alpha_seen = None
+ self._buf = False
+ self._current_ascii_only = True
+
+ @property
+ def ratio(self) -> float:
+ if self._character_count == 0:
+ return 0.0
+
+ return self._successive_upper_lower_count_final / self._character_count
+
+
+def is_suspiciously_successive_range(
+ unicode_range_a: Optional[str], unicode_range_b: Optional[str]
+) -> bool:
+ """
+ Determine if two Unicode range seen next to each other can be considered as suspicious.
+ """
+ if unicode_range_a is None or unicode_range_b is None:
+ return True
+
+ if unicode_range_a == unicode_range_b:
+ return False
+
+ if "Latin" in unicode_range_a and "Latin" in unicode_range_b:
+ return False
+
+ if "Emoticons" in unicode_range_a or "Emoticons" in unicode_range_b:
+ return False
+
+ keywords_range_a, keywords_range_b = unicode_range_a.split(
+ " "
+ ), unicode_range_b.split(" ")
+
+ for el in keywords_range_a:
+ if el in UNICODE_SECONDARY_RANGE_KEYWORD:
+ continue
+ if el in keywords_range_b:
+ return False
+
+ # Japanese Exception
+ if unicode_range_a in ["Katakana", "Hiragana"] and unicode_range_b in [
+ "Katakana",
+ "Hiragana",
+ ]:
+ return False
+
+ if unicode_range_a in ["Katakana", "Hiragana"] or unicode_range_b in [
+ "Katakana",
+ "Hiragana",
+ ]:
+ if "CJK" in unicode_range_a or "CJK" in unicode_range_b:
+ return False
+
+ if "Hangul" in unicode_range_a or "Hangul" in unicode_range_b:
+ if "CJK" in unicode_range_a or "CJK" in unicode_range_b:
+ return False
+ if unicode_range_a == "Basic Latin" or unicode_range_b == "Basic Latin":
+ return False
+
+ # Chinese/Japanese use dedicated range for punctuation and/or separators.
+ if ("CJK" in unicode_range_a or "CJK" in unicode_range_b) or (
+ unicode_range_a in ["Katakana", "Hiragana"]
+ and unicode_range_b in ["Katakana", "Hiragana"]
+ ):
+ if "Punctuation" in unicode_range_a or "Punctuation" in unicode_range_b:
+ return False
+ if "Forms" in unicode_range_a or "Forms" in unicode_range_b:
+ return False
+
+ return True
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=2048)
+def mess_ratio(
+ decoded_sequence: str, maximum_threshold: float = 0.2, debug: bool = False
+) -> float:
+ """
+ Compute a mess ratio given a decoded bytes sequence. The maximum threshold does stop the computation earlier.
+ """
+ detectors = [] # type: List[MessDetectorPlugin]
+
+ for md_class in MessDetectorPlugin.__subclasses__():
+ detectors.append(md_class())
+
+ length = len(decoded_sequence) # type: int
+
+ mean_mess_ratio = 0.0 # type: float
+
+ if length < 512:
+ intermediary_mean_mess_ratio_calc = 32 # type: int
+ elif length <= 1024:
+ intermediary_mean_mess_ratio_calc = 64
+ else:
+ intermediary_mean_mess_ratio_calc = 128
+
+ for character, index in zip(decoded_sequence, range(0, length)):
+ for detector in detectors:
+ if detector.eligible(character):
+ detector.feed(character)
+
+ if (
+ index > 0 and index % intermediary_mean_mess_ratio_calc == 0
+ ) or index == length - 1:
+ mean_mess_ratio = sum([dt.ratio for dt in detectors])
+
+ if mean_mess_ratio >= maximum_threshold:
+ break
+
+ if debug:
+ for dt in detectors: # pragma: nocover
+ print(dt.__class__, dt.ratio)
+
+ return round(mean_mess_ratio, 3)
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/models.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/models.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..40d949dc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/models.py
@@ -0,0 +1,392 @@
+import warnings
+from collections import Counter
+from encodings.aliases import aliases
+from hashlib import sha256
+from json import dumps
+from re import compile as re_compile, sub
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterator, List, Optional, Set, Tuple, Union
+
+from .constant import TOO_BIG_SEQUENCE
+from .md import mess_ratio
+from .utils import iana_name, is_multi_byte_encoding, unicode_range
+
+
+class CharsetMatch:
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ payload: bytes,
+ guessed_encoding: str,
+ mean_mess_ratio: float,
+ has_sig_or_bom: bool,
+ languages: "CoherenceMatches",
+ decoded_payload: Optional[str] = None,
+ ):
+ self._payload = payload # type: bytes
+
+ self._encoding = guessed_encoding # type: str
+ self._mean_mess_ratio = mean_mess_ratio # type: float
+ self._languages = languages # type: CoherenceMatches
+ self._has_sig_or_bom = has_sig_or_bom # type: bool
+ self._unicode_ranges = None # type: Optional[List[str]]
+
+ self._leaves = [] # type: List[CharsetMatch]
+ self._mean_coherence_ratio = 0.0 # type: float
+
+ self._output_payload = None # type: Optional[bytes]
+ self._output_encoding = None # type: Optional[str]
+
+ self._string = decoded_payload # type: Optional[str]
+
+ def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+ if not isinstance(other, CharsetMatch):
+ raise TypeError(
+ "__eq__ cannot be invoked on {} and {}.".format(
+ str(other.__class__), str(self.__class__)
+ )
+ )
+ return self.encoding == other.encoding and self.fingerprint == other.fingerprint
+
+ def __lt__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+ """
+ Implemented to make sorted available upon CharsetMatches items.
+ """
+ if not isinstance(other, CharsetMatch):
+ raise ValueError
+
+ chaos_difference = abs(self.chaos - other.chaos) # type: float
+
+ # Bellow 1% difference --> Use Coherence
+ if chaos_difference < 0.01:
+ # When having a tough decision, use the result that decoded as many multi-byte as possible.
+ if chaos_difference == 0.0 and self.coherence == other.coherence:
+ return self.multi_byte_usage > other.multi_byte_usage
+ return self.coherence > other.coherence
+
+ return self.chaos < other.chaos
+
+ @property
+ def multi_byte_usage(self) -> float:
+ return 1.0 - len(str(self)) / len(self.raw)
+
+ @property
+ def chaos_secondary_pass(self) -> float:
+ """
+ Check once again chaos in decoded text, except this time, with full content.
+ Use with caution, this can be very slow.
+ Notice: Will be removed in 3.0
+ """
+ warnings.warn(
+ "chaos_secondary_pass is deprecated and will be removed in 3.0",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ )
+ return mess_ratio(str(self), 1.0)
+
+ @property
+ def coherence_non_latin(self) -> float:
+ """
+ Coherence ratio on the first non-latin language detected if ANY.
+ Notice: Will be removed in 3.0
+ """
+ warnings.warn(
+ "coherence_non_latin is deprecated and will be removed in 3.0",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ )
+ return 0.0
+
+ @property
+ def w_counter(self) -> Counter:
+ """
+ Word counter instance on decoded text.
+ Notice: Will be removed in 3.0
+ """
+ warnings.warn(
+ "w_counter is deprecated and will be removed in 3.0", DeprecationWarning
+ )
+ not_printable_pattern = re_compile(r"[0-9\W\n\r\t]+")
+ string_printable_only = sub(not_printable_pattern, " ", str(self).lower())
+
+ return Counter(string_printable_only.split())
+
+ def __str__(self) -> str:
+ # Lazy Str Loading
+ if self._string is None:
+ self._string = str(self._payload, self._encoding, "strict")
+ return self._string
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return "".format(self.encoding, self.fingerprint)
+
+ def add_submatch(self, other: "CharsetMatch") -> None:
+ if not isinstance(other, CharsetMatch) or other == self:
+ raise ValueError(
+ "Unable to add instance <{}> as a submatch of a CharsetMatch".format(
+ other.__class__
+ )
+ )
+
+ other._string = None # Unload RAM usage; dirty trick.
+ self._leaves.append(other)
+
+ @property
+ def encoding(self) -> str:
+ return self._encoding
+
+ @property
+ def encoding_aliases(self) -> List[str]:
+ """
+ Encoding name are known by many name, using this could help when searching for IBM855 when it's listed as CP855.
+ """
+ also_known_as = [] # type: List[str]
+ for u, p in aliases.items():
+ if self.encoding == u:
+ also_known_as.append(p)
+ elif self.encoding == p:
+ also_known_as.append(u)
+ return also_known_as
+
+ @property
+ def bom(self) -> bool:
+ return self._has_sig_or_bom
+
+ @property
+ def byte_order_mark(self) -> bool:
+ return self._has_sig_or_bom
+
+ @property
+ def languages(self) -> List[str]:
+ """
+ Return the complete list of possible languages found in decoded sequence.
+ Usually not really useful. Returned list may be empty even if 'language' property return something != 'Unknown'.
+ """
+ return [e[0] for e in self._languages]
+
+ @property
+ def language(self) -> str:
+ """
+ Most probable language found in decoded sequence. If none were detected or inferred, the property will return
+ "Unknown".
+ """
+ if not self._languages:
+ # Trying to infer the language based on the given encoding
+ # Its either English or we should not pronounce ourselves in certain cases.
+ if "ascii" in self.could_be_from_charset:
+ return "English"
+
+ # doing it there to avoid circular import
+ from charset_normalizer.cd import encoding_languages, mb_encoding_languages
+
+ languages = (
+ mb_encoding_languages(self.encoding)
+ if is_multi_byte_encoding(self.encoding)
+ else encoding_languages(self.encoding)
+ )
+
+ if len(languages) == 0 or "Latin Based" in languages:
+ return "Unknown"
+
+ return languages[0]
+
+ return self._languages[0][0]
+
+ @property
+ def chaos(self) -> float:
+ return self._mean_mess_ratio
+
+ @property
+ def coherence(self) -> float:
+ if not self._languages:
+ return 0.0
+ return self._languages[0][1]
+
+ @property
+ def percent_chaos(self) -> float:
+ return round(self.chaos * 100, ndigits=3)
+
+ @property
+ def percent_coherence(self) -> float:
+ return round(self.coherence * 100, ndigits=3)
+
+ @property
+ def raw(self) -> bytes:
+ """
+ Original untouched bytes.
+ """
+ return self._payload
+
+ @property
+ def submatch(self) -> List["CharsetMatch"]:
+ return self._leaves
+
+ @property
+ def has_submatch(self) -> bool:
+ return len(self._leaves) > 0
+
+ @property
+ def alphabets(self) -> List[str]:
+ if self._unicode_ranges is not None:
+ return self._unicode_ranges
+ detected_ranges = set() # type: Set[str]
+ for character in str(self):
+ detected_range = unicode_range(character) # type: Optional[str]
+ if detected_range:
+ detected_ranges.add(detected_range)
+ self._unicode_ranges = sorted(list(detected_ranges))
+ return self._unicode_ranges
+
+ @property
+ def could_be_from_charset(self) -> List[str]:
+ """
+ The complete list of encoding that output the exact SAME str result and therefore could be the originating
+ encoding.
+ This list does include the encoding available in property 'encoding'.
+ """
+ return [self._encoding] + [m.encoding for m in self._leaves]
+
+ def first(self) -> "CharsetMatch":
+ """
+ Kept for BC reasons. Will be removed in 3.0.
+ """
+ return self
+
+ def best(self) -> "CharsetMatch":
+ """
+ Kept for BC reasons. Will be removed in 3.0.
+ """
+ return self
+
+ def output(self, encoding: str = "utf_8") -> bytes:
+ """
+ Method to get re-encoded bytes payload using given target encoding. Default to UTF-8.
+ Any errors will be simply ignored by the encoder NOT replaced.
+ """
+ if self._output_encoding is None or self._output_encoding != encoding:
+ self._output_encoding = encoding
+ self._output_payload = str(self).encode(encoding, "replace")
+
+ return self._output_payload # type: ignore
+
+ @property
+ def fingerprint(self) -> str:
+ """
+ Retrieve the unique SHA256 computed using the transformed (re-encoded) payload. Not the original one.
+ """
+ return sha256(self.output()).hexdigest()
+
+
+class CharsetMatches:
+ """
+ Container with every CharsetMatch items ordered by default from most probable to the less one.
+ Act like a list(iterable) but does not implements all related methods.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, results: List[CharsetMatch] = None):
+ self._results = sorted(results) if results else [] # type: List[CharsetMatch]
+
+ def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[CharsetMatch]:
+ for result in self._results:
+ yield result
+
+ def __getitem__(self, item: Union[int, str]) -> CharsetMatch:
+ """
+ Retrieve a single item either by its position or encoding name (alias may be used here).
+ Raise KeyError upon invalid index or encoding not present in results.
+ """
+ if isinstance(item, int):
+ return self._results[item]
+ if isinstance(item, str):
+ item = iana_name(item, False)
+ for result in self._results:
+ if item in result.could_be_from_charset:
+ return result
+ raise KeyError
+
+ def __len__(self) -> int:
+ return len(self._results)
+
+ def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+ return len(self._results) > 0
+
+ def append(self, item: CharsetMatch) -> None:
+ """
+ Insert a single match. Will be inserted accordingly to preserve sort.
+ Can be inserted as a submatch.
+ """
+ if not isinstance(item, CharsetMatch):
+ raise ValueError(
+ "Cannot append instance '{}' to CharsetMatches".format(
+ str(item.__class__)
+ )
+ )
+ # We should disable the submatch factoring when the input file is too heavy (conserve RAM usage)
+ if len(item.raw) <= TOO_BIG_SEQUENCE:
+ for match in self._results:
+ if match.fingerprint == item.fingerprint and match.chaos == item.chaos:
+ match.add_submatch(item)
+ return
+ self._results.append(item)
+ self._results = sorted(self._results)
+
+ def best(self) -> Optional["CharsetMatch"]:
+ """
+ Simply return the first match. Strict equivalent to matches[0].
+ """
+ if not self._results:
+ return None
+ return self._results[0]
+
+ def first(self) -> Optional["CharsetMatch"]:
+ """
+ Redundant method, call the method best(). Kept for BC reasons.
+ """
+ return self.best()
+
+
+CoherenceMatch = Tuple[str, float]
+CoherenceMatches = List[CoherenceMatch]
+
+
+class CliDetectionResult:
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ path: str,
+ encoding: Optional[str],
+ encoding_aliases: List[str],
+ alternative_encodings: List[str],
+ language: str,
+ alphabets: List[str],
+ has_sig_or_bom: bool,
+ chaos: float,
+ coherence: float,
+ unicode_path: Optional[str],
+ is_preferred: bool,
+ ):
+ self.path = path # type: str
+ self.unicode_path = unicode_path # type: Optional[str]
+ self.encoding = encoding # type: Optional[str]
+ self.encoding_aliases = encoding_aliases # type: List[str]
+ self.alternative_encodings = alternative_encodings # type: List[str]
+ self.language = language # type: str
+ self.alphabets = alphabets # type: List[str]
+ self.has_sig_or_bom = has_sig_or_bom # type: bool
+ self.chaos = chaos # type: float
+ self.coherence = coherence # type: float
+ self.is_preferred = is_preferred # type: bool
+
+ @property
+ def __dict__(self) -> Dict[str, Any]: # type: ignore
+ return {
+ "path": self.path,
+ "encoding": self.encoding,
+ "encoding_aliases": self.encoding_aliases,
+ "alternative_encodings": self.alternative_encodings,
+ "language": self.language,
+ "alphabets": self.alphabets,
+ "has_sig_or_bom": self.has_sig_or_bom,
+ "chaos": self.chaos,
+ "coherence": self.coherence,
+ "unicode_path": self.unicode_path,
+ "is_preferred": self.is_preferred,
+ }
+
+ def to_json(self) -> str:
+ return dumps(self.__dict__, ensure_ascii=True, indent=4)
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/py.typed b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/utils.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b9d12784e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
+try:
+ import unicodedata2 as unicodedata
+except ImportError:
+ import unicodedata # type: ignore[no-redef]
+
+import importlib
+from codecs import IncrementalDecoder
+from encodings.aliases import aliases
+from functools import lru_cache
+from re import findall
+from typing import List, Optional, Set, Tuple, Union
+
+from _multibytecodec import MultibyteIncrementalDecoder # type: ignore
+
+from .constant import (
+ ENCODING_MARKS,
+ IANA_SUPPORTED_SIMILAR,
+ RE_POSSIBLE_ENCODING_INDICATION,
+ UNICODE_RANGES_COMBINED,
+ UNICODE_SECONDARY_RANGE_KEYWORD,
+ UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION,
+)
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_accentuated(character: str) -> bool:
+ try:
+ description = unicodedata.name(character) # type: str
+ except ValueError:
+ return False
+ return (
+ "WITH GRAVE" in description
+ or "WITH ACUTE" in description
+ or "WITH CEDILLA" in description
+ or "WITH DIAERESIS" in description
+ or "WITH CIRCUMFLEX" in description
+ or "WITH TILDE" in description
+ )
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def remove_accent(character: str) -> str:
+ decomposed = unicodedata.decomposition(character) # type: str
+ if not decomposed:
+ return character
+
+ codes = decomposed.split(" ") # type: List[str]
+
+ return chr(int(codes[0], 16))
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def unicode_range(character: str) -> Optional[str]:
+ """
+ Retrieve the Unicode range official name from a single character.
+ """
+ character_ord = ord(character) # type: int
+
+ for range_name, ord_range in UNICODE_RANGES_COMBINED.items():
+ if character_ord in ord_range:
+ return range_name
+
+ return None
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_latin(character: str) -> bool:
+ try:
+ description = unicodedata.name(character) # type: str
+ except ValueError:
+ return False
+ return "LATIN" in description
+
+
+def is_ascii(character: str) -> bool:
+ try:
+ character.encode("ascii")
+ except UnicodeEncodeError:
+ return False
+ return True
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_punctuation(character: str) -> bool:
+ character_category = unicodedata.category(character) # type: str
+
+ if "P" in character_category:
+ return True
+
+ character_range = unicode_range(character) # type: Optional[str]
+
+ if character_range is None:
+ return False
+
+ return "Punctuation" in character_range
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_symbol(character: str) -> bool:
+ character_category = unicodedata.category(character) # type: str
+
+ if "S" in character_category or "N" in character_category:
+ return True
+
+ character_range = unicode_range(character) # type: Optional[str]
+
+ if character_range is None:
+ return False
+
+ return "Forms" in character_range
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_emoticon(character: str) -> bool:
+ character_range = unicode_range(character) # type: Optional[str]
+
+ if character_range is None:
+ return False
+
+ return "Emoticons" in character_range
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_separator(character: str) -> bool:
+ if character.isspace() or character in ["|", "+", ",", ";", "<", ">"]:
+ return True
+
+ character_category = unicodedata.category(character) # type: str
+
+ return "Z" in character_category
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_case_variable(character: str) -> bool:
+ return character.islower() != character.isupper()
+
+
+def is_private_use_only(character: str) -> bool:
+ character_category = unicodedata.category(character) # type: str
+
+ return "Co" == character_category
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_cjk(character: str) -> bool:
+ try:
+ character_name = unicodedata.name(character)
+ except ValueError:
+ return False
+
+ return "CJK" in character_name
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_hiragana(character: str) -> bool:
+ try:
+ character_name = unicodedata.name(character)
+ except ValueError:
+ return False
+
+ return "HIRAGANA" in character_name
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_katakana(character: str) -> bool:
+ try:
+ character_name = unicodedata.name(character)
+ except ValueError:
+ return False
+
+ return "KATAKANA" in character_name
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_hangul(character: str) -> bool:
+ try:
+ character_name = unicodedata.name(character)
+ except ValueError:
+ return False
+
+ return "HANGUL" in character_name
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_thai(character: str) -> bool:
+ try:
+ character_name = unicodedata.name(character)
+ except ValueError:
+ return False
+
+ return "THAI" in character_name
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=len(UNICODE_RANGES_COMBINED))
+def is_unicode_range_secondary(range_name: str) -> bool:
+ for keyword in UNICODE_SECONDARY_RANGE_KEYWORD:
+ if keyword in range_name:
+ return True
+
+ return False
+
+
+def any_specified_encoding(sequence: bytes, search_zone: int = 4096) -> Optional[str]:
+ """
+ Extract using ASCII-only decoder any specified encoding in the first n-bytes.
+ """
+ if not isinstance(sequence, bytes):
+ raise TypeError
+
+ seq_len = len(sequence) # type: int
+
+ results = findall(
+ RE_POSSIBLE_ENCODING_INDICATION,
+ sequence[: seq_len if seq_len <= search_zone else search_zone].decode(
+ "ascii", errors="ignore"
+ ),
+ ) # type: List[str]
+
+ if len(results) == 0:
+ return None
+
+ for specified_encoding in results:
+ specified_encoding = specified_encoding.lower().replace("-", "_")
+
+ for encoding_alias, encoding_iana in aliases.items():
+ if encoding_alias == specified_encoding:
+ return encoding_iana
+ if encoding_iana == specified_encoding:
+ return encoding_iana
+
+ return None
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=128)
+def is_multi_byte_encoding(name: str) -> bool:
+ """
+ Verify is a specific encoding is a multi byte one based on it IANA name
+ """
+ return name in {
+ "utf_8",
+ "utf_8_sig",
+ "utf_16",
+ "utf_16_be",
+ "utf_16_le",
+ "utf_32",
+ "utf_32_le",
+ "utf_32_be",
+ "utf_7",
+ } or issubclass(
+ importlib.import_module("encodings.{}".format(name)).IncrementalDecoder, # type: ignore
+ MultibyteIncrementalDecoder,
+ )
+
+
+def identify_sig_or_bom(sequence: bytes) -> Tuple[Optional[str], bytes]:
+ """
+ Identify and extract SIG/BOM in given sequence.
+ """
+
+ for iana_encoding in ENCODING_MARKS:
+ marks = ENCODING_MARKS[iana_encoding] # type: Union[bytes, List[bytes]]
+
+ if isinstance(marks, bytes):
+ marks = [marks]
+
+ for mark in marks:
+ if sequence.startswith(mark):
+ return iana_encoding, mark
+
+ return None, b""
+
+
+def should_strip_sig_or_bom(iana_encoding: str) -> bool:
+ return iana_encoding not in {"utf_16", "utf_32"}
+
+
+def iana_name(cp_name: str, strict: bool = True) -> str:
+ cp_name = cp_name.lower().replace("-", "_")
+
+ for encoding_alias, encoding_iana in aliases.items():
+ if cp_name == encoding_alias or cp_name == encoding_iana:
+ return encoding_iana
+
+ if strict:
+ raise ValueError("Unable to retrieve IANA for '{}'".format(cp_name))
+
+ return cp_name
+
+
+def range_scan(decoded_sequence: str) -> List[str]:
+ ranges = set() # type: Set[str]
+
+ for character in decoded_sequence:
+ character_range = unicode_range(character) # type: Optional[str]
+
+ if character_range is None:
+ continue
+
+ ranges.add(character_range)
+
+ return list(ranges)
+
+
+def cp_similarity(iana_name_a: str, iana_name_b: str) -> float:
+
+ if is_multi_byte_encoding(iana_name_a) or is_multi_byte_encoding(iana_name_b):
+ return 0.0
+
+ decoder_a = importlib.import_module("encodings.{}".format(iana_name_a)).IncrementalDecoder # type: ignore
+ decoder_b = importlib.import_module("encodings.{}".format(iana_name_b)).IncrementalDecoder # type: ignore
+
+ id_a = decoder_a(errors="ignore") # type: IncrementalDecoder
+ id_b = decoder_b(errors="ignore") # type: IncrementalDecoder
+
+ character_match_count = 0 # type: int
+
+ for i in range(0, 255):
+ to_be_decoded = bytes([i]) # type: bytes
+ if id_a.decode(to_be_decoded) == id_b.decode(to_be_decoded):
+ character_match_count += 1
+
+ return character_match_count / 254
+
+
+def is_cp_similar(iana_name_a: str, iana_name_b: str) -> bool:
+ """
+ Determine if two code page are at least 80% similar. IANA_SUPPORTED_SIMILAR dict was generated using
+ the function cp_similarity.
+ """
+ return (
+ iana_name_a in IANA_SUPPORTED_SIMILAR
+ and iana_name_b in IANA_SUPPORTED_SIMILAR[iana_name_a]
+ )
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/version.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bdba9fc26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/charset_normalizer/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+"""
+Expose version
+"""
+
+__version__ = "2.0.6"
+VERSION = __version__.split(".")
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/INSTALLER b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a1b589e38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/LICENSE.rst b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/LICENSE.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d12a84918
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/LICENSE.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Copyright 2014 Pallets
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
+ contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+ this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/METADATA b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7be08320c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: click
+Version: 8.0.1
+Summary: Composable command line interface toolkit
+Home-page: https://palletsprojects.com/p/click/
+Author: Armin Ronacher
+Author-email: armin.ronacher@active-4.com
+Maintainer: Pallets
+Maintainer-email: contact@palletsprojects.com
+License: BSD-3-Clause
+Project-URL: Donate, https://palletsprojects.com/donate
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://click.palletsprojects.com/
+Project-URL: Changes, https://click.palletsprojects.com/changes/
+Project-URL: Source Code, https://github.com/pallets/click/
+Project-URL: Issue Tracker, https://github.com/pallets/click/issues/
+Project-URL: Twitter, https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
+Project-URL: Chat, https://discord.gg/pallets
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
+Requires-Dist: colorama ; platform_system == "Windows"
+Requires-Dist: importlib-metadata ; python_version < "3.8"
+
+\$ click\_
+==========
+
+Click is a Python package for creating beautiful command line interfaces
+in a composable way with as little code as necessary. It's the "Command
+Line Interface Creation Kit". It's highly configurable but comes with
+sensible defaults out of the box.
+
+It aims to make the process of writing command line tools quick and fun
+while also preventing any frustration caused by the inability to
+implement an intended CLI API.
+
+Click in three points:
+
+- Arbitrary nesting of commands
+- Automatic help page generation
+- Supports lazy loading of subcommands at runtime
+
+
+Installing
+----------
+
+Install and update using `pip`_:
+
+.. code-block:: text
+
+ $ pip install -U click
+
+.. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/quickstart/
+
+
+A Simple Example
+----------------
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+ import click
+
+ @click.command()
+ @click.option("--count", default=1, help="Number of greetings.")
+ @click.option("--name", prompt="Your name", help="The person to greet.")
+ def hello(count, name):
+ """Simple program that greets NAME for a total of COUNT times."""
+ for _ in range(count):
+ click.echo(f"Hello, {name}!")
+
+ if __name__ == '__main__':
+ hello()
+
+.. code-block:: text
+
+ $ python hello.py --count=3
+ Your name: Click
+ Hello, Click!
+ Hello, Click!
+ Hello, Click!
+
+
+Donate
+------
+
+The Pallets organization develops and supports Click and other popular
+packages. In order to grow the community of contributors and users, and
+allow the maintainers to devote more time to the projects, `please
+donate today`_.
+
+.. _please donate today: https://palletsprojects.com/donate
+
+
+Links
+-----
+
+- Documentation: https://click.palletsprojects.com/
+- Changes: https://click.palletsprojects.com/changes/
+- PyPI Releases: https://pypi.org/project/click/
+- Source Code: https://github.com/pallets/click
+- Issue Tracker: https://github.com/pallets/click/issues
+- Website: https://palletsprojects.com/p/click
+- Twitter: https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
+- Chat: https://discord.gg/pallets
+
+
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/RECORD b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d146fd801
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+click-8.0.1.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+click-8.0.1.dist-info/LICENSE.rst,sha256=morRBqOU6FO_4h9C9OctWSgZoigF2ZG18ydQKSkrZY0,1475
+click-8.0.1.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=Q_8tjC_Ps-9OmIDcovMWvqzrNlmYNwJ7yZxyeJ-SIsk,3216
+click-8.0.1.dist-info/RECORD,,
+click-8.0.1.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=OqRkF0eY5GHssMorFjlbTIq072vpHpF60fIQA6lS9xA,92
+click-8.0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=J1ZQogalYS4pphY_lPECoNMfw0HzTSrZglC4Yfwo4xA,6
+click/__init__.py,sha256=TweMqq3qEdmxSl3M_O0H1crtKtd7_oS7PDd0WlLote0,3243
+click/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/_compat.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/_termui_impl.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/_textwrap.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/_unicodefun.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/_winconsole.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/core.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/decorators.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/exceptions.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/formatting.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/globals.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/parser.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/shell_completion.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/termui.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/testing.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/types.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/__pycache__/utils.cpython-38.pyc,,
+click/_compat.py,sha256=P15KQumAZC2F2MFe_JSRbvVOJcNosQfMDrdZq0ReCLM,18814
+click/_termui_impl.py,sha256=3IBc-wR8art7cOIN3y4vQ3ftyCs4GNLMjDcrSalUD9c,23423
+click/_textwrap.py,sha256=10fQ64OcBUMuK7mFvh8363_uoOxPlRItZBmKzRJDgoY,1353
+click/_unicodefun.py,sha256=JKSh1oSwG_zbjAu4TBCa9tQde2P9FiYcf4MBfy5NdT8,3201
+click/_winconsole.py,sha256=5ju3jQkcZD0W27WEMGqmEP4y_crUVzPCqsX_FYb7BO0,7860
+click/core.py,sha256=xYDxID7ShkgY2Lbw7vKOMjP5ImT1NLCTqMJphUicAQ0,111335
+click/decorators.py,sha256=u_Ehdo3PA2nzCoud9z6fGhxwtMI8vVNG_SL8Bl9lsnY,14871
+click/exceptions.py,sha256=7gDaLGuFZBeCNwY9ERMsF2-Z3R9Fvq09Zc6IZSKjseo,9167
+click/formatting.py,sha256=Frf0-5W33-loyY_i9qrwXR8-STnW3m5gvyxLVUdyxyk,9706
+click/globals.py,sha256=9pcmaNfGS1bJV5DoFYhfv51BPeHP8dWaya7rP3kcrY4,1973
+click/parser.py,sha256=x5DbnBV9O8kXiMdJAdtpdTO2eRUXw2ab5PRMLxo0po4,19043
+click/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+click/shell_completion.py,sha256=F0CHHFOP4ulDsYoqTMm9FXih_OVKsg3mzD-XBzMN79c,17881
+click/termui.py,sha256=MJNkEntRiNZvwa0z9SVK0d6X9BvUcFhvxKky5M-kBGY,28809
+click/testing.py,sha256=kLR5Qcny1OlgxaGB3gweTr0gQe1yVlmgQRn2esA2Fz4,16020
+click/types.py,sha256=ngn3qOaHcDvyeMF2UT5QJNNpJAAVrA9BRj4t8x1xOZM,35375
+click/utils.py,sha256=q7xUTlebAnIENo2Uv-REArW_erqGFm_8yMW241mMjzQ,18752
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/WHEEL b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..385faab05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.36.2)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dca9a9096
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click-8.0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+click
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/__init__.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9e0afb230
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+"""
+Click is a simple Python module inspired by the stdlib optparse to make
+writing command line scripts fun. Unlike other modules, it's based
+around a simple API that does not come with too much magic and is
+composable.
+"""
+from .core import Argument as Argument
+from .core import BaseCommand as BaseCommand
+from .core import Command as Command
+from .core import CommandCollection as CommandCollection
+from .core import Context as Context
+from .core import Group as Group
+from .core import MultiCommand as MultiCommand
+from .core import Option as Option
+from .core import Parameter as Parameter
+from .decorators import argument as argument
+from .decorators import command as command
+from .decorators import confirmation_option as confirmation_option
+from .decorators import group as group
+from .decorators import help_option as help_option
+from .decorators import make_pass_decorator as make_pass_decorator
+from .decorators import option as option
+from .decorators import pass_context as pass_context
+from .decorators import pass_obj as pass_obj
+from .decorators import password_option as password_option
+from .decorators import version_option as version_option
+from .exceptions import Abort as Abort
+from .exceptions import BadArgumentUsage as BadArgumentUsage
+from .exceptions import BadOptionUsage as BadOptionUsage
+from .exceptions import BadParameter as BadParameter
+from .exceptions import ClickException as ClickException
+from .exceptions import FileError as FileError
+from .exceptions import MissingParameter as MissingParameter
+from .exceptions import NoSuchOption as NoSuchOption
+from .exceptions import UsageError as UsageError
+from .formatting import HelpFormatter as HelpFormatter
+from .formatting import wrap_text as wrap_text
+from .globals import get_current_context as get_current_context
+from .parser import OptionParser as OptionParser
+from .termui import clear as clear
+from .termui import confirm as confirm
+from .termui import echo_via_pager as echo_via_pager
+from .termui import edit as edit
+from .termui import get_terminal_size as get_terminal_size
+from .termui import getchar as getchar
+from .termui import launch as launch
+from .termui import pause as pause
+from .termui import progressbar as progressbar
+from .termui import prompt as prompt
+from .termui import secho as secho
+from .termui import style as style
+from .termui import unstyle as unstyle
+from .types import BOOL as BOOL
+from .types import Choice as Choice
+from .types import DateTime as DateTime
+from .types import File as File
+from .types import FLOAT as FLOAT
+from .types import FloatRange as FloatRange
+from .types import INT as INT
+from .types import IntRange as IntRange
+from .types import ParamType as ParamType
+from .types import Path as Path
+from .types import STRING as STRING
+from .types import Tuple as Tuple
+from .types import UNPROCESSED as UNPROCESSED
+from .types import UUID as UUID
+from .utils import echo as echo
+from .utils import format_filename as format_filename
+from .utils import get_app_dir as get_app_dir
+from .utils import get_binary_stream as get_binary_stream
+from .utils import get_os_args as get_os_args
+from .utils import get_text_stream as get_text_stream
+from .utils import open_file as open_file
+
+__version__ = "8.0.1"
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diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/_compat.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/_compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b9e1f0d39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/_compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,627 @@
+import codecs
+import io
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import typing as t
+from weakref import WeakKeyDictionary
+
+CYGWIN = sys.platform.startswith("cygwin")
+MSYS2 = sys.platform.startswith("win") and ("GCC" in sys.version)
+# Determine local App Engine environment, per Google's own suggestion
+APP_ENGINE = "APPENGINE_RUNTIME" in os.environ and "Development/" in os.environ.get(
+ "SERVER_SOFTWARE", ""
+)
+WIN = sys.platform.startswith("win") and not APP_ENGINE and not MSYS2
+auto_wrap_for_ansi: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.TextIO], t.TextIO]] = None
+_ansi_re = re.compile(r"\033\[[;?0-9]*[a-zA-Z]")
+
+
+def get_filesystem_encoding() -> str:
+ return sys.getfilesystemencoding() or sys.getdefaultencoding()
+
+
+def _make_text_stream(
+ stream: t.BinaryIO,
+ encoding: t.Optional[str],
+ errors: t.Optional[str],
+ force_readable: bool = False,
+ force_writable: bool = False,
+) -> t.TextIO:
+ if encoding is None:
+ encoding = get_best_encoding(stream)
+ if errors is None:
+ errors = "replace"
+ return _NonClosingTextIOWrapper(
+ stream,
+ encoding,
+ errors,
+ line_buffering=True,
+ force_readable=force_readable,
+ force_writable=force_writable,
+ )
+
+
+def is_ascii_encoding(encoding: str) -> bool:
+ """Checks if a given encoding is ascii."""
+ try:
+ return codecs.lookup(encoding).name == "ascii"
+ except LookupError:
+ return False
+
+
+def get_best_encoding(stream: t.IO) -> str:
+ """Returns the default stream encoding if not found."""
+ rv = getattr(stream, "encoding", None) or sys.getdefaultencoding()
+ if is_ascii_encoding(rv):
+ return "utf-8"
+ return rv
+
+
+class _NonClosingTextIOWrapper(io.TextIOWrapper):
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ stream: t.BinaryIO,
+ encoding: t.Optional[str],
+ errors: t.Optional[str],
+ force_readable: bool = False,
+ force_writable: bool = False,
+ **extra: t.Any,
+ ) -> None:
+ self._stream = stream = t.cast(
+ t.BinaryIO, _FixupStream(stream, force_readable, force_writable)
+ )
+ super().__init__(stream, encoding, errors, **extra)
+
+ def __del__(self) -> None:
+ try:
+ self.detach()
+ except Exception:
+ pass
+
+ def isatty(self) -> bool:
+ # https://bitbucket.org/pypy/pypy/issue/1803
+ return self._stream.isatty()
+
+
+class _FixupStream:
+ """The new io interface needs more from streams than streams
+ traditionally implement. As such, this fix-up code is necessary in
+ some circumstances.
+
+ The forcing of readable and writable flags are there because some tools
+ put badly patched objects on sys (one such offender are certain version
+ of jupyter notebook).
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ stream: t.BinaryIO,
+ force_readable: bool = False,
+ force_writable: bool = False,
+ ):
+ self._stream = stream
+ self._force_readable = force_readable
+ self._force_writable = force_writable
+
+ def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+ return getattr(self._stream, name)
+
+ def read1(self, size: int) -> bytes:
+ f = getattr(self._stream, "read1", None)
+
+ if f is not None:
+ return t.cast(bytes, f(size))
+
+ return self._stream.read(size)
+
+ def readable(self) -> bool:
+ if self._force_readable:
+ return True
+ x = getattr(self._stream, "readable", None)
+ if x is not None:
+ return t.cast(bool, x())
+ try:
+ self._stream.read(0)
+ except Exception:
+ return False
+ return True
+
+ def writable(self) -> bool:
+ if self._force_writable:
+ return True
+ x = getattr(self._stream, "writable", None)
+ if x is not None:
+ return t.cast(bool, x())
+ try:
+ self._stream.write("") # type: ignore
+ except Exception:
+ try:
+ self._stream.write(b"")
+ except Exception:
+ return False
+ return True
+
+ def seekable(self) -> bool:
+ x = getattr(self._stream, "seekable", None)
+ if x is not None:
+ return t.cast(bool, x())
+ try:
+ self._stream.seek(self._stream.tell())
+ except Exception:
+ return False
+ return True
+
+
+def _is_binary_reader(stream: t.IO, default: bool = False) -> bool:
+ try:
+ return isinstance(stream.read(0), bytes)
+ except Exception:
+ return default
+ # This happens in some cases where the stream was already
+ # closed. In this case, we assume the default.
+
+
+def _is_binary_writer(stream: t.IO, default: bool = False) -> bool:
+ try:
+ stream.write(b"")
+ except Exception:
+ try:
+ stream.write("")
+ return False
+ except Exception:
+ pass
+ return default
+ return True
+
+
+def _find_binary_reader(stream: t.IO) -> t.Optional[t.BinaryIO]:
+ # We need to figure out if the given stream is already binary.
+ # This can happen because the official docs recommend detaching
+ # the streams to get binary streams. Some code might do this, so
+ # we need to deal with this case explicitly.
+ if _is_binary_reader(stream, False):
+ return t.cast(t.BinaryIO, stream)
+
+ buf = getattr(stream, "buffer", None)
+
+ # Same situation here; this time we assume that the buffer is
+ # actually binary in case it's closed.
+ if buf is not None and _is_binary_reader(buf, True):
+ return t.cast(t.BinaryIO, buf)
+
+ return None
+
+
+def _find_binary_writer(stream: t.IO) -> t.Optional[t.BinaryIO]:
+ # We need to figure out if the given stream is already binary.
+ # This can happen because the official docs recommend detaching
+ # the streams to get binary streams. Some code might do this, so
+ # we need to deal with this case explicitly.
+ if _is_binary_writer(stream, False):
+ return t.cast(t.BinaryIO, stream)
+
+ buf = getattr(stream, "buffer", None)
+
+ # Same situation here; this time we assume that the buffer is
+ # actually binary in case it's closed.
+ if buf is not None and _is_binary_writer(buf, True):
+ return t.cast(t.BinaryIO, buf)
+
+ return None
+
+
+def _stream_is_misconfigured(stream: t.TextIO) -> bool:
+ """A stream is misconfigured if its encoding is ASCII."""
+ # If the stream does not have an encoding set, we assume it's set
+ # to ASCII. This appears to happen in certain unittest
+ # environments. It's not quite clear what the correct behavior is
+ # but this at least will force Click to recover somehow.
+ return is_ascii_encoding(getattr(stream, "encoding", None) or "ascii")
+
+
+def _is_compat_stream_attr(stream: t.TextIO, attr: str, value: t.Optional[str]) -> bool:
+ """A stream attribute is compatible if it is equal to the
+ desired value or the desired value is unset and the attribute
+ has a value.
+ """
+ stream_value = getattr(stream, attr, None)
+ return stream_value == value or (value is None and stream_value is not None)
+
+
+def _is_compatible_text_stream(
+ stream: t.TextIO, encoding: t.Optional[str], errors: t.Optional[str]
+) -> bool:
+ """Check if a stream's encoding and errors attributes are
+ compatible with the desired values.
+ """
+ return _is_compat_stream_attr(
+ stream, "encoding", encoding
+ ) and _is_compat_stream_attr(stream, "errors", errors)
+
+
+def _force_correct_text_stream(
+ text_stream: t.IO,
+ encoding: t.Optional[str],
+ errors: t.Optional[str],
+ is_binary: t.Callable[[t.IO, bool], bool],
+ find_binary: t.Callable[[t.IO], t.Optional[t.BinaryIO]],
+ force_readable: bool = False,
+ force_writable: bool = False,
+) -> t.TextIO:
+ if is_binary(text_stream, False):
+ binary_reader = t.cast(t.BinaryIO, text_stream)
+ else:
+ text_stream = t.cast(t.TextIO, text_stream)
+ # If the stream looks compatible, and won't default to a
+ # misconfigured ascii encoding, return it as-is.
+ if _is_compatible_text_stream(text_stream, encoding, errors) and not (
+ encoding is None and _stream_is_misconfigured(text_stream)
+ ):
+ return text_stream
+
+ # Otherwise, get the underlying binary reader.
+ possible_binary_reader = find_binary(text_stream)
+
+ # If that's not possible, silently use the original reader
+ # and get mojibake instead of exceptions.
+ if possible_binary_reader is None:
+ return text_stream
+
+ binary_reader = possible_binary_reader
+
+ # Default errors to replace instead of strict in order to get
+ # something that works.
+ if errors is None:
+ errors = "replace"
+
+ # Wrap the binary stream in a text stream with the correct
+ # encoding parameters.
+ return _make_text_stream(
+ binary_reader,
+ encoding,
+ errors,
+ force_readable=force_readable,
+ force_writable=force_writable,
+ )
+
+
+def _force_correct_text_reader(
+ text_reader: t.IO,
+ encoding: t.Optional[str],
+ errors: t.Optional[str],
+ force_readable: bool = False,
+) -> t.TextIO:
+ return _force_correct_text_stream(
+ text_reader,
+ encoding,
+ errors,
+ _is_binary_reader,
+ _find_binary_reader,
+ force_readable=force_readable,
+ )
+
+
+def _force_correct_text_writer(
+ text_writer: t.IO,
+ encoding: t.Optional[str],
+ errors: t.Optional[str],
+ force_writable: bool = False,
+) -> t.TextIO:
+ return _force_correct_text_stream(
+ text_writer,
+ encoding,
+ errors,
+ _is_binary_writer,
+ _find_binary_writer,
+ force_writable=force_writable,
+ )
+
+
+def get_binary_stdin() -> t.BinaryIO:
+ reader = _find_binary_reader(sys.stdin)
+ if reader is None:
+ raise RuntimeError("Was not able to determine binary stream for sys.stdin.")
+ return reader
+
+
+def get_binary_stdout() -> t.BinaryIO:
+ writer = _find_binary_writer(sys.stdout)
+ if writer is None:
+ raise RuntimeError("Was not able to determine binary stream for sys.stdout.")
+ return writer
+
+
+def get_binary_stderr() -> t.BinaryIO:
+ writer = _find_binary_writer(sys.stderr)
+ if writer is None:
+ raise RuntimeError("Was not able to determine binary stream for sys.stderr.")
+ return writer
+
+
+def get_text_stdin(
+ encoding: t.Optional[str] = None, errors: t.Optional[str] = None
+) -> t.TextIO:
+ rv = _get_windows_console_stream(sys.stdin, encoding, errors)
+ if rv is not None:
+ return rv
+ return _force_correct_text_reader(sys.stdin, encoding, errors, force_readable=True)
+
+
+def get_text_stdout(
+ encoding: t.Optional[str] = None, errors: t.Optional[str] = None
+) -> t.TextIO:
+ rv = _get_windows_console_stream(sys.stdout, encoding, errors)
+ if rv is not None:
+ return rv
+ return _force_correct_text_writer(sys.stdout, encoding, errors, force_writable=True)
+
+
+def get_text_stderr(
+ encoding: t.Optional[str] = None, errors: t.Optional[str] = None
+) -> t.TextIO:
+ rv = _get_windows_console_stream(sys.stderr, encoding, errors)
+ if rv is not None:
+ return rv
+ return _force_correct_text_writer(sys.stderr, encoding, errors, force_writable=True)
+
+
+def _wrap_io_open(
+ file: t.Union[str, os.PathLike, int],
+ mode: str,
+ encoding: t.Optional[str],
+ errors: t.Optional[str],
+) -> t.IO:
+ """Handles not passing ``encoding`` and ``errors`` in binary mode."""
+ if "b" in mode:
+ return open(file, mode)
+
+ return open(file, mode, encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
+
+
+def open_stream(
+ filename: str,
+ mode: str = "r",
+ encoding: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ errors: t.Optional[str] = "strict",
+ atomic: bool = False,
+) -> t.Tuple[t.IO, bool]:
+ binary = "b" in mode
+
+ # Standard streams first. These are simple because they don't need
+ # special handling for the atomic flag. It's entirely ignored.
+ if filename == "-":
+ if any(m in mode for m in ["w", "a", "x"]):
+ if binary:
+ return get_binary_stdout(), False
+ return get_text_stdout(encoding=encoding, errors=errors), False
+ if binary:
+ return get_binary_stdin(), False
+ return get_text_stdin(encoding=encoding, errors=errors), False
+
+ # Non-atomic writes directly go out through the regular open functions.
+ if not atomic:
+ return _wrap_io_open(filename, mode, encoding, errors), True
+
+ # Some usability stuff for atomic writes
+ if "a" in mode:
+ raise ValueError(
+ "Appending to an existing file is not supported, because that"
+ " would involve an expensive `copy`-operation to a temporary"
+ " file. Open the file in normal `w`-mode and copy explicitly"
+ " if that's what you're after."
+ )
+ if "x" in mode:
+ raise ValueError("Use the `overwrite`-parameter instead.")
+ if "w" not in mode:
+ raise ValueError("Atomic writes only make sense with `w`-mode.")
+
+ # Atomic writes are more complicated. They work by opening a file
+ # as a proxy in the same folder and then using the fdopen
+ # functionality to wrap it in a Python file. Then we wrap it in an
+ # atomic file that moves the file over on close.
+ import errno
+ import random
+
+ try:
+ perm: t.Optional[int] = os.stat(filename).st_mode
+ except OSError:
+ perm = None
+
+ flags = os.O_RDWR | os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL
+
+ if binary:
+ flags |= getattr(os, "O_BINARY", 0)
+
+ while True:
+ tmp_filename = os.path.join(
+ os.path.dirname(filename),
+ f".__atomic-write{random.randrange(1 << 32):08x}",
+ )
+ try:
+ fd = os.open(tmp_filename, flags, 0o666 if perm is None else perm)
+ break
+ except OSError as e:
+ if e.errno == errno.EEXIST or (
+ os.name == "nt"
+ and e.errno == errno.EACCES
+ and os.path.isdir(e.filename)
+ and os.access(e.filename, os.W_OK)
+ ):
+ continue
+ raise
+
+ if perm is not None:
+ os.chmod(tmp_filename, perm) # in case perm includes bits in umask
+
+ f = _wrap_io_open(fd, mode, encoding, errors)
+ af = _AtomicFile(f, tmp_filename, os.path.realpath(filename))
+ return t.cast(t.IO, af), True
+
+
+class _AtomicFile:
+ def __init__(self, f: t.IO, tmp_filename: str, real_filename: str) -> None:
+ self._f = f
+ self._tmp_filename = tmp_filename
+ self._real_filename = real_filename
+ self.closed = False
+
+ @property
+ def name(self) -> str:
+ return self._real_filename
+
+ def close(self, delete: bool = False) -> None:
+ if self.closed:
+ return
+ self._f.close()
+ os.replace(self._tmp_filename, self._real_filename)
+ self.closed = True
+
+ def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+ return getattr(self._f, name)
+
+ def __enter__(self) -> "_AtomicFile":
+ return self
+
+ def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb): # type: ignore
+ self.close(delete=exc_type is not None)
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return repr(self._f)
+
+
+def strip_ansi(value: str) -> str:
+ return _ansi_re.sub("", value)
+
+
+def _is_jupyter_kernel_output(stream: t.IO) -> bool:
+ while isinstance(stream, (_FixupStream, _NonClosingTextIOWrapper)):
+ stream = stream._stream
+
+ return stream.__class__.__module__.startswith("ipykernel.")
+
+
+def should_strip_ansi(
+ stream: t.Optional[t.IO] = None, color: t.Optional[bool] = None
+) -> bool:
+ if color is None:
+ if stream is None:
+ stream = sys.stdin
+ return not isatty(stream) and not _is_jupyter_kernel_output(stream)
+ return not color
+
+
+# On Windows, wrap the output streams with colorama to support ANSI
+# color codes.
+# NOTE: double check is needed so mypy does not analyze this on Linux
+if sys.platform.startswith("win") and WIN:
+ from ._winconsole import _get_windows_console_stream
+
+ def _get_argv_encoding() -> str:
+ import locale
+
+ return locale.getpreferredencoding()
+
+ _ansi_stream_wrappers: t.MutableMapping[t.TextIO, t.TextIO] = WeakKeyDictionary()
+
+ def auto_wrap_for_ansi(
+ stream: t.TextIO, color: t.Optional[bool] = None
+ ) -> t.TextIO:
+ """Support ANSI color and style codes on Windows by wrapping a
+ stream with colorama.
+ """
+ try:
+ cached = _ansi_stream_wrappers.get(stream)
+ except Exception:
+ cached = None
+
+ if cached is not None:
+ return cached
+
+ import colorama
+
+ strip = should_strip_ansi(stream, color)
+ ansi_wrapper = colorama.AnsiToWin32(stream, strip=strip)
+ rv = t.cast(t.TextIO, ansi_wrapper.stream)
+ _write = rv.write
+
+ def _safe_write(s):
+ try:
+ return _write(s)
+ except BaseException:
+ ansi_wrapper.reset_all()
+ raise
+
+ rv.write = _safe_write
+
+ try:
+ _ansi_stream_wrappers[stream] = rv
+ except Exception:
+ pass
+
+ return rv
+
+
+else:
+
+ def _get_argv_encoding() -> str:
+ return getattr(sys.stdin, "encoding", None) or get_filesystem_encoding()
+
+ def _get_windows_console_stream(
+ f: t.TextIO, encoding: t.Optional[str], errors: t.Optional[str]
+ ) -> t.Optional[t.TextIO]:
+ return None
+
+
+def term_len(x: str) -> int:
+ return len(strip_ansi(x))
+
+
+def isatty(stream: t.IO) -> bool:
+ try:
+ return stream.isatty()
+ except Exception:
+ return False
+
+
+def _make_cached_stream_func(
+ src_func: t.Callable[[], t.TextIO], wrapper_func: t.Callable[[], t.TextIO]
+) -> t.Callable[[], t.TextIO]:
+ cache: t.MutableMapping[t.TextIO, t.TextIO] = WeakKeyDictionary()
+
+ def func() -> t.TextIO:
+ stream = src_func()
+ try:
+ rv = cache.get(stream)
+ except Exception:
+ rv = None
+ if rv is not None:
+ return rv
+ rv = wrapper_func()
+ try:
+ cache[stream] = rv
+ except Exception:
+ pass
+ return rv
+
+ return func
+
+
+_default_text_stdin = _make_cached_stream_func(lambda: sys.stdin, get_text_stdin)
+_default_text_stdout = _make_cached_stream_func(lambda: sys.stdout, get_text_stdout)
+_default_text_stderr = _make_cached_stream_func(lambda: sys.stderr, get_text_stderr)
+
+
+binary_streams: t.Mapping[str, t.Callable[[], t.BinaryIO]] = {
+ "stdin": get_binary_stdin,
+ "stdout": get_binary_stdout,
+ "stderr": get_binary_stderr,
+}
+
+text_streams: t.Mapping[
+ str, t.Callable[[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[str]], t.TextIO]
+] = {
+ "stdin": get_text_stdin,
+ "stdout": get_text_stdout,
+ "stderr": get_text_stderr,
+}
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/_termui_impl.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/_termui_impl.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..06cf2b775
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/_termui_impl.py
@@ -0,0 +1,717 @@
+"""
+This module contains implementations for the termui module. To keep the
+import time of Click down, some infrequently used functionality is
+placed in this module and only imported as needed.
+"""
+import contextlib
+import math
+import os
+import sys
+import time
+import typing as t
+from gettext import gettext as _
+
+from ._compat import _default_text_stdout
+from ._compat import CYGWIN
+from ._compat import get_best_encoding
+from ._compat import isatty
+from ._compat import open_stream
+from ._compat import strip_ansi
+from ._compat import term_len
+from ._compat import WIN
+from .exceptions import ClickException
+from .utils import echo
+
+V = t.TypeVar("V")
+
+if os.name == "nt":
+ BEFORE_BAR = "\r"
+ AFTER_BAR = "\n"
+else:
+ BEFORE_BAR = "\r\033[?25l"
+ AFTER_BAR = "\033[?25h\n"
+
+
+class ProgressBar(t.Generic[V]):
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ iterable: t.Optional[t.Iterable[V]],
+ length: t.Optional[int] = None,
+ fill_char: str = "#",
+ empty_char: str = " ",
+ bar_template: str = "%(bar)s",
+ info_sep: str = " ",
+ show_eta: bool = True,
+ show_percent: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ show_pos: bool = False,
+ item_show_func: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.Optional[V]], t.Optional[str]]] = None,
+ label: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ file: t.Optional[t.TextIO] = None,
+ color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ update_min_steps: int = 1,
+ width: int = 30,
+ ) -> None:
+ self.fill_char = fill_char
+ self.empty_char = empty_char
+ self.bar_template = bar_template
+ self.info_sep = info_sep
+ self.show_eta = show_eta
+ self.show_percent = show_percent
+ self.show_pos = show_pos
+ self.item_show_func = item_show_func
+ self.label = label or ""
+ if file is None:
+ file = _default_text_stdout()
+ self.file = file
+ self.color = color
+ self.update_min_steps = update_min_steps
+ self._completed_intervals = 0
+ self.width = width
+ self.autowidth = width == 0
+
+ if length is None:
+ from operator import length_hint
+
+ length = length_hint(iterable, -1)
+
+ if length == -1:
+ length = None
+ if iterable is None:
+ if length is None:
+ raise TypeError("iterable or length is required")
+ iterable = t.cast(t.Iterable[V], range(length))
+ self.iter = iter(iterable)
+ self.length = length
+ self.pos = 0
+ self.avg: t.List[float] = []
+ self.start = self.last_eta = time.time()
+ self.eta_known = False
+ self.finished = False
+ self.max_width: t.Optional[int] = None
+ self.entered = False
+ self.current_item: t.Optional[V] = None
+ self.is_hidden = not isatty(self.file)
+ self._last_line: t.Optional[str] = None
+
+ def __enter__(self) -> "ProgressBar":
+ self.entered = True
+ self.render_progress()
+ return self
+
+ def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb): # type: ignore
+ self.render_finish()
+
+ def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[V]:
+ if not self.entered:
+ raise RuntimeError("You need to use progress bars in a with block.")
+ self.render_progress()
+ return self.generator()
+
+ def __next__(self) -> V:
+ # Iteration is defined in terms of a generator function,
+ # returned by iter(self); use that to define next(). This works
+ # because `self.iter` is an iterable consumed by that generator,
+ # so it is re-entry safe. Calling `next(self.generator())`
+ # twice works and does "what you want".
+ return next(iter(self))
+
+ def render_finish(self) -> None:
+ if self.is_hidden:
+ return
+ self.file.write(AFTER_BAR)
+ self.file.flush()
+
+ @property
+ def pct(self) -> float:
+ if self.finished:
+ return 1.0
+ return min(self.pos / (float(self.length or 1) or 1), 1.0)
+
+ @property
+ def time_per_iteration(self) -> float:
+ if not self.avg:
+ return 0.0
+ return sum(self.avg) / float(len(self.avg))
+
+ @property
+ def eta(self) -> float:
+ if self.length is not None and not self.finished:
+ return self.time_per_iteration * (self.length - self.pos)
+ return 0.0
+
+ def format_eta(self) -> str:
+ if self.eta_known:
+ t = int(self.eta)
+ seconds = t % 60
+ t //= 60
+ minutes = t % 60
+ t //= 60
+ hours = t % 24
+ t //= 24
+ if t > 0:
+ return f"{t}d {hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}"
+ else:
+ return f"{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}"
+ return ""
+
+ def format_pos(self) -> str:
+ pos = str(self.pos)
+ if self.length is not None:
+ pos += f"/{self.length}"
+ return pos
+
+ def format_pct(self) -> str:
+ return f"{int(self.pct * 100): 4}%"[1:]
+
+ def format_bar(self) -> str:
+ if self.length is not None:
+ bar_length = int(self.pct * self.width)
+ bar = self.fill_char * bar_length
+ bar += self.empty_char * (self.width - bar_length)
+ elif self.finished:
+ bar = self.fill_char * self.width
+ else:
+ chars = list(self.empty_char * (self.width or 1))
+ if self.time_per_iteration != 0:
+ chars[
+ int(
+ (math.cos(self.pos * self.time_per_iteration) / 2.0 + 0.5)
+ * self.width
+ )
+ ] = self.fill_char
+ bar = "".join(chars)
+ return bar
+
+ def format_progress_line(self) -> str:
+ show_percent = self.show_percent
+
+ info_bits = []
+ if self.length is not None and show_percent is None:
+ show_percent = not self.show_pos
+
+ if self.show_pos:
+ info_bits.append(self.format_pos())
+ if show_percent:
+ info_bits.append(self.format_pct())
+ if self.show_eta and self.eta_known and not self.finished:
+ info_bits.append(self.format_eta())
+ if self.item_show_func is not None:
+ item_info = self.item_show_func(self.current_item)
+ if item_info is not None:
+ info_bits.append(item_info)
+
+ return (
+ self.bar_template
+ % {
+ "label": self.label,
+ "bar": self.format_bar(),
+ "info": self.info_sep.join(info_bits),
+ }
+ ).rstrip()
+
+ def render_progress(self) -> None:
+ import shutil
+
+ if self.is_hidden:
+ # Only output the label as it changes if the output is not a
+ # TTY. Use file=stderr if you expect to be piping stdout.
+ if self._last_line != self.label:
+ self._last_line = self.label
+ echo(self.label, file=self.file, color=self.color)
+
+ return
+
+ buf = []
+ # Update width in case the terminal has been resized
+ if self.autowidth:
+ old_width = self.width
+ self.width = 0
+ clutter_length = term_len(self.format_progress_line())
+ new_width = max(0, shutil.get_terminal_size().columns - clutter_length)
+ if new_width < old_width:
+ buf.append(BEFORE_BAR)
+ buf.append(" " * self.max_width) # type: ignore
+ self.max_width = new_width
+ self.width = new_width
+
+ clear_width = self.width
+ if self.max_width is not None:
+ clear_width = self.max_width
+
+ buf.append(BEFORE_BAR)
+ line = self.format_progress_line()
+ line_len = term_len(line)
+ if self.max_width is None or self.max_width < line_len:
+ self.max_width = line_len
+
+ buf.append(line)
+ buf.append(" " * (clear_width - line_len))
+ line = "".join(buf)
+ # Render the line only if it changed.
+
+ if line != self._last_line:
+ self._last_line = line
+ echo(line, file=self.file, color=self.color, nl=False)
+ self.file.flush()
+
+ def make_step(self, n_steps: int) -> None:
+ self.pos += n_steps
+ if self.length is not None and self.pos >= self.length:
+ self.finished = True
+
+ if (time.time() - self.last_eta) < 1.0:
+ return
+
+ self.last_eta = time.time()
+
+ # self.avg is a rolling list of length <= 7 of steps where steps are
+ # defined as time elapsed divided by the total progress through
+ # self.length.
+ if self.pos:
+ step = (time.time() - self.start) / self.pos
+ else:
+ step = time.time() - self.start
+
+ self.avg = self.avg[-6:] + [step]
+
+ self.eta_known = self.length is not None
+
+ def update(self, n_steps: int, current_item: t.Optional[V] = None) -> None:
+ """Update the progress bar by advancing a specified number of
+ steps, and optionally set the ``current_item`` for this new
+ position.
+
+ :param n_steps: Number of steps to advance.
+ :param current_item: Optional item to set as ``current_item``
+ for the updated position.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Added the ``current_item`` optional parameter.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Only render when the number of steps meets the
+ ``update_min_steps`` threshold.
+ """
+ if current_item is not None:
+ self.current_item = current_item
+
+ self._completed_intervals += n_steps
+
+ if self._completed_intervals >= self.update_min_steps:
+ self.make_step(self._completed_intervals)
+ self.render_progress()
+ self._completed_intervals = 0
+
+ def finish(self) -> None:
+ self.eta_known = False
+ self.current_item = None
+ self.finished = True
+
+ def generator(self) -> t.Iterator[V]:
+ """Return a generator which yields the items added to the bar
+ during construction, and updates the progress bar *after* the
+ yielded block returns.
+ """
+ # WARNING: the iterator interface for `ProgressBar` relies on
+ # this and only works because this is a simple generator which
+ # doesn't create or manage additional state. If this function
+ # changes, the impact should be evaluated both against
+ # `iter(bar)` and `next(bar)`. `next()` in particular may call
+ # `self.generator()` repeatedly, and this must remain safe in
+ # order for that interface to work.
+ if not self.entered:
+ raise RuntimeError("You need to use progress bars in a with block.")
+
+ if self.is_hidden:
+ yield from self.iter
+ else:
+ for rv in self.iter:
+ self.current_item = rv
+
+ # This allows show_item_func to be updated before the
+ # item is processed. Only trigger at the beginning of
+ # the update interval.
+ if self._completed_intervals == 0:
+ self.render_progress()
+
+ yield rv
+ self.update(1)
+
+ self.finish()
+ self.render_progress()
+
+
+def pager(generator: t.Iterable[str], color: t.Optional[bool] = None) -> None:
+ """Decide what method to use for paging through text."""
+ stdout = _default_text_stdout()
+ if not isatty(sys.stdin) or not isatty(stdout):
+ return _nullpager(stdout, generator, color)
+ pager_cmd = (os.environ.get("PAGER", None) or "").strip()
+ if pager_cmd:
+ if WIN:
+ return _tempfilepager(generator, pager_cmd, color)
+ return _pipepager(generator, pager_cmd, color)
+ if os.environ.get("TERM") in ("dumb", "emacs"):
+ return _nullpager(stdout, generator, color)
+ if WIN or sys.platform.startswith("os2"):
+ return _tempfilepager(generator, "more <", color)
+ if hasattr(os, "system") and os.system("(less) 2>/dev/null") == 0:
+ return _pipepager(generator, "less", color)
+
+ import tempfile
+
+ fd, filename = tempfile.mkstemp()
+ os.close(fd)
+ try:
+ if hasattr(os, "system") and os.system(f'more "{filename}"') == 0:
+ return _pipepager(generator, "more", color)
+ return _nullpager(stdout, generator, color)
+ finally:
+ os.unlink(filename)
+
+
+def _pipepager(generator: t.Iterable[str], cmd: str, color: t.Optional[bool]) -> None:
+ """Page through text by feeding it to another program. Invoking a
+ pager through this might support colors.
+ """
+ import subprocess
+
+ env = dict(os.environ)
+
+ # If we're piping to less we might support colors under the
+ # condition that
+ cmd_detail = cmd.rsplit("/", 1)[-1].split()
+ if color is None and cmd_detail[0] == "less":
+ less_flags = f"{os.environ.get('LESS', '')}{' '.join(cmd_detail[1:])}"
+ if not less_flags:
+ env["LESS"] = "-R"
+ color = True
+ elif "r" in less_flags or "R" in less_flags:
+ color = True
+
+ c = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, env=env)
+ stdin = t.cast(t.BinaryIO, c.stdin)
+ encoding = get_best_encoding(stdin)
+ try:
+ for text in generator:
+ if not color:
+ text = strip_ansi(text)
+
+ stdin.write(text.encode(encoding, "replace"))
+ except (OSError, KeyboardInterrupt):
+ pass
+ else:
+ stdin.close()
+
+ # Less doesn't respect ^C, but catches it for its own UI purposes (aborting
+ # search or other commands inside less).
+ #
+ # That means when the user hits ^C, the parent process (click) terminates,
+ # but less is still alive, paging the output and messing up the terminal.
+ #
+ # If the user wants to make the pager exit on ^C, they should set
+ # `LESS='-K'`. It's not our decision to make.
+ while True:
+ try:
+ c.wait()
+ except KeyboardInterrupt:
+ pass
+ else:
+ break
+
+
+def _tempfilepager(
+ generator: t.Iterable[str], cmd: str, color: t.Optional[bool]
+) -> None:
+ """Page through text by invoking a program on a temporary file."""
+ import tempfile
+
+ _, filename = tempfile.mkstemp()
+ # TODO: This never terminates if the passed generator never terminates.
+ text = "".join(generator)
+ if not color:
+ text = strip_ansi(text)
+ encoding = get_best_encoding(sys.stdout)
+ with open_stream(filename, "wb")[0] as f:
+ f.write(text.encode(encoding))
+ try:
+ os.system(f'{cmd} "{filename}"')
+ finally:
+ os.unlink(filename)
+
+
+def _nullpager(
+ stream: t.TextIO, generator: t.Iterable[str], color: t.Optional[bool]
+) -> None:
+ """Simply print unformatted text. This is the ultimate fallback."""
+ for text in generator:
+ if not color:
+ text = strip_ansi(text)
+ stream.write(text)
+
+
+class Editor:
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ editor: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ env: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+ require_save: bool = True,
+ extension: str = ".txt",
+ ) -> None:
+ self.editor = editor
+ self.env = env
+ self.require_save = require_save
+ self.extension = extension
+
+ def get_editor(self) -> str:
+ if self.editor is not None:
+ return self.editor
+ for key in "VISUAL", "EDITOR":
+ rv = os.environ.get(key)
+ if rv:
+ return rv
+ if WIN:
+ return "notepad"
+ for editor in "sensible-editor", "vim", "nano":
+ if os.system(f"which {editor} >/dev/null 2>&1") == 0:
+ return editor
+ return "vi"
+
+ def edit_file(self, filename: str) -> None:
+ import subprocess
+
+ editor = self.get_editor()
+ environ: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, str]] = None
+
+ if self.env:
+ environ = os.environ.copy()
+ environ.update(self.env)
+
+ try:
+ c = subprocess.Popen(f'{editor} "{filename}"', env=environ, shell=True)
+ exit_code = c.wait()
+ if exit_code != 0:
+ raise ClickException(
+ _("{editor}: Editing failed").format(editor=editor)
+ )
+ except OSError as e:
+ raise ClickException(
+ _("{editor}: Editing failed: {e}").format(editor=editor, e=e)
+ )
+
+ def edit(self, text: t.Optional[t.AnyStr]) -> t.Optional[t.AnyStr]:
+ import tempfile
+
+ if not text:
+ data = b""
+ elif isinstance(text, (bytes, bytearray)):
+ data = text
+ else:
+ if text and not text.endswith("\n"):
+ text += "\n"
+
+ if WIN:
+ data = text.replace("\n", "\r\n").encode("utf-8-sig")
+ else:
+ data = text.encode("utf-8")
+
+ fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix="editor-", suffix=self.extension)
+ f: t.BinaryIO
+
+ try:
+ with os.fdopen(fd, "wb") as f:
+ f.write(data)
+
+ # If the filesystem resolution is 1 second, like Mac OS
+ # 10.12 Extended, or 2 seconds, like FAT32, and the editor
+ # closes very fast, require_save can fail. Set the modified
+ # time to be 2 seconds in the past to work around this.
+ os.utime(name, (os.path.getatime(name), os.path.getmtime(name) - 2))
+ # Depending on the resolution, the exact value might not be
+ # recorded, so get the new recorded value.
+ timestamp = os.path.getmtime(name)
+
+ self.edit_file(name)
+
+ if self.require_save and os.path.getmtime(name) == timestamp:
+ return None
+
+ with open(name, "rb") as f:
+ rv = f.read()
+
+ if isinstance(text, (bytes, bytearray)):
+ return rv
+
+ return rv.decode("utf-8-sig").replace("\r\n", "\n") # type: ignore
+ finally:
+ os.unlink(name)
+
+
+def open_url(url: str, wait: bool = False, locate: bool = False) -> int:
+ import subprocess
+
+ def _unquote_file(url: str) -> str:
+ from urllib.parse import unquote
+
+ if url.startswith("file://"):
+ url = unquote(url[7:])
+
+ return url
+
+ if sys.platform == "darwin":
+ args = ["open"]
+ if wait:
+ args.append("-W")
+ if locate:
+ args.append("-R")
+ args.append(_unquote_file(url))
+ null = open("/dev/null", "w")
+ try:
+ return subprocess.Popen(args, stderr=null).wait()
+ finally:
+ null.close()
+ elif WIN:
+ if locate:
+ url = _unquote_file(url.replace('"', ""))
+ args = f'explorer /select,"{url}"'
+ else:
+ url = url.replace('"', "")
+ wait_str = "/WAIT" if wait else ""
+ args = f'start {wait_str} "" "{url}"'
+ return os.system(args)
+ elif CYGWIN:
+ if locate:
+ url = os.path.dirname(_unquote_file(url).replace('"', ""))
+ args = f'cygstart "{url}"'
+ else:
+ url = url.replace('"', "")
+ wait_str = "-w" if wait else ""
+ args = f'cygstart {wait_str} "{url}"'
+ return os.system(args)
+
+ try:
+ if locate:
+ url = os.path.dirname(_unquote_file(url)) or "."
+ else:
+ url = _unquote_file(url)
+ c = subprocess.Popen(["xdg-open", url])
+ if wait:
+ return c.wait()
+ return 0
+ except OSError:
+ if url.startswith(("http://", "https://")) and not locate and not wait:
+ import webbrowser
+
+ webbrowser.open(url)
+ return 0
+ return 1
+
+
+def _translate_ch_to_exc(ch: str) -> t.Optional[BaseException]:
+ if ch == "\x03":
+ raise KeyboardInterrupt()
+
+ if ch == "\x04" and not WIN: # Unix-like, Ctrl+D
+ raise EOFError()
+
+ if ch == "\x1a" and WIN: # Windows, Ctrl+Z
+ raise EOFError()
+
+ return None
+
+
+if WIN:
+ import msvcrt
+
+ @contextlib.contextmanager
+ def raw_terminal() -> t.Iterator[int]:
+ yield -1
+
+ def getchar(echo: bool) -> str:
+ # The function `getch` will return a bytes object corresponding to
+ # the pressed character. Since Windows 10 build 1803, it will also
+ # return \x00 when called a second time after pressing a regular key.
+ #
+ # `getwch` does not share this probably-bugged behavior. Moreover, it
+ # returns a Unicode object by default, which is what we want.
+ #
+ # Either of these functions will return \x00 or \xe0 to indicate
+ # a special key, and you need to call the same function again to get
+ # the "rest" of the code. The fun part is that \u00e0 is
+ # "latin small letter a with grave", so if you type that on a French
+ # keyboard, you _also_ get a \xe0.
+ # E.g., consider the Up arrow. This returns \xe0 and then \x48. The
+ # resulting Unicode string reads as "a with grave" + "capital H".
+ # This is indistinguishable from when the user actually types
+ # "a with grave" and then "capital H".
+ #
+ # When \xe0 is returned, we assume it's part of a special-key sequence
+ # and call `getwch` again, but that means that when the user types
+ # the \u00e0 character, `getchar` doesn't return until a second
+ # character is typed.
+ # The alternative is returning immediately, but that would mess up
+ # cross-platform handling of arrow keys and others that start with
+ # \xe0. Another option is using `getch`, but then we can't reliably
+ # read non-ASCII characters, because return values of `getch` are
+ # limited to the current 8-bit codepage.
+ #
+ # Anyway, Click doesn't claim to do this Right(tm), and using `getwch`
+ # is doing the right thing in more situations than with `getch`.
+ func: t.Callable[[], str]
+
+ if echo:
+ func = msvcrt.getwche # type: ignore
+ else:
+ func = msvcrt.getwch # type: ignore
+
+ rv = func()
+
+ if rv in ("\x00", "\xe0"):
+ # \x00 and \xe0 are control characters that indicate special key,
+ # see above.
+ rv += func()
+
+ _translate_ch_to_exc(rv)
+ return rv
+
+
+else:
+ import tty
+ import termios
+
+ @contextlib.contextmanager
+ def raw_terminal() -> t.Iterator[int]:
+ f: t.Optional[t.TextIO]
+ fd: int
+
+ if not isatty(sys.stdin):
+ f = open("/dev/tty")
+ fd = f.fileno()
+ else:
+ fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
+ f = None
+
+ try:
+ old_settings = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
+
+ try:
+ tty.setraw(fd)
+ yield fd
+ finally:
+ termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, old_settings)
+ sys.stdout.flush()
+
+ if f is not None:
+ f.close()
+ except termios.error:
+ pass
+
+ def getchar(echo: bool) -> str:
+ with raw_terminal() as fd:
+ ch = os.read(fd, 32).decode(get_best_encoding(sys.stdin), "replace")
+
+ if echo and isatty(sys.stdout):
+ sys.stdout.write(ch)
+
+ _translate_ch_to_exc(ch)
+ return ch
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/_textwrap.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/_textwrap.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b47dcbd42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/_textwrap.py
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+import textwrap
+import typing as t
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+
+
+class TextWrapper(textwrap.TextWrapper):
+ def _handle_long_word(
+ self,
+ reversed_chunks: t.List[str],
+ cur_line: t.List[str],
+ cur_len: int,
+ width: int,
+ ) -> None:
+ space_left = max(width - cur_len, 1)
+
+ if self.break_long_words:
+ last = reversed_chunks[-1]
+ cut = last[:space_left]
+ res = last[space_left:]
+ cur_line.append(cut)
+ reversed_chunks[-1] = res
+ elif not cur_line:
+ cur_line.append(reversed_chunks.pop())
+
+ @contextmanager
+ def extra_indent(self, indent: str) -> t.Iterator[None]:
+ old_initial_indent = self.initial_indent
+ old_subsequent_indent = self.subsequent_indent
+ self.initial_indent += indent
+ self.subsequent_indent += indent
+
+ try:
+ yield
+ finally:
+ self.initial_indent = old_initial_indent
+ self.subsequent_indent = old_subsequent_indent
+
+ def indent_only(self, text: str) -> str:
+ rv = []
+
+ for idx, line in enumerate(text.splitlines()):
+ indent = self.initial_indent
+
+ if idx > 0:
+ indent = self.subsequent_indent
+
+ rv.append(f"{indent}{line}")
+
+ return "\n".join(rv)
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/_unicodefun.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/_unicodefun.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9cb30c384
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/_unicodefun.py
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+import codecs
+import os
+from gettext import gettext as _
+
+
+def _verify_python_env() -> None:
+ """Ensures that the environment is good for Unicode."""
+ try:
+ from locale import getpreferredencoding
+
+ fs_enc = codecs.lookup(getpreferredencoding()).name
+ except Exception:
+ fs_enc = "ascii"
+
+ if fs_enc != "ascii":
+ return
+
+ extra = [
+ _(
+ "Click will abort further execution because Python was"
+ " configured to use ASCII as encoding for the environment."
+ " Consult https://click.palletsprojects.com/unicode-support/"
+ " for mitigation steps."
+ )
+ ]
+
+ if os.name == "posix":
+ import subprocess
+
+ try:
+ rv = subprocess.Popen(
+ ["locale", "-a"],
+ stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+ stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+ encoding="ascii",
+ errors="replace",
+ ).communicate()[0]
+ except OSError:
+ rv = ""
+
+ good_locales = set()
+ has_c_utf8 = False
+
+ for line in rv.splitlines():
+ locale = line.strip()
+
+ if locale.lower().endswith((".utf-8", ".utf8")):
+ good_locales.add(locale)
+
+ if locale.lower() in ("c.utf8", "c.utf-8"):
+ has_c_utf8 = True
+
+ if not good_locales:
+ extra.append(
+ _(
+ "Additional information: on this system no suitable"
+ " UTF-8 locales were discovered. This most likely"
+ " requires resolving by reconfiguring the locale"
+ " system."
+ )
+ )
+ elif has_c_utf8:
+ extra.append(
+ _(
+ "This system supports the C.UTF-8 locale which is"
+ " recommended. You might be able to resolve your"
+ " issue by exporting the following environment"
+ " variables:"
+ )
+ )
+ extra.append(" export LC_ALL=C.UTF-8\n export LANG=C.UTF-8")
+ else:
+ extra.append(
+ _(
+ "This system lists some UTF-8 supporting locales"
+ " that you can pick from. The following suitable"
+ " locales were discovered: {locales}"
+ ).format(locales=", ".join(sorted(good_locales)))
+ )
+
+ bad_locale = None
+
+ for env_locale in os.environ.get("LC_ALL"), os.environ.get("LANG"):
+ if env_locale and env_locale.lower().endswith((".utf-8", ".utf8")):
+ bad_locale = env_locale
+
+ if env_locale is not None:
+ break
+
+ if bad_locale is not None:
+ extra.append(
+ _(
+ "Click discovered that you exported a UTF-8 locale"
+ " but the locale system could not pick up from it"
+ " because it does not exist. The exported locale is"
+ " {locale!r} but it is not supported."
+ ).format(locale=bad_locale)
+ )
+
+ raise RuntimeError("\n\n".join(extra))
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/_winconsole.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/_winconsole.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6b20df315
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/_winconsole.py
@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+# This module is based on the excellent work by Adam Bartoš who
+# provided a lot of what went into the implementation here in
+# the discussion to issue1602 in the Python bug tracker.
+#
+# There are some general differences in regards to how this works
+# compared to the original patches as we do not need to patch
+# the entire interpreter but just work in our little world of
+# echo and prompt.
+import io
+import sys
+import time
+import typing as t
+from ctypes import byref
+from ctypes import c_char
+from ctypes import c_char_p
+from ctypes import c_int
+from ctypes import c_ssize_t
+from ctypes import c_ulong
+from ctypes import c_void_p
+from ctypes import POINTER
+from ctypes import py_object
+from ctypes import Structure
+from ctypes.wintypes import DWORD
+from ctypes.wintypes import HANDLE
+from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR
+from ctypes.wintypes import LPWSTR
+
+from ._compat import _NonClosingTextIOWrapper
+
+assert sys.platform == "win32"
+import msvcrt # noqa: E402
+from ctypes import windll # noqa: E402
+from ctypes import WINFUNCTYPE # noqa: E402
+
+c_ssize_p = POINTER(c_ssize_t)
+
+kernel32 = windll.kernel32
+GetStdHandle = kernel32.GetStdHandle
+ReadConsoleW = kernel32.ReadConsoleW
+WriteConsoleW = kernel32.WriteConsoleW
+GetConsoleMode = kernel32.GetConsoleMode
+GetLastError = kernel32.GetLastError
+GetCommandLineW = WINFUNCTYPE(LPWSTR)(("GetCommandLineW", windll.kernel32))
+CommandLineToArgvW = WINFUNCTYPE(POINTER(LPWSTR), LPCWSTR, POINTER(c_int))(
+ ("CommandLineToArgvW", windll.shell32)
+)
+LocalFree = WINFUNCTYPE(c_void_p, c_void_p)(("LocalFree", windll.kernel32))
+
+STDIN_HANDLE = GetStdHandle(-10)
+STDOUT_HANDLE = GetStdHandle(-11)
+STDERR_HANDLE = GetStdHandle(-12)
+
+PyBUF_SIMPLE = 0
+PyBUF_WRITABLE = 1
+
+ERROR_SUCCESS = 0
+ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY = 8
+ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED = 995
+
+STDIN_FILENO = 0
+STDOUT_FILENO = 1
+STDERR_FILENO = 2
+
+EOF = b"\x1a"
+MAX_BYTES_WRITTEN = 32767
+
+try:
+ from ctypes import pythonapi
+except ImportError:
+ # On PyPy we cannot get buffers so our ability to operate here is
+ # severely limited.
+ get_buffer = None
+else:
+
+ class Py_buffer(Structure):
+ _fields_ = [
+ ("buf", c_void_p),
+ ("obj", py_object),
+ ("len", c_ssize_t),
+ ("itemsize", c_ssize_t),
+ ("readonly", c_int),
+ ("ndim", c_int),
+ ("format", c_char_p),
+ ("shape", c_ssize_p),
+ ("strides", c_ssize_p),
+ ("suboffsets", c_ssize_p),
+ ("internal", c_void_p),
+ ]
+
+ PyObject_GetBuffer = pythonapi.PyObject_GetBuffer
+ PyBuffer_Release = pythonapi.PyBuffer_Release
+
+ def get_buffer(obj, writable=False):
+ buf = Py_buffer()
+ flags = PyBUF_WRITABLE if writable else PyBUF_SIMPLE
+ PyObject_GetBuffer(py_object(obj), byref(buf), flags)
+
+ try:
+ buffer_type = c_char * buf.len
+ return buffer_type.from_address(buf.buf)
+ finally:
+ PyBuffer_Release(byref(buf))
+
+
+class _WindowsConsoleRawIOBase(io.RawIOBase):
+ def __init__(self, handle):
+ self.handle = handle
+
+ def isatty(self):
+ super().isatty()
+ return True
+
+
+class _WindowsConsoleReader(_WindowsConsoleRawIOBase):
+ def readable(self):
+ return True
+
+ def readinto(self, b):
+ bytes_to_be_read = len(b)
+ if not bytes_to_be_read:
+ return 0
+ elif bytes_to_be_read % 2:
+ raise ValueError(
+ "cannot read odd number of bytes from UTF-16-LE encoded console"
+ )
+
+ buffer = get_buffer(b, writable=True)
+ code_units_to_be_read = bytes_to_be_read // 2
+ code_units_read = c_ulong()
+
+ rv = ReadConsoleW(
+ HANDLE(self.handle),
+ buffer,
+ code_units_to_be_read,
+ byref(code_units_read),
+ None,
+ )
+ if GetLastError() == ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED:
+ # wait for KeyboardInterrupt
+ time.sleep(0.1)
+ if not rv:
+ raise OSError(f"Windows error: {GetLastError()}")
+
+ if buffer[0] == EOF:
+ return 0
+ return 2 * code_units_read.value
+
+
+class _WindowsConsoleWriter(_WindowsConsoleRawIOBase):
+ def writable(self):
+ return True
+
+ @staticmethod
+ def _get_error_message(errno):
+ if errno == ERROR_SUCCESS:
+ return "ERROR_SUCCESS"
+ elif errno == ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
+ return "ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY"
+ return f"Windows error {errno}"
+
+ def write(self, b):
+ bytes_to_be_written = len(b)
+ buf = get_buffer(b)
+ code_units_to_be_written = min(bytes_to_be_written, MAX_BYTES_WRITTEN) // 2
+ code_units_written = c_ulong()
+
+ WriteConsoleW(
+ HANDLE(self.handle),
+ buf,
+ code_units_to_be_written,
+ byref(code_units_written),
+ None,
+ )
+ bytes_written = 2 * code_units_written.value
+
+ if bytes_written == 0 and bytes_to_be_written > 0:
+ raise OSError(self._get_error_message(GetLastError()))
+ return bytes_written
+
+
+class ConsoleStream:
+ def __init__(self, text_stream: t.TextIO, byte_stream: t.BinaryIO) -> None:
+ self._text_stream = text_stream
+ self.buffer = byte_stream
+
+ @property
+ def name(self) -> str:
+ return self.buffer.name
+
+ def write(self, x: t.AnyStr) -> int:
+ if isinstance(x, str):
+ return self._text_stream.write(x)
+ try:
+ self.flush()
+ except Exception:
+ pass
+ return self.buffer.write(x)
+
+ def writelines(self, lines: t.Iterable[t.AnyStr]) -> None:
+ for line in lines:
+ self.write(line)
+
+ def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+ return getattr(self._text_stream, name)
+
+ def isatty(self) -> bool:
+ return self.buffer.isatty()
+
+ def __repr__(self):
+ return f""
+
+
+def _get_text_stdin(buffer_stream: t.BinaryIO) -> t.TextIO:
+ text_stream = _NonClosingTextIOWrapper(
+ io.BufferedReader(_WindowsConsoleReader(STDIN_HANDLE)),
+ "utf-16-le",
+ "strict",
+ line_buffering=True,
+ )
+ return t.cast(t.TextIO, ConsoleStream(text_stream, buffer_stream))
+
+
+def _get_text_stdout(buffer_stream: t.BinaryIO) -> t.TextIO:
+ text_stream = _NonClosingTextIOWrapper(
+ io.BufferedWriter(_WindowsConsoleWriter(STDOUT_HANDLE)),
+ "utf-16-le",
+ "strict",
+ line_buffering=True,
+ )
+ return t.cast(t.TextIO, ConsoleStream(text_stream, buffer_stream))
+
+
+def _get_text_stderr(buffer_stream: t.BinaryIO) -> t.TextIO:
+ text_stream = _NonClosingTextIOWrapper(
+ io.BufferedWriter(_WindowsConsoleWriter(STDERR_HANDLE)),
+ "utf-16-le",
+ "strict",
+ line_buffering=True,
+ )
+ return t.cast(t.TextIO, ConsoleStream(text_stream, buffer_stream))
+
+
+_stream_factories: t.Mapping[int, t.Callable[[t.BinaryIO], t.TextIO]] = {
+ 0: _get_text_stdin,
+ 1: _get_text_stdout,
+ 2: _get_text_stderr,
+}
+
+
+def _is_console(f: t.TextIO) -> bool:
+ if not hasattr(f, "fileno"):
+ return False
+
+ try:
+ fileno = f.fileno()
+ except (OSError, io.UnsupportedOperation):
+ return False
+
+ handle = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(fileno)
+ return bool(GetConsoleMode(handle, byref(DWORD())))
+
+
+def _get_windows_console_stream(
+ f: t.TextIO, encoding: t.Optional[str], errors: t.Optional[str]
+) -> t.Optional[t.TextIO]:
+ if (
+ get_buffer is not None
+ and encoding in {"utf-16-le", None}
+ and errors in {"strict", None}
+ and _is_console(f)
+ ):
+ func = _stream_factories.get(f.fileno())
+ if func is not None:
+ b = getattr(f, "buffer", None)
+
+ if b is None:
+ return None
+
+ return func(b)
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/core.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/core.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e2ccf59a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2957 @@
+import enum
+import errno
+import os
+import sys
+import typing
+import typing as t
+from collections import abc
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from contextlib import ExitStack
+from functools import partial
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from gettext import gettext as _
+from gettext import ngettext
+from itertools import repeat
+
+from . import types
+from ._unicodefun import _verify_python_env
+from .exceptions import Abort
+from .exceptions import BadParameter
+from .exceptions import ClickException
+from .exceptions import Exit
+from .exceptions import MissingParameter
+from .exceptions import UsageError
+from .formatting import HelpFormatter
+from .formatting import join_options
+from .globals import pop_context
+from .globals import push_context
+from .parser import _flag_needs_value
+from .parser import OptionParser
+from .parser import split_opt
+from .termui import confirm
+from .termui import prompt
+from .termui import style
+from .utils import _detect_program_name
+from .utils import _expand_args
+from .utils import echo
+from .utils import make_default_short_help
+from .utils import make_str
+from .utils import PacifyFlushWrapper
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+ import typing_extensions as te
+ from .shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
+V = t.TypeVar("V")
+
+
+def _fast_exit(code: int) -> "te.NoReturn":
+ """Low-level exit that skips Python's cleanup but speeds up exit by
+ about 10ms for things like shell completion.
+
+ :param code: Exit code.
+ """
+ sys.stdout.flush()
+ sys.stderr.flush()
+ os._exit(code)
+
+
+def _complete_visible_commands(
+ ctx: "Context", incomplete: str
+) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[str, "Command"]]:
+ """List all the subcommands of a group that start with the
+ incomplete value and aren't hidden.
+
+ :param ctx: Invocation context for the group.
+ :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+ """
+ multi = t.cast(MultiCommand, ctx.command)
+
+ for name in multi.list_commands(ctx):
+ if name.startswith(incomplete):
+ command = multi.get_command(ctx, name)
+
+ if command is not None and not command.hidden:
+ yield name, command
+
+
+def _check_multicommand(
+ base_command: "MultiCommand", cmd_name: str, cmd: "Command", register: bool = False
+) -> None:
+ if not base_command.chain or not isinstance(cmd, MultiCommand):
+ return
+ if register:
+ hint = (
+ "It is not possible to add multi commands as children to"
+ " another multi command that is in chain mode."
+ )
+ else:
+ hint = (
+ "Found a multi command as subcommand to a multi command"
+ " that is in chain mode. This is not supported."
+ )
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ f"{hint}. Command {base_command.name!r} is set to chain and"
+ f" {cmd_name!r} was added as a subcommand but it in itself is a"
+ f" multi command. ({cmd_name!r} is a {type(cmd).__name__}"
+ f" within a chained {type(base_command).__name__} named"
+ f" {base_command.name!r})."
+ )
+
+
+def batch(iterable: t.Iterable[V], batch_size: int) -> t.List[t.Tuple[V, ...]]:
+ return list(zip(*repeat(iter(iterable), batch_size)))
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def augment_usage_errors(
+ ctx: "Context", param: t.Optional["Parameter"] = None
+) -> t.Iterator[None]:
+ """Context manager that attaches extra information to exceptions."""
+ try:
+ yield
+ except BadParameter as e:
+ if e.ctx is None:
+ e.ctx = ctx
+ if param is not None and e.param is None:
+ e.param = param
+ raise
+ except UsageError as e:
+ if e.ctx is None:
+ e.ctx = ctx
+ raise
+
+
+def iter_params_for_processing(
+ invocation_order: t.Sequence["Parameter"],
+ declaration_order: t.Sequence["Parameter"],
+) -> t.List["Parameter"]:
+ """Given a sequence of parameters in the order as should be considered
+ for processing and an iterable of parameters that exist, this returns
+ a list in the correct order as they should be processed.
+ """
+
+ def sort_key(item: "Parameter") -> t.Tuple[bool, float]:
+ try:
+ idx: float = invocation_order.index(item)
+ except ValueError:
+ idx = float("inf")
+
+ return not item.is_eager, idx
+
+ return sorted(declaration_order, key=sort_key)
+
+
+class ParameterSource(enum.Enum):
+ """This is an :class:`~enum.Enum` that indicates the source of a
+ parameter's value.
+
+ Use :meth:`click.Context.get_parameter_source` to get the
+ source for a parameter by name.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Use :class:`~enum.Enum` and drop the ``validate`` method.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Added the ``PROMPT`` value.
+ """
+
+ COMMANDLINE = enum.auto()
+ """The value was provided by the command line args."""
+ ENVIRONMENT = enum.auto()
+ """The value was provided with an environment variable."""
+ DEFAULT = enum.auto()
+ """Used the default specified by the parameter."""
+ DEFAULT_MAP = enum.auto()
+ """Used a default provided by :attr:`Context.default_map`."""
+ PROMPT = enum.auto()
+ """Used a prompt to confirm a default or provide a value."""
+
+
+class Context:
+ """The context is a special internal object that holds state relevant
+ for the script execution at every single level. It's normally invisible
+ to commands unless they opt-in to getting access to it.
+
+ The context is useful as it can pass internal objects around and can
+ control special execution features such as reading data from
+ environment variables.
+
+ A context can be used as context manager in which case it will call
+ :meth:`close` on teardown.
+
+ :param command: the command class for this context.
+ :param parent: the parent context.
+ :param info_name: the info name for this invocation. Generally this
+ is the most descriptive name for the script or
+ command. For the toplevel script it is usually
+ the name of the script, for commands below it it's
+ the name of the script.
+ :param obj: an arbitrary object of user data.
+ :param auto_envvar_prefix: the prefix to use for automatic environment
+ variables. If this is `None` then reading
+ from environment variables is disabled. This
+ does not affect manually set environment
+ variables which are always read.
+ :param default_map: a dictionary (like object) with default values
+ for parameters.
+ :param terminal_width: the width of the terminal. The default is
+ inherit from parent context. If no context
+ defines the terminal width then auto
+ detection will be applied.
+ :param max_content_width: the maximum width for content rendered by
+ Click (this currently only affects help
+ pages). This defaults to 80 characters if
+ not overridden. In other words: even if the
+ terminal is larger than that, Click will not
+ format things wider than 80 characters by
+ default. In addition to that, formatters might
+ add some safety mapping on the right.
+ :param resilient_parsing: if this flag is enabled then Click will
+ parse without any interactivity or callback
+ invocation. Default values will also be
+ ignored. This is useful for implementing
+ things such as completion support.
+ :param allow_extra_args: if this is set to `True` then extra arguments
+ at the end will not raise an error and will be
+ kept on the context. The default is to inherit
+ from the command.
+ :param allow_interspersed_args: if this is set to `False` then options
+ and arguments cannot be mixed. The
+ default is to inherit from the command.
+ :param ignore_unknown_options: instructs click to ignore options it does
+ not know and keeps them for later
+ processing.
+ :param help_option_names: optionally a list of strings that define how
+ the default help parameter is named. The
+ default is ``['--help']``.
+ :param token_normalize_func: an optional function that is used to
+ normalize tokens (options, choices,
+ etc.). This for instance can be used to
+ implement case insensitive behavior.
+ :param color: controls if the terminal supports ANSI colors or not. The
+ default is autodetection. This is only needed if ANSI
+ codes are used in texts that Click prints which is by
+ default not the case. This for instance would affect
+ help output.
+ :param show_default: Show defaults for all options. If not set,
+ defaults to the value from a parent context. Overrides an
+ option's ``show_default`` argument.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ The ``show_default`` parameter defaults to the value from the
+ parent context.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 7.1
+ Added the ``show_default`` parameter.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 4.0
+ Added the ``color``, ``ignore_unknown_options``, and
+ ``max_content_width`` parameters.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+ Added the ``allow_extra_args`` and ``allow_interspersed_args``
+ parameters.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ Added the ``resilient_parsing``, ``help_option_names``, and
+ ``token_normalize_func`` parameters.
+ """
+
+ #: The formatter class to create with :meth:`make_formatter`.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ formatter_class: t.Type["HelpFormatter"] = HelpFormatter
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ command: "Command",
+ parent: t.Optional["Context"] = None,
+ info_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ obj: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+ auto_envvar_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ default_map: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = None,
+ terminal_width: t.Optional[int] = None,
+ max_content_width: t.Optional[int] = None,
+ resilient_parsing: bool = False,
+ allow_extra_args: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ allow_interspersed_args: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ ignore_unknown_options: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ help_option_names: t.Optional[t.List[str]] = None,
+ token_normalize_func: t.Optional[t.Callable[[str], str]] = None,
+ color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ show_default: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ ) -> None:
+ #: the parent context or `None` if none exists.
+ self.parent = parent
+ #: the :class:`Command` for this context.
+ self.command = command
+ #: the descriptive information name
+ self.info_name = info_name
+ #: Map of parameter names to their parsed values. Parameters
+ #: with ``expose_value=False`` are not stored.
+ self.params: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = {}
+ #: the leftover arguments.
+ self.args: t.List[str] = []
+ #: protected arguments. These are arguments that are prepended
+ #: to `args` when certain parsing scenarios are encountered but
+ #: must be never propagated to another arguments. This is used
+ #: to implement nested parsing.
+ self.protected_args: t.List[str] = []
+
+ if obj is None and parent is not None:
+ obj = parent.obj
+
+ #: the user object stored.
+ self.obj: t.Any = obj
+ self._meta: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = getattr(parent, "meta", {})
+
+ #: A dictionary (-like object) with defaults for parameters.
+ if (
+ default_map is None
+ and info_name is not None
+ and parent is not None
+ and parent.default_map is not None
+ ):
+ default_map = parent.default_map.get(info_name)
+
+ self.default_map: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = default_map
+
+ #: This flag indicates if a subcommand is going to be executed. A
+ #: group callback can use this information to figure out if it's
+ #: being executed directly or because the execution flow passes
+ #: onwards to a subcommand. By default it's None, but it can be
+ #: the name of the subcommand to execute.
+ #:
+ #: If chaining is enabled this will be set to ``'*'`` in case
+ #: any commands are executed. It is however not possible to
+ #: figure out which ones. If you require this knowledge you
+ #: should use a :func:`result_callback`.
+ self.invoked_subcommand: t.Optional[str] = None
+
+ if terminal_width is None and parent is not None:
+ terminal_width = parent.terminal_width
+
+ #: The width of the terminal (None is autodetection).
+ self.terminal_width: t.Optional[int] = terminal_width
+
+ if max_content_width is None and parent is not None:
+ max_content_width = parent.max_content_width
+
+ #: The maximum width of formatted content (None implies a sensible
+ #: default which is 80 for most things).
+ self.max_content_width: t.Optional[int] = max_content_width
+
+ if allow_extra_args is None:
+ allow_extra_args = command.allow_extra_args
+
+ #: Indicates if the context allows extra args or if it should
+ #: fail on parsing.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 3.0
+ self.allow_extra_args = allow_extra_args
+
+ if allow_interspersed_args is None:
+ allow_interspersed_args = command.allow_interspersed_args
+
+ #: Indicates if the context allows mixing of arguments and
+ #: options or not.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 3.0
+ self.allow_interspersed_args: bool = allow_interspersed_args
+
+ if ignore_unknown_options is None:
+ ignore_unknown_options = command.ignore_unknown_options
+
+ #: Instructs click to ignore options that a command does not
+ #: understand and will store it on the context for later
+ #: processing. This is primarily useful for situations where you
+ #: want to call into external programs. Generally this pattern is
+ #: strongly discouraged because it's not possibly to losslessly
+ #: forward all arguments.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 4.0
+ self.ignore_unknown_options: bool = ignore_unknown_options
+
+ if help_option_names is None:
+ if parent is not None:
+ help_option_names = parent.help_option_names
+ else:
+ help_option_names = ["--help"]
+
+ #: The names for the help options.
+ self.help_option_names: t.List[str] = help_option_names
+
+ if token_normalize_func is None and parent is not None:
+ token_normalize_func = parent.token_normalize_func
+
+ #: An optional normalization function for tokens. This is
+ #: options, choices, commands etc.
+ self.token_normalize_func: t.Optional[
+ t.Callable[[str], str]
+ ] = token_normalize_func
+
+ #: Indicates if resilient parsing is enabled. In that case Click
+ #: will do its best to not cause any failures and default values
+ #: will be ignored. Useful for completion.
+ self.resilient_parsing: bool = resilient_parsing
+
+ # If there is no envvar prefix yet, but the parent has one and
+ # the command on this level has a name, we can expand the envvar
+ # prefix automatically.
+ if auto_envvar_prefix is None:
+ if (
+ parent is not None
+ and parent.auto_envvar_prefix is not None
+ and self.info_name is not None
+ ):
+ auto_envvar_prefix = (
+ f"{parent.auto_envvar_prefix}_{self.info_name.upper()}"
+ )
+ else:
+ auto_envvar_prefix = auto_envvar_prefix.upper()
+
+ if auto_envvar_prefix is not None:
+ auto_envvar_prefix = auto_envvar_prefix.replace("-", "_")
+
+ self.auto_envvar_prefix: t.Optional[str] = auto_envvar_prefix
+
+ if color is None and parent is not None:
+ color = parent.color
+
+ #: Controls if styling output is wanted or not.
+ self.color: t.Optional[bool] = color
+
+ if show_default is None and parent is not None:
+ show_default = parent.show_default
+
+ #: Show option default values when formatting help text.
+ self.show_default: t.Optional[bool] = show_default
+
+ self._close_callbacks: t.List[t.Callable[[], t.Any]] = []
+ self._depth = 0
+ self._parameter_source: t.Dict[str, ParameterSource] = {}
+ self._exit_stack = ExitStack()
+
+ def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ """Gather information that could be useful for a tool generating
+ user-facing documentation. This traverses the entire CLI
+ structure.
+
+ .. code-block:: python
+
+ with Context(cli) as ctx:
+ info = ctx.to_info_dict()
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ """
+ return {
+ "command": self.command.to_info_dict(self),
+ "info_name": self.info_name,
+ "allow_extra_args": self.allow_extra_args,
+ "allow_interspersed_args": self.allow_interspersed_args,
+ "ignore_unknown_options": self.ignore_unknown_options,
+ "auto_envvar_prefix": self.auto_envvar_prefix,
+ }
+
+ def __enter__(self) -> "Context":
+ self._depth += 1
+ push_context(self)
+ return self
+
+ def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb): # type: ignore
+ self._depth -= 1
+ if self._depth == 0:
+ self.close()
+ pop_context()
+
+ @contextmanager
+ def scope(self, cleanup: bool = True) -> t.Iterator["Context"]:
+ """This helper method can be used with the context object to promote
+ it to the current thread local (see :func:`get_current_context`).
+ The default behavior of this is to invoke the cleanup functions which
+ can be disabled by setting `cleanup` to `False`. The cleanup
+ functions are typically used for things such as closing file handles.
+
+ If the cleanup is intended the context object can also be directly
+ used as a context manager.
+
+ Example usage::
+
+ with ctx.scope():
+ assert get_current_context() is ctx
+
+ This is equivalent::
+
+ with ctx:
+ assert get_current_context() is ctx
+
+ .. versionadded:: 5.0
+
+ :param cleanup: controls if the cleanup functions should be run or
+ not. The default is to run these functions. In
+ some situations the context only wants to be
+ temporarily pushed in which case this can be disabled.
+ Nested pushes automatically defer the cleanup.
+ """
+ if not cleanup:
+ self._depth += 1
+ try:
+ with self as rv:
+ yield rv
+ finally:
+ if not cleanup:
+ self._depth -= 1
+
+ @property
+ def meta(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ """This is a dictionary which is shared with all the contexts
+ that are nested. It exists so that click utilities can store some
+ state here if they need to. It is however the responsibility of
+ that code to manage this dictionary well.
+
+ The keys are supposed to be unique dotted strings. For instance
+ module paths are a good choice for it. What is stored in there is
+ irrelevant for the operation of click. However what is important is
+ that code that places data here adheres to the general semantics of
+ the system.
+
+ Example usage::
+
+ LANG_KEY = f'{__name__}.lang'
+
+ def set_language(value):
+ ctx = get_current_context()
+ ctx.meta[LANG_KEY] = value
+
+ def get_language():
+ return get_current_context().meta.get(LANG_KEY, 'en_US')
+
+ .. versionadded:: 5.0
+ """
+ return self._meta
+
+ def make_formatter(self) -> HelpFormatter:
+ """Creates the :class:`~click.HelpFormatter` for the help and
+ usage output.
+
+ To quickly customize the formatter class used without overriding
+ this method, set the :attr:`formatter_class` attribute.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Added the :attr:`formatter_class` attribute.
+ """
+ return self.formatter_class(
+ width=self.terminal_width, max_width=self.max_content_width
+ )
+
+ def with_resource(self, context_manager: t.ContextManager[V]) -> V:
+ """Register a resource as if it were used in a ``with``
+ statement. The resource will be cleaned up when the context is
+ popped.
+
+ Uses :meth:`contextlib.ExitStack.enter_context`. It calls the
+ resource's ``__enter__()`` method and returns the result. When
+ the context is popped, it closes the stack, which calls the
+ resource's ``__exit__()`` method.
+
+ To register a cleanup function for something that isn't a
+ context manager, use :meth:`call_on_close`. Or use something
+ from :mod:`contextlib` to turn it into a context manager first.
+
+ .. code-block:: python
+
+ @click.group()
+ @click.option("--name")
+ @click.pass_context
+ def cli(ctx):
+ ctx.obj = ctx.with_resource(connect_db(name))
+
+ :param context_manager: The context manager to enter.
+ :return: Whatever ``context_manager.__enter__()`` returns.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ """
+ return self._exit_stack.enter_context(context_manager)
+
+ def call_on_close(self, f: t.Callable[..., t.Any]) -> t.Callable[..., t.Any]:
+ """Register a function to be called when the context tears down.
+
+ This can be used to close resources opened during the script
+ execution. Resources that support Python's context manager
+ protocol which would be used in a ``with`` statement should be
+ registered with :meth:`with_resource` instead.
+
+ :param f: The function to execute on teardown.
+ """
+ return self._exit_stack.callback(f)
+
+ def close(self) -> None:
+ """Invoke all close callbacks registered with
+ :meth:`call_on_close`, and exit all context managers entered
+ with :meth:`with_resource`.
+ """
+ self._exit_stack.close()
+ # In case the context is reused, create a new exit stack.
+ self._exit_stack = ExitStack()
+
+ @property
+ def command_path(self) -> str:
+ """The computed command path. This is used for the ``usage``
+ information on the help page. It's automatically created by
+ combining the info names of the chain of contexts to the root.
+ """
+ rv = ""
+ if self.info_name is not None:
+ rv = self.info_name
+ if self.parent is not None:
+ parent_command_path = [self.parent.command_path]
+
+ if isinstance(self.parent.command, Command):
+ for param in self.parent.command.get_params(self):
+ parent_command_path.extend(param.get_usage_pieces(self))
+
+ rv = f"{' '.join(parent_command_path)} {rv}"
+ return rv.lstrip()
+
+ def find_root(self) -> "Context":
+ """Finds the outermost context."""
+ node = self
+ while node.parent is not None:
+ node = node.parent
+ return node
+
+ def find_object(self, object_type: t.Type[V]) -> t.Optional[V]:
+ """Finds the closest object of a given type."""
+ node: t.Optional["Context"] = self
+
+ while node is not None:
+ if isinstance(node.obj, object_type):
+ return node.obj
+
+ node = node.parent
+
+ return None
+
+ def ensure_object(self, object_type: t.Type[V]) -> V:
+ """Like :meth:`find_object` but sets the innermost object to a
+ new instance of `object_type` if it does not exist.
+ """
+ rv = self.find_object(object_type)
+ if rv is None:
+ self.obj = rv = object_type()
+ return rv
+
+ @typing.overload
+ def lookup_default(
+ self, name: str, call: "te.Literal[True]" = True
+ ) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+ ...
+
+ @typing.overload
+ def lookup_default(
+ self, name: str, call: "te.Literal[False]" = ...
+ ) -> t.Optional[t.Union[t.Any, t.Callable[[], t.Any]]]:
+ ...
+
+ def lookup_default(self, name: str, call: bool = True) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+ """Get the default for a parameter from :attr:`default_map`.
+
+ :param name: Name of the parameter.
+ :param call: If the default is a callable, call it. Disable to
+ return the callable instead.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Added the ``call`` parameter.
+ """
+ if self.default_map is not None:
+ value = self.default_map.get(name)
+
+ if call and callable(value):
+ return value()
+
+ return value
+
+ return None
+
+ def fail(self, message: str) -> "te.NoReturn":
+ """Aborts the execution of the program with a specific error
+ message.
+
+ :param message: the error message to fail with.
+ """
+ raise UsageError(message, self)
+
+ def abort(self) -> "te.NoReturn":
+ """Aborts the script."""
+ raise Abort()
+
+ def exit(self, code: int = 0) -> "te.NoReturn":
+ """Exits the application with a given exit code."""
+ raise Exit(code)
+
+ def get_usage(self) -> str:
+ """Helper method to get formatted usage string for the current
+ context and command.
+ """
+ return self.command.get_usage(self)
+
+ def get_help(self) -> str:
+ """Helper method to get formatted help page for the current
+ context and command.
+ """
+ return self.command.get_help(self)
+
+ def _make_sub_context(self, command: "Command") -> "Context":
+ """Create a new context of the same type as this context, but
+ for a new command.
+
+ :meta private:
+ """
+ return type(self)(command, info_name=command.name, parent=self)
+
+ def invoke(
+ __self, # noqa: B902
+ __callback: t.Union["Command", t.Callable[..., t.Any]],
+ *args: t.Any,
+ **kwargs: t.Any,
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ """Invokes a command callback in exactly the way it expects. There
+ are two ways to invoke this method:
+
+ 1. the first argument can be a callback and all other arguments and
+ keyword arguments are forwarded directly to the function.
+ 2. the first argument is a click command object. In that case all
+ arguments are forwarded as well but proper click parameters
+ (options and click arguments) must be keyword arguments and Click
+ will fill in defaults.
+
+ Note that before Click 3.2 keyword arguments were not properly filled
+ in against the intention of this code and no context was created. For
+ more information about this change and why it was done in a bugfix
+ release see :ref:`upgrade-to-3.2`.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ All ``kwargs`` are tracked in :attr:`params` so they will be
+ passed if :meth:`forward` is called at multiple levels.
+ """
+ if isinstance(__callback, Command):
+ other_cmd = __callback
+
+ if other_cmd.callback is None:
+ raise TypeError(
+ "The given command does not have a callback that can be invoked."
+ )
+ else:
+ __callback = other_cmd.callback
+
+ ctx = __self._make_sub_context(other_cmd)
+
+ for param in other_cmd.params:
+ if param.name not in kwargs and param.expose_value:
+ kwargs[param.name] = param.get_default(ctx) # type: ignore
+
+ # Track all kwargs as params, so that forward() will pass
+ # them on in subsequent calls.
+ ctx.params.update(kwargs)
+ else:
+ ctx = __self
+
+ with augment_usage_errors(__self):
+ with ctx:
+ return __callback(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ def forward(
+ __self, __cmd: "Command", *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any # noqa: B902
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ """Similar to :meth:`invoke` but fills in default keyword
+ arguments from the current context if the other command expects
+ it. This cannot invoke callbacks directly, only other commands.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ All ``kwargs`` are tracked in :attr:`params` so they will be
+ passed if ``forward`` is called at multiple levels.
+ """
+ # Can only forward to other commands, not direct callbacks.
+ if not isinstance(__cmd, Command):
+ raise TypeError("Callback is not a command.")
+
+ for param in __self.params:
+ if param not in kwargs:
+ kwargs[param] = __self.params[param]
+
+ return __self.invoke(__cmd, *args, **kwargs)
+
+ def set_parameter_source(self, name: str, source: ParameterSource) -> None:
+ """Set the source of a parameter. This indicates the location
+ from which the value of the parameter was obtained.
+
+ :param name: The name of the parameter.
+ :param source: A member of :class:`~click.core.ParameterSource`.
+ """
+ self._parameter_source[name] = source
+
+ def get_parameter_source(self, name: str) -> t.Optional[ParameterSource]:
+ """Get the source of a parameter. This indicates the location
+ from which the value of the parameter was obtained.
+
+ This can be useful for determining when a user specified a value
+ on the command line that is the same as the default value. It
+ will be :attr:`~click.core.ParameterSource.DEFAULT` only if the
+ value was actually taken from the default.
+
+ :param name: The name of the parameter.
+ :rtype: ParameterSource
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Returns ``None`` if the parameter was not provided from any
+ source.
+ """
+ return self._parameter_source.get(name)
+
+
+class BaseCommand:
+ """The base command implements the minimal API contract of commands.
+ Most code will never use this as it does not implement a lot of useful
+ functionality but it can act as the direct subclass of alternative
+ parsing methods that do not depend on the Click parser.
+
+ For instance, this can be used to bridge Click and other systems like
+ argparse or docopt.
+
+ Because base commands do not implement a lot of the API that other
+ parts of Click take for granted, they are not supported for all
+ operations. For instance, they cannot be used with the decorators
+ usually and they have no built-in callback system.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ Added the `context_settings` parameter.
+
+ :param name: the name of the command to use unless a group overrides it.
+ :param context_settings: an optional dictionary with defaults that are
+ passed to the context object.
+ """
+
+ #: The context class to create with :meth:`make_context`.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ context_class: t.Type[Context] = Context
+ #: the default for the :attr:`Context.allow_extra_args` flag.
+ allow_extra_args = False
+ #: the default for the :attr:`Context.allow_interspersed_args` flag.
+ allow_interspersed_args = True
+ #: the default for the :attr:`Context.ignore_unknown_options` flag.
+ ignore_unknown_options = False
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ name: t.Optional[str],
+ context_settings: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = None,
+ ) -> None:
+ #: the name the command thinks it has. Upon registering a command
+ #: on a :class:`Group` the group will default the command name
+ #: with this information. You should instead use the
+ #: :class:`Context`\'s :attr:`~Context.info_name` attribute.
+ self.name = name
+
+ if context_settings is None:
+ context_settings = {}
+
+ #: an optional dictionary with defaults passed to the context.
+ self.context_settings: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = context_settings
+
+ def to_info_dict(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ """Gather information that could be useful for a tool generating
+ user-facing documentation. This traverses the entire structure
+ below this command.
+
+ Use :meth:`click.Context.to_info_dict` to traverse the entire
+ CLI structure.
+
+ :param ctx: A :class:`Context` representing this command.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ """
+ return {"name": self.name}
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return f"<{self.__class__.__name__} {self.name}>"
+
+ def get_usage(self, ctx: Context) -> str:
+ raise NotImplementedError("Base commands cannot get usage")
+
+ def get_help(self, ctx: Context) -> str:
+ raise NotImplementedError("Base commands cannot get help")
+
+ def make_context(
+ self,
+ info_name: t.Optional[str],
+ args: t.List[str],
+ parent: t.Optional[Context] = None,
+ **extra: t.Any,
+ ) -> Context:
+ """This function when given an info name and arguments will kick
+ off the parsing and create a new :class:`Context`. It does not
+ invoke the actual command callback though.
+
+ To quickly customize the context class used without overriding
+ this method, set the :attr:`context_class` attribute.
+
+ :param info_name: the info name for this invocation. Generally this
+ is the most descriptive name for the script or
+ command. For the toplevel script it's usually
+ the name of the script, for commands below it it's
+ the name of the command.
+ :param args: the arguments to parse as list of strings.
+ :param parent: the parent context if available.
+ :param extra: extra keyword arguments forwarded to the context
+ constructor.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Added the :attr:`context_class` attribute.
+ """
+ for key, value in self.context_settings.items():
+ if key not in extra:
+ extra[key] = value
+
+ ctx = self.context_class(
+ self, info_name=info_name, parent=parent, **extra # type: ignore
+ )
+
+ with ctx.scope(cleanup=False):
+ self.parse_args(ctx, args)
+ return ctx
+
+ def parse_args(self, ctx: Context, args: t.List[str]) -> t.List[str]:
+ """Given a context and a list of arguments this creates the parser
+ and parses the arguments, then modifies the context as necessary.
+ This is automatically invoked by :meth:`make_context`.
+ """
+ raise NotImplementedError("Base commands do not know how to parse arguments.")
+
+ def invoke(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Any:
+ """Given a context, this invokes the command. The default
+ implementation is raising a not implemented error.
+ """
+ raise NotImplementedError("Base commands are not invokable by default")
+
+ def shell_complete(self, ctx: Context, incomplete: str) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+ """Return a list of completions for the incomplete value. Looks
+ at the names of chained multi-commands.
+
+ Any command could be part of a chained multi-command, so sibling
+ commands are valid at any point during command completion. Other
+ command classes will return more completions.
+
+ :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+ :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ """
+ from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+ results: t.List["CompletionItem"] = []
+
+ while ctx.parent is not None:
+ ctx = ctx.parent
+
+ if isinstance(ctx.command, MultiCommand) and ctx.command.chain:
+ results.extend(
+ CompletionItem(name, help=command.get_short_help_str())
+ for name, command in _complete_visible_commands(ctx, incomplete)
+ if name not in ctx.protected_args
+ )
+
+ return results
+
+ @typing.overload
+ def main(
+ self,
+ args: t.Optional[t.Sequence[str]] = None,
+ prog_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ complete_var: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ standalone_mode: "te.Literal[True]" = True,
+ **extra: t.Any,
+ ) -> "te.NoReturn":
+ ...
+
+ @typing.overload
+ def main(
+ self,
+ args: t.Optional[t.Sequence[str]] = None,
+ prog_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ complete_var: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ standalone_mode: bool = ...,
+ **extra: t.Any,
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ ...
+
+ def main(
+ self,
+ args: t.Optional[t.Sequence[str]] = None,
+ prog_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ complete_var: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ standalone_mode: bool = True,
+ windows_expand_args: bool = True,
+ **extra: t.Any,
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ """This is the way to invoke a script with all the bells and
+ whistles as a command line application. This will always terminate
+ the application after a call. If this is not wanted, ``SystemExit``
+ needs to be caught.
+
+ This method is also available by directly calling the instance of
+ a :class:`Command`.
+
+ :param args: the arguments that should be used for parsing. If not
+ provided, ``sys.argv[1:]`` is used.
+ :param prog_name: the program name that should be used. By default
+ the program name is constructed by taking the file
+ name from ``sys.argv[0]``.
+ :param complete_var: the environment variable that controls the
+ bash completion support. The default is
+ ``"__COMPLETE"`` with prog_name in
+ uppercase.
+ :param standalone_mode: the default behavior is to invoke the script
+ in standalone mode. Click will then
+ handle exceptions and convert them into
+ error messages and the function will never
+ return but shut down the interpreter. If
+ this is set to `False` they will be
+ propagated to the caller and the return
+ value of this function is the return value
+ of :meth:`invoke`.
+ :param windows_expand_args: Expand glob patterns, user dir, and
+ env vars in command line args on Windows.
+ :param extra: extra keyword arguments are forwarded to the context
+ constructor. See :class:`Context` for more information.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0.1
+ Added the ``windows_expand_args`` parameter to allow
+ disabling command line arg expansion on Windows.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ When taking arguments from ``sys.argv`` on Windows, glob
+ patterns, user dir, and env vars are expanded.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+ Added the ``standalone_mode`` parameter.
+ """
+ # Verify that the environment is configured correctly, or reject
+ # further execution to avoid a broken script.
+ _verify_python_env()
+
+ if args is None:
+ args = sys.argv[1:]
+
+ if os.name == "nt" and windows_expand_args:
+ args = _expand_args(args)
+ else:
+ args = list(args)
+
+ if prog_name is None:
+ prog_name = _detect_program_name()
+
+ # Process shell completion requests and exit early.
+ self._main_shell_completion(extra, prog_name, complete_var)
+
+ try:
+ try:
+ with self.make_context(prog_name, args, **extra) as ctx:
+ rv = self.invoke(ctx)
+ if not standalone_mode:
+ return rv
+ # it's not safe to `ctx.exit(rv)` here!
+ # note that `rv` may actually contain data like "1" which
+ # has obvious effects
+ # more subtle case: `rv=[None, None]` can come out of
+ # chained commands which all returned `None` -- so it's not
+ # even always obvious that `rv` indicates success/failure
+ # by its truthiness/falsiness
+ ctx.exit()
+ except (EOFError, KeyboardInterrupt):
+ echo(file=sys.stderr)
+ raise Abort()
+ except ClickException as e:
+ if not standalone_mode:
+ raise
+ e.show()
+ sys.exit(e.exit_code)
+ except OSError as e:
+ if e.errno == errno.EPIPE:
+ sys.stdout = t.cast(t.TextIO, PacifyFlushWrapper(sys.stdout))
+ sys.stderr = t.cast(t.TextIO, PacifyFlushWrapper(sys.stderr))
+ sys.exit(1)
+ else:
+ raise
+ except Exit as e:
+ if standalone_mode:
+ sys.exit(e.exit_code)
+ else:
+ # in non-standalone mode, return the exit code
+ # note that this is only reached if `self.invoke` above raises
+ # an Exit explicitly -- thus bypassing the check there which
+ # would return its result
+ # the results of non-standalone execution may therefore be
+ # somewhat ambiguous: if there are codepaths which lead to
+ # `ctx.exit(1)` and to `return 1`, the caller won't be able to
+ # tell the difference between the two
+ return e.exit_code
+ except Abort:
+ if not standalone_mode:
+ raise
+ echo(_("Aborted!"), file=sys.stderr)
+ sys.exit(1)
+
+ def _main_shell_completion(
+ self,
+ ctx_args: t.Dict[str, t.Any],
+ prog_name: str,
+ complete_var: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ ) -> None:
+ """Check if the shell is asking for tab completion, process
+ that, then exit early. Called from :meth:`main` before the
+ program is invoked.
+
+ :param prog_name: Name of the executable in the shell.
+ :param complete_var: Name of the environment variable that holds
+ the completion instruction. Defaults to
+ ``_{PROG_NAME}_COMPLETE``.
+ """
+ if complete_var is None:
+ complete_var = f"_{prog_name}_COMPLETE".replace("-", "_").upper()
+
+ instruction = os.environ.get(complete_var)
+
+ if not instruction:
+ return
+
+ from .shell_completion import shell_complete
+
+ rv = shell_complete(self, ctx_args, prog_name, complete_var, instruction)
+ _fast_exit(rv)
+
+ def __call__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+ """Alias for :meth:`main`."""
+ return self.main(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+class Command(BaseCommand):
+ """Commands are the basic building block of command line interfaces in
+ Click. A basic command handles command line parsing and might dispatch
+ more parsing to commands nested below it.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ Added the `context_settings` parameter.
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Added repr showing the command name
+ .. versionchanged:: 7.1
+ Added the `no_args_is_help` parameter.
+
+ :param name: the name of the command to use unless a group overrides it.
+ :param context_settings: an optional dictionary with defaults that are
+ passed to the context object.
+ :param callback: the callback to invoke. This is optional.
+ :param params: the parameters to register with this command. This can
+ be either :class:`Option` or :class:`Argument` objects.
+ :param help: the help string to use for this command.
+ :param epilog: like the help string but it's printed at the end of the
+ help page after everything else.
+ :param short_help: the short help to use for this command. This is
+ shown on the command listing of the parent command.
+ :param add_help_option: by default each command registers a ``--help``
+ option. This can be disabled by this parameter.
+ :param no_args_is_help: this controls what happens if no arguments are
+ provided. This option is disabled by default.
+ If enabled this will add ``--help`` as argument
+ if no arguments are passed
+ :param hidden: hide this command from help outputs.
+
+ :param deprecated: issues a message indicating that
+ the command is deprecated.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ name: t.Optional[str],
+ context_settings: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = None,
+ callback: t.Optional[t.Callable[..., t.Any]] = None,
+ params: t.Optional[t.List["Parameter"]] = None,
+ help: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ epilog: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ short_help: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ options_metavar: t.Optional[str] = "[OPTIONS]",
+ add_help_option: bool = True,
+ no_args_is_help: bool = False,
+ hidden: bool = False,
+ deprecated: bool = False,
+ ) -> None:
+ super().__init__(name, context_settings)
+ #: the callback to execute when the command fires. This might be
+ #: `None` in which case nothing happens.
+ self.callback = callback
+ #: the list of parameters for this command in the order they
+ #: should show up in the help page and execute. Eager parameters
+ #: will automatically be handled before non eager ones.
+ self.params: t.List["Parameter"] = params or []
+
+ # if a form feed (page break) is found in the help text, truncate help
+ # text to the content preceding the first form feed
+ if help and "\f" in help:
+ help = help.split("\f", 1)[0]
+
+ self.help = help
+ self.epilog = epilog
+ self.options_metavar = options_metavar
+ self.short_help = short_help
+ self.add_help_option = add_help_option
+ self.no_args_is_help = no_args_is_help
+ self.hidden = hidden
+ self.deprecated = deprecated
+
+ def to_info_dict(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ info_dict = super().to_info_dict(ctx)
+ info_dict.update(
+ params=[param.to_info_dict() for param in self.get_params(ctx)],
+ help=self.help,
+ epilog=self.epilog,
+ short_help=self.short_help,
+ hidden=self.hidden,
+ deprecated=self.deprecated,
+ )
+ return info_dict
+
+ def get_usage(self, ctx: Context) -> str:
+ """Formats the usage line into a string and returns it.
+
+ Calls :meth:`format_usage` internally.
+ """
+ formatter = ctx.make_formatter()
+ self.format_usage(ctx, formatter)
+ return formatter.getvalue().rstrip("\n")
+
+ def get_params(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List["Parameter"]:
+ rv = self.params
+ help_option = self.get_help_option(ctx)
+
+ if help_option is not None:
+ rv = [*rv, help_option]
+
+ return rv
+
+ def format_usage(self, ctx: Context, formatter: HelpFormatter) -> None:
+ """Writes the usage line into the formatter.
+
+ This is a low-level method called by :meth:`get_usage`.
+ """
+ pieces = self.collect_usage_pieces(ctx)
+ formatter.write_usage(ctx.command_path, " ".join(pieces))
+
+ def collect_usage_pieces(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+ """Returns all the pieces that go into the usage line and returns
+ it as a list of strings.
+ """
+ rv = [self.options_metavar] if self.options_metavar else []
+
+ for param in self.get_params(ctx):
+ rv.extend(param.get_usage_pieces(ctx))
+
+ return rv
+
+ def get_help_option_names(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+ """Returns the names for the help option."""
+ all_names = set(ctx.help_option_names)
+ for param in self.params:
+ all_names.difference_update(param.opts)
+ all_names.difference_update(param.secondary_opts)
+ return list(all_names)
+
+ def get_help_option(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Optional["Option"]:
+ """Returns the help option object."""
+ help_options = self.get_help_option_names(ctx)
+
+ if not help_options or not self.add_help_option:
+ return None
+
+ def show_help(ctx: Context, param: "Parameter", value: str) -> None:
+ if value and not ctx.resilient_parsing:
+ echo(ctx.get_help(), color=ctx.color)
+ ctx.exit()
+
+ return Option(
+ help_options,
+ is_flag=True,
+ is_eager=True,
+ expose_value=False,
+ callback=show_help,
+ help=_("Show this message and exit."),
+ )
+
+ def make_parser(self, ctx: Context) -> OptionParser:
+ """Creates the underlying option parser for this command."""
+ parser = OptionParser(ctx)
+ for param in self.get_params(ctx):
+ param.add_to_parser(parser, ctx)
+ return parser
+
+ def get_help(self, ctx: Context) -> str:
+ """Formats the help into a string and returns it.
+
+ Calls :meth:`format_help` internally.
+ """
+ formatter = ctx.make_formatter()
+ self.format_help(ctx, formatter)
+ return formatter.getvalue().rstrip("\n")
+
+ def get_short_help_str(self, limit: int = 45) -> str:
+ """Gets short help for the command or makes it by shortening the
+ long help string.
+ """
+ text = self.short_help or ""
+
+ if not text and self.help:
+ text = make_default_short_help(self.help, limit)
+
+ if self.deprecated:
+ text = _("(Deprecated) {text}").format(text=text)
+
+ return text.strip()
+
+ def format_help(self, ctx: Context, formatter: HelpFormatter) -> None:
+ """Writes the help into the formatter if it exists.
+
+ This is a low-level method called by :meth:`get_help`.
+
+ This calls the following methods:
+
+ - :meth:`format_usage`
+ - :meth:`format_help_text`
+ - :meth:`format_options`
+ - :meth:`format_epilog`
+ """
+ self.format_usage(ctx, formatter)
+ self.format_help_text(ctx, formatter)
+ self.format_options(ctx, formatter)
+ self.format_epilog(ctx, formatter)
+
+ def format_help_text(self, ctx: Context, formatter: HelpFormatter) -> None:
+ """Writes the help text to the formatter if it exists."""
+ text = self.help or ""
+
+ if self.deprecated:
+ text = _("(Deprecated) {text}").format(text=text)
+
+ if text:
+ formatter.write_paragraph()
+
+ with formatter.indentation():
+ formatter.write_text(text)
+
+ def format_options(self, ctx: Context, formatter: HelpFormatter) -> None:
+ """Writes all the options into the formatter if they exist."""
+ opts = []
+ for param in self.get_params(ctx):
+ rv = param.get_help_record(ctx)
+ if rv is not None:
+ opts.append(rv)
+
+ if opts:
+ with formatter.section(_("Options")):
+ formatter.write_dl(opts)
+
+ def format_epilog(self, ctx: Context, formatter: HelpFormatter) -> None:
+ """Writes the epilog into the formatter if it exists."""
+ if self.epilog:
+ formatter.write_paragraph()
+ with formatter.indentation():
+ formatter.write_text(self.epilog)
+
+ def parse_args(self, ctx: Context, args: t.List[str]) -> t.List[str]:
+ if not args and self.no_args_is_help and not ctx.resilient_parsing:
+ echo(ctx.get_help(), color=ctx.color)
+ ctx.exit()
+
+ parser = self.make_parser(ctx)
+ opts, args, param_order = parser.parse_args(args=args)
+
+ for param in iter_params_for_processing(param_order, self.get_params(ctx)):
+ value, args = param.handle_parse_result(ctx, opts, args)
+
+ if args and not ctx.allow_extra_args and not ctx.resilient_parsing:
+ ctx.fail(
+ ngettext(
+ "Got unexpected extra argument ({args})",
+ "Got unexpected extra arguments ({args})",
+ len(args),
+ ).format(args=" ".join(map(str, args)))
+ )
+
+ ctx.args = args
+ return args
+
+ def invoke(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Any:
+ """Given a context, this invokes the attached callback (if it exists)
+ in the right way.
+ """
+ if self.deprecated:
+ message = _(
+ "DeprecationWarning: The command {name!r} is deprecated."
+ ).format(name=self.name)
+ echo(style(message, fg="red"), err=True)
+
+ if self.callback is not None:
+ return ctx.invoke(self.callback, **ctx.params)
+
+ def shell_complete(self, ctx: Context, incomplete: str) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+ """Return a list of completions for the incomplete value. Looks
+ at the names of options and chained multi-commands.
+
+ :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+ :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ """
+ from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+ results: t.List["CompletionItem"] = []
+
+ if incomplete and not incomplete[0].isalnum():
+ for param in self.get_params(ctx):
+ if (
+ not isinstance(param, Option)
+ or param.hidden
+ or (
+ not param.multiple
+ and ctx.get_parameter_source(param.name) # type: ignore
+ is ParameterSource.COMMANDLINE
+ )
+ ):
+ continue
+
+ results.extend(
+ CompletionItem(name, help=param.help)
+ for name in [*param.opts, *param.secondary_opts]
+ if name.startswith(incomplete)
+ )
+
+ results.extend(super().shell_complete(ctx, incomplete))
+ return results
+
+
+class MultiCommand(Command):
+ """A multi command is the basic implementation of a command that
+ dispatches to subcommands. The most common version is the
+ :class:`Group`.
+
+ :param invoke_without_command: this controls how the multi command itself
+ is invoked. By default it's only invoked
+ if a subcommand is provided.
+ :param no_args_is_help: this controls what happens if no arguments are
+ provided. This option is enabled by default if
+ `invoke_without_command` is disabled or disabled
+ if it's enabled. If enabled this will add
+ ``--help`` as argument if no arguments are
+ passed.
+ :param subcommand_metavar: the string that is used in the documentation
+ to indicate the subcommand place.
+ :param chain: if this is set to `True` chaining of multiple subcommands
+ is enabled. This restricts the form of commands in that
+ they cannot have optional arguments but it allows
+ multiple commands to be chained together.
+ :param result_callback: The result callback to attach to this multi
+ command. This can be set or changed later with the
+ :meth:`result_callback` decorator.
+ """
+
+ allow_extra_args = True
+ allow_interspersed_args = False
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ invoke_without_command: bool = False,
+ no_args_is_help: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ subcommand_metavar: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ chain: bool = False,
+ result_callback: t.Optional[t.Callable[..., t.Any]] = None,
+ **attrs: t.Any,
+ ) -> None:
+ super().__init__(name, **attrs)
+
+ if no_args_is_help is None:
+ no_args_is_help = not invoke_without_command
+
+ self.no_args_is_help = no_args_is_help
+ self.invoke_without_command = invoke_without_command
+
+ if subcommand_metavar is None:
+ if chain:
+ subcommand_metavar = "COMMAND1 [ARGS]... [COMMAND2 [ARGS]...]..."
+ else:
+ subcommand_metavar = "COMMAND [ARGS]..."
+
+ self.subcommand_metavar = subcommand_metavar
+ self.chain = chain
+ # The result callback that is stored. This can be set or
+ # overridden with the :func:`result_callback` decorator.
+ self._result_callback = result_callback
+
+ if self.chain:
+ for param in self.params:
+ if isinstance(param, Argument) and not param.required:
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ "Multi commands in chain mode cannot have"
+ " optional arguments."
+ )
+
+ def to_info_dict(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ info_dict = super().to_info_dict(ctx)
+ commands = {}
+
+ for name in self.list_commands(ctx):
+ command = self.get_command(ctx, name)
+
+ if command is None:
+ continue
+
+ sub_ctx = ctx._make_sub_context(command)
+
+ with sub_ctx.scope(cleanup=False):
+ commands[name] = command.to_info_dict(sub_ctx)
+
+ info_dict.update(commands=commands, chain=self.chain)
+ return info_dict
+
+ def collect_usage_pieces(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+ rv = super().collect_usage_pieces(ctx)
+ rv.append(self.subcommand_metavar)
+ return rv
+
+ def format_options(self, ctx: Context, formatter: HelpFormatter) -> None:
+ super().format_options(ctx, formatter)
+ self.format_commands(ctx, formatter)
+
+ def result_callback(self, replace: bool = False) -> t.Callable[[F], F]:
+ """Adds a result callback to the command. By default if a
+ result callback is already registered this will chain them but
+ this can be disabled with the `replace` parameter. The result
+ callback is invoked with the return value of the subcommand
+ (or the list of return values from all subcommands if chaining
+ is enabled) as well as the parameters as they would be passed
+ to the main callback.
+
+ Example::
+
+ @click.group()
+ @click.option('-i', '--input', default=23)
+ def cli(input):
+ return 42
+
+ @cli.result_callback()
+ def process_result(result, input):
+ return result + input
+
+ :param replace: if set to `True` an already existing result
+ callback will be removed.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Renamed from ``resultcallback``.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 3.0
+ """
+
+ def decorator(f: F) -> F:
+ old_callback = self._result_callback
+
+ if old_callback is None or replace:
+ self._result_callback = f
+ return f
+
+ def function(__value, *args, **kwargs): # type: ignore
+ inner = old_callback(__value, *args, **kwargs) # type: ignore
+ return f(inner, *args, **kwargs)
+
+ self._result_callback = rv = update_wrapper(t.cast(F, function), f)
+ return rv
+
+ return decorator
+
+ def resultcallback(self, replace: bool = False) -> t.Callable[[F], F]:
+ import warnings
+
+ warnings.warn(
+ "'resultcallback' has been renamed to 'result_callback'."
+ " The old name will be removed in Click 8.1.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ stacklevel=2,
+ )
+ return self.result_callback(replace=replace)
+
+ def format_commands(self, ctx: Context, formatter: HelpFormatter) -> None:
+ """Extra format methods for multi methods that adds all the commands
+ after the options.
+ """
+ commands = []
+ for subcommand in self.list_commands(ctx):
+ cmd = self.get_command(ctx, subcommand)
+ # What is this, the tool lied about a command. Ignore it
+ if cmd is None:
+ continue
+ if cmd.hidden:
+ continue
+
+ commands.append((subcommand, cmd))
+
+ # allow for 3 times the default spacing
+ if len(commands):
+ limit = formatter.width - 6 - max(len(cmd[0]) for cmd in commands)
+
+ rows = []
+ for subcommand, cmd in commands:
+ help = cmd.get_short_help_str(limit)
+ rows.append((subcommand, help))
+
+ if rows:
+ with formatter.section(_("Commands")):
+ formatter.write_dl(rows)
+
+ def parse_args(self, ctx: Context, args: t.List[str]) -> t.List[str]:
+ if not args and self.no_args_is_help and not ctx.resilient_parsing:
+ echo(ctx.get_help(), color=ctx.color)
+ ctx.exit()
+
+ rest = super().parse_args(ctx, args)
+
+ if self.chain:
+ ctx.protected_args = rest
+ ctx.args = []
+ elif rest:
+ ctx.protected_args, ctx.args = rest[:1], rest[1:]
+
+ return ctx.args
+
+ def invoke(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Any:
+ def _process_result(value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+ if self._result_callback is not None:
+ value = ctx.invoke(self._result_callback, value, **ctx.params)
+ return value
+
+ if not ctx.protected_args:
+ if self.invoke_without_command:
+ # No subcommand was invoked, so the result callback is
+ # invoked with None for regular groups, or an empty list
+ # for chained groups.
+ with ctx:
+ super().invoke(ctx)
+ return _process_result([] if self.chain else None)
+ ctx.fail(_("Missing command."))
+
+ # Fetch args back out
+ args = [*ctx.protected_args, *ctx.args]
+ ctx.args = []
+ ctx.protected_args = []
+
+ # If we're not in chain mode, we only allow the invocation of a
+ # single command but we also inform the current context about the
+ # name of the command to invoke.
+ if not self.chain:
+ # Make sure the context is entered so we do not clean up
+ # resources until the result processor has worked.
+ with ctx:
+ cmd_name, cmd, args = self.resolve_command(ctx, args)
+ assert cmd is not None
+ ctx.invoked_subcommand = cmd_name
+ super().invoke(ctx)
+ sub_ctx = cmd.make_context(cmd_name, args, parent=ctx)
+ with sub_ctx:
+ return _process_result(sub_ctx.command.invoke(sub_ctx))
+
+ # In chain mode we create the contexts step by step, but after the
+ # base command has been invoked. Because at that point we do not
+ # know the subcommands yet, the invoked subcommand attribute is
+ # set to ``*`` to inform the command that subcommands are executed
+ # but nothing else.
+ with ctx:
+ ctx.invoked_subcommand = "*" if args else None
+ super().invoke(ctx)
+
+ # Otherwise we make every single context and invoke them in a
+ # chain. In that case the return value to the result processor
+ # is the list of all invoked subcommand's results.
+ contexts = []
+ while args:
+ cmd_name, cmd, args = self.resolve_command(ctx, args)
+ assert cmd is not None
+ sub_ctx = cmd.make_context(
+ cmd_name,
+ args,
+ parent=ctx,
+ allow_extra_args=True,
+ allow_interspersed_args=False,
+ )
+ contexts.append(sub_ctx)
+ args, sub_ctx.args = sub_ctx.args, []
+
+ rv = []
+ for sub_ctx in contexts:
+ with sub_ctx:
+ rv.append(sub_ctx.command.invoke(sub_ctx))
+ return _process_result(rv)
+
+ def resolve_command(
+ self, ctx: Context, args: t.List[str]
+ ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[Command], t.List[str]]:
+ cmd_name = make_str(args[0])
+ original_cmd_name = cmd_name
+
+ # Get the command
+ cmd = self.get_command(ctx, cmd_name)
+
+ # If we can't find the command but there is a normalization
+ # function available, we try with that one.
+ if cmd is None and ctx.token_normalize_func is not None:
+ cmd_name = ctx.token_normalize_func(cmd_name)
+ cmd = self.get_command(ctx, cmd_name)
+
+ # If we don't find the command we want to show an error message
+ # to the user that it was not provided. However, there is
+ # something else we should do: if the first argument looks like
+ # an option we want to kick off parsing again for arguments to
+ # resolve things like --help which now should go to the main
+ # place.
+ if cmd is None and not ctx.resilient_parsing:
+ if split_opt(cmd_name)[0]:
+ self.parse_args(ctx, ctx.args)
+ ctx.fail(_("No such command {name!r}.").format(name=original_cmd_name))
+ return cmd_name if cmd else None, cmd, args[1:]
+
+ def get_command(self, ctx: Context, cmd_name: str) -> t.Optional[Command]:
+ """Given a context and a command name, this returns a
+ :class:`Command` object if it exists or returns `None`.
+ """
+ raise NotImplementedError
+
+ def list_commands(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+ """Returns a list of subcommand names in the order they should
+ appear.
+ """
+ return []
+
+ def shell_complete(self, ctx: Context, incomplete: str) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+ """Return a list of completions for the incomplete value. Looks
+ at the names of options, subcommands, and chained
+ multi-commands.
+
+ :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+ :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ """
+ from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+ results = [
+ CompletionItem(name, help=command.get_short_help_str())
+ for name, command in _complete_visible_commands(ctx, incomplete)
+ ]
+ results.extend(super().shell_complete(ctx, incomplete))
+ return results
+
+
+class Group(MultiCommand):
+ """A group allows a command to have subcommands attached. This is
+ the most common way to implement nesting in Click.
+
+ :param name: The name of the group command.
+ :param commands: A dict mapping names to :class:`Command` objects.
+ Can also be a list of :class:`Command`, which will use
+ :attr:`Command.name` to create the dict.
+ :param attrs: Other command arguments described in
+ :class:`MultiCommand`, :class:`Command`, and
+ :class:`BaseCommand`.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ The ``commmands`` argument can be a list of command objects.
+ """
+
+ #: If set, this is used by the group's :meth:`command` decorator
+ #: as the default :class:`Command` class. This is useful to make all
+ #: subcommands use a custom command class.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ command_class: t.Optional[t.Type[Command]] = None
+
+ #: If set, this is used by the group's :meth:`group` decorator
+ #: as the default :class:`Group` class. This is useful to make all
+ #: subgroups use a custom group class.
+ #:
+ #: If set to the special value :class:`type` (literally
+ #: ``group_class = type``), this group's class will be used as the
+ #: default class. This makes a custom group class continue to make
+ #: custom groups.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ group_class: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Type["Group"], t.Type[type]]] = None
+ # Literal[type] isn't valid, so use Type[type]
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ commands: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Dict[str, Command], t.Sequence[Command]]] = None,
+ **attrs: t.Any,
+ ) -> None:
+ super().__init__(name, **attrs)
+
+ if commands is None:
+ commands = {}
+ elif isinstance(commands, abc.Sequence):
+ commands = {c.name: c for c in commands if c.name is not None}
+
+ #: The registered subcommands by their exported names.
+ self.commands: t.Dict[str, Command] = commands
+
+ def add_command(self, cmd: Command, name: t.Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+ """Registers another :class:`Command` with this group. If the name
+ is not provided, the name of the command is used.
+ """
+ name = name or cmd.name
+ if name is None:
+ raise TypeError("Command has no name.")
+ _check_multicommand(self, name, cmd, register=True)
+ self.commands[name] = cmd
+
+ def command(
+ self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+ ) -> t.Callable[[t.Callable[..., t.Any]], Command]:
+ """A shortcut decorator for declaring and attaching a command to
+ the group. This takes the same arguments as :func:`command` and
+ immediately registers the created command with this group by
+ calling :meth:`add_command`.
+
+ To customize the command class used, set the
+ :attr:`command_class` attribute.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Added the :attr:`command_class` attribute.
+ """
+ from .decorators import command
+
+ if self.command_class is not None and "cls" not in kwargs:
+ kwargs["cls"] = self.command_class
+
+ def decorator(f: t.Callable[..., t.Any]) -> Command:
+ cmd = command(*args, **kwargs)(f)
+ self.add_command(cmd)
+ return cmd
+
+ return decorator
+
+ def group(
+ self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+ ) -> t.Callable[[t.Callable[..., t.Any]], "Group"]:
+ """A shortcut decorator for declaring and attaching a group to
+ the group. This takes the same arguments as :func:`group` and
+ immediately registers the created group with this group by
+ calling :meth:`add_command`.
+
+ To customize the group class used, set the :attr:`group_class`
+ attribute.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Added the :attr:`group_class` attribute.
+ """
+ from .decorators import group
+
+ if self.group_class is not None and "cls" not in kwargs:
+ if self.group_class is type:
+ kwargs["cls"] = type(self)
+ else:
+ kwargs["cls"] = self.group_class
+
+ def decorator(f: t.Callable[..., t.Any]) -> "Group":
+ cmd = group(*args, **kwargs)(f)
+ self.add_command(cmd)
+ return cmd
+
+ return decorator
+
+ def get_command(self, ctx: Context, cmd_name: str) -> t.Optional[Command]:
+ return self.commands.get(cmd_name)
+
+ def list_commands(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+ return sorted(self.commands)
+
+
+class CommandCollection(MultiCommand):
+ """A command collection is a multi command that merges multiple multi
+ commands together into one. This is a straightforward implementation
+ that accepts a list of different multi commands as sources and
+ provides all the commands for each of them.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ sources: t.Optional[t.List[MultiCommand]] = None,
+ **attrs: t.Any,
+ ) -> None:
+ super().__init__(name, **attrs)
+ #: The list of registered multi commands.
+ self.sources: t.List[MultiCommand] = sources or []
+
+ def add_source(self, multi_cmd: MultiCommand) -> None:
+ """Adds a new multi command to the chain dispatcher."""
+ self.sources.append(multi_cmd)
+
+ def get_command(self, ctx: Context, cmd_name: str) -> t.Optional[Command]:
+ for source in self.sources:
+ rv = source.get_command(ctx, cmd_name)
+
+ if rv is not None:
+ if self.chain:
+ _check_multicommand(self, cmd_name, rv)
+
+ return rv
+
+ return None
+
+ def list_commands(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+ rv: t.Set[str] = set()
+
+ for source in self.sources:
+ rv.update(source.list_commands(ctx))
+
+ return sorted(rv)
+
+
+def _check_iter(value: t.Any) -> t.Iterator[t.Any]:
+ """Check if the value is iterable but not a string. Raises a type
+ error, or return an iterator over the value.
+ """
+ if isinstance(value, str):
+ raise TypeError
+
+ return iter(value)
+
+
+class Parameter:
+ r"""A parameter to a command comes in two versions: they are either
+ :class:`Option`\s or :class:`Argument`\s. Other subclasses are currently
+ not supported by design as some of the internals for parsing are
+ intentionally not finalized.
+
+ Some settings are supported by both options and arguments.
+
+ :param param_decls: the parameter declarations for this option or
+ argument. This is a list of flags or argument
+ names.
+ :param type: the type that should be used. Either a :class:`ParamType`
+ or a Python type. The later is converted into the former
+ automatically if supported.
+ :param required: controls if this is optional or not.
+ :param default: the default value if omitted. This can also be a callable,
+ in which case it's invoked when the default is needed
+ without any arguments.
+ :param callback: A function to further process or validate the value
+ after type conversion. It is called as ``f(ctx, param, value)``
+ and must return the value. It is called for all sources,
+ including prompts.
+ :param nargs: the number of arguments to match. If not ``1`` the return
+ value is a tuple instead of single value. The default for
+ nargs is ``1`` (except if the type is a tuple, then it's
+ the arity of the tuple). If ``nargs=-1``, all remaining
+ parameters are collected.
+ :param metavar: how the value is represented in the help page.
+ :param expose_value: if this is `True` then the value is passed onwards
+ to the command callback and stored on the context,
+ otherwise it's skipped.
+ :param is_eager: eager values are processed before non eager ones. This
+ should not be set for arguments or it will inverse the
+ order of processing.
+ :param envvar: a string or list of strings that are environment variables
+ that should be checked.
+ :param shell_complete: A function that returns custom shell
+ completions. Used instead of the param's type completion if
+ given. Takes ``ctx, param, incomplete`` and must return a list
+ of :class:`~click.shell_completion.CompletionItem` or a list of
+ strings.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ ``process_value`` validates required parameters and bounded
+ ``nargs``, and invokes the parameter callback before returning
+ the value. This allows the callback to validate prompts.
+ ``full_process_value`` is removed.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ ``autocompletion`` is renamed to ``shell_complete`` and has new
+ semantics described above. The old name is deprecated and will
+ be removed in 8.1, until then it will be wrapped to match the
+ new requirements.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ For ``multiple=True, nargs>1``, the default must be a list of
+ tuples.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Setting a default is no longer required for ``nargs>1``, it will
+ default to ``None``. ``multiple=True`` or ``nargs=-1`` will
+ default to ``()``.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 7.1
+ Empty environment variables are ignored rather than taking the
+ empty string value. This makes it possible for scripts to clear
+ variables if they can't unset them.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ Changed signature for parameter callback to also be passed the
+ parameter. The old callback format will still work, but it will
+ raise a warning to give you a chance to migrate the code easier.
+ """
+
+ param_type_name = "parameter"
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ param_decls: t.Optional[t.Sequence[str]] = None,
+ type: t.Optional[t.Union[types.ParamType, t.Any]] = None,
+ required: bool = False,
+ default: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Any, t.Callable[[], t.Any]]] = None,
+ callback: t.Optional[t.Callable[[Context, "Parameter", t.Any], t.Any]] = None,
+ nargs: t.Optional[int] = None,
+ multiple: bool = False,
+ metavar: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ expose_value: bool = True,
+ is_eager: bool = False,
+ envvar: t.Optional[t.Union[str, t.Sequence[str]]] = None,
+ shell_complete: t.Optional[
+ t.Callable[
+ [Context, "Parameter", str],
+ t.Union[t.List["CompletionItem"], t.List[str]],
+ ]
+ ] = None,
+ autocompletion: t.Optional[
+ t.Callable[
+ [Context, t.List[str], str], t.List[t.Union[t.Tuple[str, str], str]]
+ ]
+ ] = None,
+ ) -> None:
+ self.name, self.opts, self.secondary_opts = self._parse_decls(
+ param_decls or (), expose_value
+ )
+ self.type = types.convert_type(type, default)
+
+ # Default nargs to what the type tells us if we have that
+ # information available.
+ if nargs is None:
+ if self.type.is_composite:
+ nargs = self.type.arity
+ else:
+ nargs = 1
+
+ self.required = required
+ self.callback = callback
+ self.nargs = nargs
+ self.multiple = multiple
+ self.expose_value = expose_value
+ self.default = default
+ self.is_eager = is_eager
+ self.metavar = metavar
+ self.envvar = envvar
+
+ if autocompletion is not None:
+ import warnings
+
+ warnings.warn(
+ "'autocompletion' is renamed to 'shell_complete'. The old name is"
+ " deprecated and will be removed in Click 8.1. See the docs about"
+ " 'Parameter' for information about new behavior.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ stacklevel=2,
+ )
+
+ def shell_complete(
+ ctx: Context, param: "Parameter", incomplete: str
+ ) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+ from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+ out = []
+
+ for c in autocompletion(ctx, [], incomplete): # type: ignore
+ if isinstance(c, tuple):
+ c = CompletionItem(c[0], help=c[1])
+ elif isinstance(c, str):
+ c = CompletionItem(c)
+
+ if c.value.startswith(incomplete):
+ out.append(c)
+
+ return out
+
+ self._custom_shell_complete = shell_complete
+
+ if __debug__:
+ if self.type.is_composite and nargs != self.type.arity:
+ raise ValueError(
+ f"'nargs' must be {self.type.arity} (or None) for"
+ f" type {self.type!r}, but it was {nargs}."
+ )
+
+ # Skip no default or callable default.
+ check_default = default if not callable(default) else None
+
+ if check_default is not None:
+ if multiple:
+ try:
+ # Only check the first value against nargs.
+ check_default = next(_check_iter(check_default), None)
+ except TypeError:
+ raise ValueError(
+ "'default' must be a list when 'multiple' is true."
+ ) from None
+
+ # Can be None for multiple with empty default.
+ if nargs != 1 and check_default is not None:
+ try:
+ _check_iter(check_default)
+ except TypeError:
+ if multiple:
+ message = (
+ "'default' must be a list of lists when 'multiple' is"
+ " true and 'nargs' != 1."
+ )
+ else:
+ message = "'default' must be a list when 'nargs' != 1."
+
+ raise ValueError(message) from None
+
+ if nargs > 1 and len(check_default) != nargs:
+ subject = "item length" if multiple else "length"
+ raise ValueError(
+ f"'default' {subject} must match nargs={nargs}."
+ )
+
+ def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ """Gather information that could be useful for a tool generating
+ user-facing documentation.
+
+ Use :meth:`click.Context.to_info_dict` to traverse the entire
+ CLI structure.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ """
+ return {
+ "name": self.name,
+ "param_type_name": self.param_type_name,
+ "opts": self.opts,
+ "secondary_opts": self.secondary_opts,
+ "type": self.type.to_info_dict(),
+ "required": self.required,
+ "nargs": self.nargs,
+ "multiple": self.multiple,
+ "default": self.default,
+ "envvar": self.envvar,
+ }
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return f"<{self.__class__.__name__} {self.name}>"
+
+ def _parse_decls(
+ self, decls: t.Sequence[str], expose_value: bool
+ ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.List[str], t.List[str]]:
+ raise NotImplementedError()
+
+ @property
+ def human_readable_name(self) -> str:
+ """Returns the human readable name of this parameter. This is the
+ same as the name for options, but the metavar for arguments.
+ """
+ return self.name # type: ignore
+
+ def make_metavar(self) -> str:
+ if self.metavar is not None:
+ return self.metavar
+
+ metavar = self.type.get_metavar(self)
+
+ if metavar is None:
+ metavar = self.type.name.upper()
+
+ if self.nargs != 1:
+ metavar += "..."
+
+ return metavar
+
+ @typing.overload
+ def get_default(
+ self, ctx: Context, call: "te.Literal[True]" = True
+ ) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+ ...
+
+ @typing.overload
+ def get_default(
+ self, ctx: Context, call: bool = ...
+ ) -> t.Optional[t.Union[t.Any, t.Callable[[], t.Any]]]:
+ ...
+
+ def get_default(
+ self, ctx: Context, call: bool = True
+ ) -> t.Optional[t.Union[t.Any, t.Callable[[], t.Any]]]:
+ """Get the default for the parameter. Tries
+ :meth:`Context.lookup_value` first, then the local default.
+
+ :param ctx: Current context.
+ :param call: If the default is a callable, call it. Disable to
+ return the callable instead.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0.1
+ Type casting can fail in resilient parsing mode. Invalid
+ defaults will not prevent showing help text.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Looks at ``ctx.default_map`` first.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Added the ``call`` parameter.
+ """
+ value = ctx.lookup_default(self.name, call=False) # type: ignore
+
+ if value is None:
+ value = self.default
+
+ if callable(value):
+ if not call:
+ # Don't type cast the callable.
+ return value
+
+ value = value()
+
+ try:
+ return self.type_cast_value(ctx, value)
+ except BadParameter:
+ if ctx.resilient_parsing:
+ return value
+
+ raise
+
+ def add_to_parser(self, parser: OptionParser, ctx: Context) -> None:
+ raise NotImplementedError()
+
+ def consume_value(
+ self, ctx: Context, opts: t.Mapping[str, t.Any]
+ ) -> t.Tuple[t.Any, ParameterSource]:
+ value = opts.get(self.name) # type: ignore
+ source = ParameterSource.COMMANDLINE
+
+ if value is None:
+ value = self.value_from_envvar(ctx)
+ source = ParameterSource.ENVIRONMENT
+
+ if value is None:
+ value = ctx.lookup_default(self.name) # type: ignore
+ source = ParameterSource.DEFAULT_MAP
+
+ if value is None:
+ value = self.get_default(ctx)
+ source = ParameterSource.DEFAULT
+
+ return value, source
+
+ def type_cast_value(self, ctx: Context, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+ """Convert and validate a value against the option's
+ :attr:`type`, :attr:`multiple`, and :attr:`nargs`.
+ """
+ if value is None:
+ return () if self.multiple or self.nargs == -1 else None
+
+ def check_iter(value: t.Any) -> t.Iterator:
+ try:
+ return _check_iter(value)
+ except TypeError:
+ # This should only happen when passing in args manually,
+ # the parser should construct an iterable when parsing
+ # the command line.
+ raise BadParameter(
+ _("Value must be an iterable."), ctx=ctx, param=self
+ ) from None
+
+ if self.nargs == 1 or self.type.is_composite:
+ convert: t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any] = partial(
+ self.type, param=self, ctx=ctx
+ )
+ elif self.nargs == -1:
+
+ def convert(value: t.Any) -> t.Tuple:
+ return tuple(self.type(x, self, ctx) for x in check_iter(value))
+
+ else: # nargs > 1
+
+ def convert(value: t.Any) -> t.Tuple:
+ value = tuple(check_iter(value))
+
+ if len(value) != self.nargs:
+ raise BadParameter(
+ ngettext(
+ "Takes {nargs} values but 1 was given.",
+ "Takes {nargs} values but {len} were given.",
+ len(value),
+ ).format(nargs=self.nargs, len=len(value)),
+ ctx=ctx,
+ param=self,
+ )
+
+ return tuple(self.type(x, self, ctx) for x in value)
+
+ if self.multiple:
+ return tuple(convert(x) for x in check_iter(value))
+
+ return convert(value)
+
+ def value_is_missing(self, value: t.Any) -> bool:
+ if value is None:
+ return True
+
+ if (self.nargs != 1 or self.multiple) and value == ():
+ return True
+
+ return False
+
+ def process_value(self, ctx: Context, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+ if value is not None:
+ value = self.type_cast_value(ctx, value)
+
+ if self.required and self.value_is_missing(value):
+ raise MissingParameter(ctx=ctx, param=self)
+
+ if self.callback is not None:
+ value = self.callback(ctx, self, value)
+
+ return value
+
+ def resolve_envvar_value(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Optional[str]:
+ if self.envvar is None:
+ return None
+
+ if isinstance(self.envvar, str):
+ rv = os.environ.get(self.envvar)
+
+ if rv:
+ return rv
+ else:
+ for envvar in self.envvar:
+ rv = os.environ.get(envvar)
+
+ if rv:
+ return rv
+
+ return None
+
+ def value_from_envvar(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+ rv: t.Optional[t.Any] = self.resolve_envvar_value(ctx)
+
+ if rv is not None and self.nargs != 1:
+ rv = self.type.split_envvar_value(rv)
+
+ return rv
+
+ def handle_parse_result(
+ self, ctx: Context, opts: t.Mapping[str, t.Any], args: t.List[str]
+ ) -> t.Tuple[t.Any, t.List[str]]:
+ with augment_usage_errors(ctx, param=self):
+ value, source = self.consume_value(ctx, opts)
+ ctx.set_parameter_source(self.name, source) # type: ignore
+
+ try:
+ value = self.process_value(ctx, value)
+ except Exception:
+ if not ctx.resilient_parsing:
+ raise
+
+ value = None
+
+ if self.expose_value:
+ ctx.params[self.name] = value # type: ignore
+
+ return value, args
+
+ def get_help_record(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, str]]:
+ pass
+
+ def get_usage_pieces(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+ return []
+
+ def get_error_hint(self, ctx: Context) -> str:
+ """Get a stringified version of the param for use in error messages to
+ indicate which param caused the error.
+ """
+ hint_list = self.opts or [self.human_readable_name]
+ return " / ".join(f"'{x}'" for x in hint_list)
+
+ def shell_complete(self, ctx: Context, incomplete: str) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+ """Return a list of completions for the incomplete value. If a
+ ``shell_complete`` function was given during init, it is used.
+ Otherwise, the :attr:`type`
+ :meth:`~click.types.ParamType.shell_complete` function is used.
+
+ :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+ :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ """
+ if self._custom_shell_complete is not None:
+ results = self._custom_shell_complete(ctx, self, incomplete)
+
+ if results and isinstance(results[0], str):
+ from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+ results = [CompletionItem(c) for c in results]
+
+ return t.cast(t.List["CompletionItem"], results)
+
+ return self.type.shell_complete(ctx, self, incomplete)
+
+
+class Option(Parameter):
+ """Options are usually optional values on the command line and
+ have some extra features that arguments don't have.
+
+ All other parameters are passed onwards to the parameter constructor.
+
+ :param show_default: controls if the default value should be shown on the
+ help page. Normally, defaults are not shown. If this
+ value is a string, it shows the string instead of the
+ value. This is particularly useful for dynamic options.
+ :param show_envvar: controls if an environment variable should be shown on
+ the help page. Normally, environment variables
+ are not shown.
+ :param prompt: if set to `True` or a non empty string then the user will be
+ prompted for input. If set to `True` the prompt will be the
+ option name capitalized.
+ :param confirmation_prompt: Prompt a second time to confirm the
+ value if it was prompted for. Can be set to a string instead of
+ ``True`` to customize the message.
+ :param prompt_required: If set to ``False``, the user will be
+ prompted for input only when the option was specified as a flag
+ without a value.
+ :param hide_input: if this is `True` then the input on the prompt will be
+ hidden from the user. This is useful for password
+ input.
+ :param is_flag: forces this option to act as a flag. The default is
+ auto detection.
+ :param flag_value: which value should be used for this flag if it's
+ enabled. This is set to a boolean automatically if
+ the option string contains a slash to mark two options.
+ :param multiple: if this is set to `True` then the argument is accepted
+ multiple times and recorded. This is similar to ``nargs``
+ in how it works but supports arbitrary number of
+ arguments.
+ :param count: this flag makes an option increment an integer.
+ :param allow_from_autoenv: if this is enabled then the value of this
+ parameter will be pulled from an environment
+ variable in case a prefix is defined on the
+ context.
+ :param help: the help string.
+ :param hidden: hide this option from help outputs.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0.1
+ ``type`` is detected from ``flag_value`` if given.
+ """
+
+ param_type_name = "option"
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ param_decls: t.Optional[t.Sequence[str]] = None,
+ show_default: bool = False,
+ prompt: t.Union[bool, str] = False,
+ confirmation_prompt: t.Union[bool, str] = False,
+ prompt_required: bool = True,
+ hide_input: bool = False,
+ is_flag: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ flag_value: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+ multiple: bool = False,
+ count: bool = False,
+ allow_from_autoenv: bool = True,
+ type: t.Optional[t.Union[types.ParamType, t.Any]] = None,
+ help: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ hidden: bool = False,
+ show_choices: bool = True,
+ show_envvar: bool = False,
+ **attrs: t.Any,
+ ) -> None:
+ default_is_missing = "default" not in attrs
+ super().__init__(param_decls, type=type, multiple=multiple, **attrs)
+
+ if prompt is True:
+ if self.name is None:
+ raise TypeError("'name' is required with 'prompt=True'.")
+
+ prompt_text: t.Optional[str] = self.name.replace("_", " ").capitalize()
+ elif prompt is False:
+ prompt_text = None
+ else:
+ prompt_text = t.cast(str, prompt)
+
+ self.prompt = prompt_text
+ self.confirmation_prompt = confirmation_prompt
+ self.prompt_required = prompt_required
+ self.hide_input = hide_input
+ self.hidden = hidden
+
+ # If prompt is enabled but not required, then the option can be
+ # used as a flag to indicate using prompt or flag_value.
+ self._flag_needs_value = self.prompt is not None and not self.prompt_required
+
+ if is_flag is None:
+ if flag_value is not None:
+ # Implicitly a flag because flag_value was set.
+ is_flag = True
+ elif self._flag_needs_value:
+ # Not a flag, but when used as a flag it shows a prompt.
+ is_flag = False
+ else:
+ # Implicitly a flag because flag options were given.
+ is_flag = bool(self.secondary_opts)
+ elif is_flag is False and not self._flag_needs_value:
+ # Not a flag, and prompt is not enabled, can be used as a
+ # flag if flag_value is set.
+ self._flag_needs_value = flag_value is not None
+
+ if is_flag and default_is_missing:
+ self.default: t.Union[t.Any, t.Callable[[], t.Any]] = False
+
+ if flag_value is None:
+ flag_value = not self.default
+
+ if is_flag and type is None:
+ # Re-guess the type from the flag value instead of the
+ # default.
+ self.type = types.convert_type(None, flag_value)
+
+ self.is_flag: bool = is_flag
+ self.is_bool_flag = isinstance(self.type, types.BoolParamType)
+ self.flag_value: t.Any = flag_value
+
+ # Counting
+ self.count = count
+ if count:
+ if type is None:
+ self.type = types.IntRange(min=0)
+ if default_is_missing:
+ self.default = 0
+
+ self.allow_from_autoenv = allow_from_autoenv
+ self.help = help
+ self.show_default = show_default
+ self.show_choices = show_choices
+ self.show_envvar = show_envvar
+
+ if __debug__:
+ if self.nargs == -1:
+ raise TypeError("nargs=-1 is not supported for options.")
+
+ if self.prompt and self.is_flag and not self.is_bool_flag:
+ raise TypeError("'prompt' is not valid for non-boolean flag.")
+
+ if not self.is_bool_flag and self.secondary_opts:
+ raise TypeError("Secondary flag is not valid for non-boolean flag.")
+
+ if self.is_bool_flag and self.hide_input and self.prompt is not None:
+ raise TypeError(
+ "'prompt' with 'hide_input' is not valid for boolean flag."
+ )
+
+ if self.count:
+ if self.multiple:
+ raise TypeError("'count' is not valid with 'multiple'.")
+
+ if self.is_flag:
+ raise TypeError("'count' is not valid with 'is_flag'.")
+
+ def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+ info_dict.update(
+ help=self.help,
+ prompt=self.prompt,
+ is_flag=self.is_flag,
+ flag_value=self.flag_value,
+ count=self.count,
+ hidden=self.hidden,
+ )
+ return info_dict
+
+ def _parse_decls(
+ self, decls: t.Sequence[str], expose_value: bool
+ ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.List[str], t.List[str]]:
+ opts = []
+ secondary_opts = []
+ name = None
+ possible_names = []
+
+ for decl in decls:
+ if decl.isidentifier():
+ if name is not None:
+ raise TypeError("Name defined twice")
+ name = decl
+ else:
+ split_char = ";" if decl[:1] == "/" else "/"
+ if split_char in decl:
+ first, second = decl.split(split_char, 1)
+ first = first.rstrip()
+ if first:
+ possible_names.append(split_opt(first))
+ opts.append(first)
+ second = second.lstrip()
+ if second:
+ secondary_opts.append(second.lstrip())
+ if first == second:
+ raise ValueError(
+ f"Boolean option {decl!r} cannot use the"
+ " same flag for true/false."
+ )
+ else:
+ possible_names.append(split_opt(decl))
+ opts.append(decl)
+
+ if name is None and possible_names:
+ possible_names.sort(key=lambda x: -len(x[0])) # group long options first
+ name = possible_names[0][1].replace("-", "_").lower()
+ if not name.isidentifier():
+ name = None
+
+ if name is None:
+ if not expose_value:
+ return None, opts, secondary_opts
+ raise TypeError("Could not determine name for option")
+
+ if not opts and not secondary_opts:
+ raise TypeError(
+ f"No options defined but a name was passed ({name})."
+ " Did you mean to declare an argument instead? Did"
+ f" you mean to pass '--{name}'?"
+ )
+
+ return name, opts, secondary_opts
+
+ def add_to_parser(self, parser: OptionParser, ctx: Context) -> None:
+ if self.multiple:
+ action = "append"
+ elif self.count:
+ action = "count"
+ else:
+ action = "store"
+
+ if self.is_flag:
+ action = f"{action}_const"
+
+ if self.is_bool_flag and self.secondary_opts:
+ parser.add_option(
+ obj=self, opts=self.opts, dest=self.name, action=action, const=True
+ )
+ parser.add_option(
+ obj=self,
+ opts=self.secondary_opts,
+ dest=self.name,
+ action=action,
+ const=False,
+ )
+ else:
+ parser.add_option(
+ obj=self,
+ opts=self.opts,
+ dest=self.name,
+ action=action,
+ const=self.flag_value,
+ )
+ else:
+ parser.add_option(
+ obj=self,
+ opts=self.opts,
+ dest=self.name,
+ action=action,
+ nargs=self.nargs,
+ )
+
+ def get_help_record(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, str]]:
+ if self.hidden:
+ return None
+
+ any_prefix_is_slash = False
+
+ def _write_opts(opts: t.Sequence[str]) -> str:
+ nonlocal any_prefix_is_slash
+
+ rv, any_slashes = join_options(opts)
+
+ if any_slashes:
+ any_prefix_is_slash = True
+
+ if not self.is_flag and not self.count:
+ rv += f" {self.make_metavar()}"
+
+ return rv
+
+ rv = [_write_opts(self.opts)]
+
+ if self.secondary_opts:
+ rv.append(_write_opts(self.secondary_opts))
+
+ help = self.help or ""
+ extra = []
+
+ if self.show_envvar:
+ envvar = self.envvar
+
+ if envvar is None:
+ if (
+ self.allow_from_autoenv
+ and ctx.auto_envvar_prefix is not None
+ and self.name is not None
+ ):
+ envvar = f"{ctx.auto_envvar_prefix}_{self.name.upper()}"
+
+ if envvar is not None:
+ var_str = (
+ envvar
+ if isinstance(envvar, str)
+ else ", ".join(str(d) for d in envvar)
+ )
+ extra.append(_("env var: {var}").format(var=var_str))
+
+ # Temporarily enable resilient parsing to avoid type casting
+ # failing for the default. Might be possible to extend this to
+ # help formatting in general.
+ resilient = ctx.resilient_parsing
+ ctx.resilient_parsing = True
+
+ try:
+ default_value = self.get_default(ctx, call=False)
+ finally:
+ ctx.resilient_parsing = resilient
+
+ show_default_is_str = isinstance(self.show_default, str)
+
+ if show_default_is_str or (
+ default_value is not None and (self.show_default or ctx.show_default)
+ ):
+ if show_default_is_str:
+ default_string = f"({self.show_default})"
+ elif isinstance(default_value, (list, tuple)):
+ default_string = ", ".join(str(d) for d in default_value)
+ elif callable(default_value):
+ default_string = _("(dynamic)")
+ elif self.is_bool_flag and self.secondary_opts:
+ # For boolean flags that have distinct True/False opts,
+ # use the opt without prefix instead of the value.
+ default_string = split_opt(
+ (self.opts if self.default else self.secondary_opts)[0]
+ )[1]
+ else:
+ default_string = str(default_value)
+
+ extra.append(_("default: {default}").format(default=default_string))
+
+ if isinstance(self.type, types._NumberRangeBase):
+ range_str = self.type._describe_range()
+
+ if range_str:
+ extra.append(range_str)
+
+ if self.required:
+ extra.append(_("required"))
+
+ if extra:
+ extra_str = ";".join(extra)
+ help = f"{help} [{extra_str}]" if help else f"[{extra_str}]"
+
+ return ("; " if any_prefix_is_slash else " / ").join(rv), help
+
+ @typing.overload
+ def get_default(
+ self, ctx: Context, call: "te.Literal[True]" = True
+ ) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+ ...
+
+ @typing.overload
+ def get_default(
+ self, ctx: Context, call: bool = ...
+ ) -> t.Optional[t.Union[t.Any, t.Callable[[], t.Any]]]:
+ ...
+
+ def get_default(
+ self, ctx: Context, call: bool = True
+ ) -> t.Optional[t.Union[t.Any, t.Callable[[], t.Any]]]:
+ # If we're a non boolean flag our default is more complex because
+ # we need to look at all flags in the same group to figure out
+ # if we're the the default one in which case we return the flag
+ # value as default.
+ if self.is_flag and not self.is_bool_flag:
+ for param in ctx.command.params:
+ if param.name == self.name and param.default:
+ return param.flag_value # type: ignore
+
+ return None
+
+ return super().get_default(ctx, call=call)
+
+ def prompt_for_value(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Any:
+ """This is an alternative flow that can be activated in the full
+ value processing if a value does not exist. It will prompt the
+ user until a valid value exists and then returns the processed
+ value as result.
+ """
+ assert self.prompt is not None
+
+ # Calculate the default before prompting anything to be stable.
+ default = self.get_default(ctx)
+
+ # If this is a prompt for a flag we need to handle this
+ # differently.
+ if self.is_bool_flag:
+ return confirm(self.prompt, default)
+
+ return prompt(
+ self.prompt,
+ default=default,
+ type=self.type,
+ hide_input=self.hide_input,
+ show_choices=self.show_choices,
+ confirmation_prompt=self.confirmation_prompt,
+ value_proc=lambda x: self.process_value(ctx, x),
+ )
+
+ def resolve_envvar_value(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Optional[str]:
+ rv = super().resolve_envvar_value(ctx)
+
+ if rv is not None:
+ return rv
+
+ if (
+ self.allow_from_autoenv
+ and ctx.auto_envvar_prefix is not None
+ and self.name is not None
+ ):
+ envvar = f"{ctx.auto_envvar_prefix}_{self.name.upper()}"
+ rv = os.environ.get(envvar)
+
+ return rv
+
+ def value_from_envvar(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+ rv: t.Optional[t.Any] = self.resolve_envvar_value(ctx)
+
+ if rv is None:
+ return None
+
+ value_depth = (self.nargs != 1) + bool(self.multiple)
+
+ if value_depth > 0:
+ rv = self.type.split_envvar_value(rv)
+
+ if self.multiple and self.nargs != 1:
+ rv = batch(rv, self.nargs)
+
+ return rv
+
+ def consume_value(
+ self, ctx: Context, opts: t.Mapping[str, "Parameter"]
+ ) -> t.Tuple[t.Any, ParameterSource]:
+ value, source = super().consume_value(ctx, opts)
+
+ # The parser will emit a sentinel value if the option can be
+ # given as a flag without a value. This is different from None
+ # to distinguish from the flag not being given at all.
+ if value is _flag_needs_value:
+ if self.prompt is not None and not ctx.resilient_parsing:
+ value = self.prompt_for_value(ctx)
+ source = ParameterSource.PROMPT
+ else:
+ value = self.flag_value
+ source = ParameterSource.COMMANDLINE
+
+ # The value wasn't set, or used the param's default, prompt if
+ # prompting is enabled.
+ elif (
+ source in {None, ParameterSource.DEFAULT}
+ and self.prompt is not None
+ and (self.required or self.prompt_required)
+ and not ctx.resilient_parsing
+ ):
+ value = self.prompt_for_value(ctx)
+ source = ParameterSource.PROMPT
+
+ return value, source
+
+
+class Argument(Parameter):
+ """Arguments are positional parameters to a command. They generally
+ provide fewer features than options but can have infinite ``nargs``
+ and are required by default.
+
+ All parameters are passed onwards to the parameter constructor.
+ """
+
+ param_type_name = "argument"
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ param_decls: t.Sequence[str],
+ required: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ **attrs: t.Any,
+ ) -> None:
+ if required is None:
+ if attrs.get("default") is not None:
+ required = False
+ else:
+ required = attrs.get("nargs", 1) > 0
+
+ if "multiple" in attrs:
+ raise TypeError("__init__() got an unexpected keyword argument 'multiple'.")
+
+ super().__init__(param_decls, required=required, **attrs)
+
+ if __debug__:
+ if self.default is not None and self.nargs == -1:
+ raise TypeError("'default' is not supported for nargs=-1.")
+
+ @property
+ def human_readable_name(self) -> str:
+ if self.metavar is not None:
+ return self.metavar
+ return self.name.upper() # type: ignore
+
+ def make_metavar(self) -> str:
+ if self.metavar is not None:
+ return self.metavar
+ var = self.type.get_metavar(self)
+ if not var:
+ var = self.name.upper() # type: ignore
+ if not self.required:
+ var = f"[{var}]"
+ if self.nargs != 1:
+ var += "..."
+ return var
+
+ def _parse_decls(
+ self, decls: t.Sequence[str], expose_value: bool
+ ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.List[str], t.List[str]]:
+ if not decls:
+ if not expose_value:
+ return None, [], []
+ raise TypeError("Could not determine name for argument")
+ if len(decls) == 1:
+ name = arg = decls[0]
+ name = name.replace("-", "_").lower()
+ else:
+ raise TypeError(
+ "Arguments take exactly one parameter declaration, got"
+ f" {len(decls)}."
+ )
+ return name, [arg], []
+
+ def get_usage_pieces(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+ return [self.make_metavar()]
+
+ def get_error_hint(self, ctx: Context) -> str:
+ return f"'{self.make_metavar()}'"
+
+ def add_to_parser(self, parser: OptionParser, ctx: Context) -> None:
+ parser.add_argument(dest=self.name, nargs=self.nargs, obj=self)
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/decorators.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/decorators.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5940e69f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/decorators.py
@@ -0,0 +1,437 @@
+import inspect
+import types
+import typing as t
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from gettext import gettext as _
+
+from .core import Argument
+from .core import Command
+from .core import Context
+from .core import Group
+from .core import Option
+from .core import Parameter
+from .globals import get_current_context
+from .utils import echo
+
+F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
+FC = t.TypeVar("FC", t.Callable[..., t.Any], Command)
+
+
+def pass_context(f: F) -> F:
+ """Marks a callback as wanting to receive the current context
+ object as first argument.
+ """
+
+ def new_func(*args, **kwargs): # type: ignore
+ return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
+
+ return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, new_func), f)
+
+
+def pass_obj(f: F) -> F:
+ """Similar to :func:`pass_context`, but only pass the object on the
+ context onwards (:attr:`Context.obj`). This is useful if that object
+ represents the state of a nested system.
+ """
+
+ def new_func(*args, **kwargs): # type: ignore
+ return f(get_current_context().obj, *args, **kwargs)
+
+ return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, new_func), f)
+
+
+def make_pass_decorator(
+ object_type: t.Type, ensure: bool = False
+) -> "t.Callable[[F], F]":
+ """Given an object type this creates a decorator that will work
+ similar to :func:`pass_obj` but instead of passing the object of the
+ current context, it will find the innermost context of type
+ :func:`object_type`.
+
+ This generates a decorator that works roughly like this::
+
+ from functools import update_wrapper
+
+ def decorator(f):
+ @pass_context
+ def new_func(ctx, *args, **kwargs):
+ obj = ctx.find_object(object_type)
+ return ctx.invoke(f, obj, *args, **kwargs)
+ return update_wrapper(new_func, f)
+ return decorator
+
+ :param object_type: the type of the object to pass.
+ :param ensure: if set to `True`, a new object will be created and
+ remembered on the context if it's not there yet.
+ """
+
+ def decorator(f: F) -> F:
+ def new_func(*args, **kwargs): # type: ignore
+ ctx = get_current_context()
+
+ if ensure:
+ obj = ctx.ensure_object(object_type)
+ else:
+ obj = ctx.find_object(object_type)
+
+ if obj is None:
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ "Managed to invoke callback without a context"
+ f" object of type {object_type.__name__!r}"
+ " existing."
+ )
+
+ return ctx.invoke(f, obj, *args, **kwargs)
+
+ return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, new_func), f)
+
+ return decorator
+
+
+def pass_meta_key(
+ key: str, *, doc_description: t.Optional[str] = None
+) -> "t.Callable[[F], F]":
+ """Create a decorator that passes a key from
+ :attr:`click.Context.meta` as the first argument to the decorated
+ function.
+
+ :param key: Key in ``Context.meta`` to pass.
+ :param doc_description: Description of the object being passed,
+ inserted into the decorator's docstring. Defaults to "the 'key'
+ key from Context.meta".
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ """
+
+ def decorator(f: F) -> F:
+ def new_func(*args, **kwargs): # type: ignore
+ ctx = get_current_context()
+ obj = ctx.meta[key]
+ return ctx.invoke(f, obj, *args, **kwargs)
+
+ return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, new_func), f)
+
+ if doc_description is None:
+ doc_description = f"the {key!r} key from :attr:`click.Context.meta`"
+
+ decorator.__doc__ = (
+ f"Decorator that passes {doc_description} as the first argument"
+ " to the decorated function."
+ )
+ return decorator
+
+
+def _make_command(
+ f: F,
+ name: t.Optional[str],
+ attrs: t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any],
+ cls: t.Type[Command],
+) -> Command:
+ if isinstance(f, Command):
+ raise TypeError("Attempted to convert a callback into a command twice.")
+
+ try:
+ params = f.__click_params__ # type: ignore
+ params.reverse()
+ del f.__click_params__ # type: ignore
+ except AttributeError:
+ params = []
+
+ help = attrs.get("help")
+
+ if help is None:
+ help = inspect.getdoc(f)
+ else:
+ help = inspect.cleandoc(help)
+
+ attrs["help"] = help
+ return cls(
+ name=name or f.__name__.lower().replace("_", "-"),
+ callback=f,
+ params=params,
+ **attrs,
+ )
+
+
+def command(
+ name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ cls: t.Optional[t.Type[Command]] = None,
+ **attrs: t.Any,
+) -> t.Callable[[F], Command]:
+ r"""Creates a new :class:`Command` and uses the decorated function as
+ callback. This will also automatically attach all decorated
+ :func:`option`\s and :func:`argument`\s as parameters to the command.
+
+ The name of the command defaults to the name of the function with
+ underscores replaced by dashes. If you want to change that, you can
+ pass the intended name as the first argument.
+
+ All keyword arguments are forwarded to the underlying command class.
+
+ Once decorated the function turns into a :class:`Command` instance
+ that can be invoked as a command line utility or be attached to a
+ command :class:`Group`.
+
+ :param name: the name of the command. This defaults to the function
+ name with underscores replaced by dashes.
+ :param cls: the command class to instantiate. This defaults to
+ :class:`Command`.
+ """
+ if cls is None:
+ cls = Command
+
+ def decorator(f: t.Callable[..., t.Any]) -> Command:
+ cmd = _make_command(f, name, attrs, cls) # type: ignore
+ cmd.__doc__ = f.__doc__
+ return cmd
+
+ return decorator
+
+
+def group(name: t.Optional[str] = None, **attrs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[F], Group]:
+ """Creates a new :class:`Group` with a function as callback. This
+ works otherwise the same as :func:`command` just that the `cls`
+ parameter is set to :class:`Group`.
+ """
+ attrs.setdefault("cls", Group)
+ return t.cast(Group, command(name, **attrs))
+
+
+def _param_memo(f: FC, param: Parameter) -> None:
+ if isinstance(f, Command):
+ f.params.append(param)
+ else:
+ if not hasattr(f, "__click_params__"):
+ f.__click_params__ = [] # type: ignore
+
+ f.__click_params__.append(param) # type: ignore
+
+
+def argument(*param_decls: str, **attrs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
+ """Attaches an argument to the command. All positional arguments are
+ passed as parameter declarations to :class:`Argument`; all keyword
+ arguments are forwarded unchanged (except ``cls``).
+ This is equivalent to creating an :class:`Argument` instance manually
+ and attaching it to the :attr:`Command.params` list.
+
+ :param cls: the argument class to instantiate. This defaults to
+ :class:`Argument`.
+ """
+
+ def decorator(f: FC) -> FC:
+ ArgumentClass = attrs.pop("cls", Argument)
+ _param_memo(f, ArgumentClass(param_decls, **attrs))
+ return f
+
+ return decorator
+
+
+def option(*param_decls: str, **attrs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
+ """Attaches an option to the command. All positional arguments are
+ passed as parameter declarations to :class:`Option`; all keyword
+ arguments are forwarded unchanged (except ``cls``).
+ This is equivalent to creating an :class:`Option` instance manually
+ and attaching it to the :attr:`Command.params` list.
+
+ :param cls: the option class to instantiate. This defaults to
+ :class:`Option`.
+ """
+
+ def decorator(f: FC) -> FC:
+ # Issue 926, copy attrs, so pre-defined options can re-use the same cls=
+ option_attrs = attrs.copy()
+
+ if "help" in option_attrs:
+ option_attrs["help"] = inspect.cleandoc(option_attrs["help"])
+ OptionClass = option_attrs.pop("cls", Option)
+ _param_memo(f, OptionClass(param_decls, **option_attrs))
+ return f
+
+ return decorator
+
+
+def confirmation_option(*param_decls: str, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
+ """Add a ``--yes`` option which shows a prompt before continuing if
+ not passed. If the prompt is declined, the program will exit.
+
+ :param param_decls: One or more option names. Defaults to the single
+ value ``"--yes"``.
+ :param kwargs: Extra arguments are passed to :func:`option`.
+ """
+
+ def callback(ctx: Context, param: Parameter, value: bool) -> None:
+ if not value:
+ ctx.abort()
+
+ if not param_decls:
+ param_decls = ("--yes",)
+
+ kwargs.setdefault("is_flag", True)
+ kwargs.setdefault("callback", callback)
+ kwargs.setdefault("expose_value", False)
+ kwargs.setdefault("prompt", "Do you want to continue?")
+ kwargs.setdefault("help", "Confirm the action without prompting.")
+ return option(*param_decls, **kwargs)
+
+
+def password_option(*param_decls: str, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
+ """Add a ``--password`` option which prompts for a password, hiding
+ input and asking to enter the value again for confirmation.
+
+ :param param_decls: One or more option names. Defaults to the single
+ value ``"--password"``.
+ :param kwargs: Extra arguments are passed to :func:`option`.
+ """
+ if not param_decls:
+ param_decls = ("--password",)
+
+ kwargs.setdefault("prompt", True)
+ kwargs.setdefault("confirmation_prompt", True)
+ kwargs.setdefault("hide_input", True)
+ return option(*param_decls, **kwargs)
+
+
+def version_option(
+ version: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ *param_decls: str,
+ package_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ prog_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ message: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ **kwargs: t.Any,
+) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
+ """Add a ``--version`` option which immediately prints the version
+ number and exits the program.
+
+ If ``version`` is not provided, Click will try to detect it using
+ :func:`importlib.metadata.version` to get the version for the
+ ``package_name``. On Python < 3.8, the ``importlib_metadata``
+ backport must be installed.
+
+ If ``package_name`` is not provided, Click will try to detect it by
+ inspecting the stack frames. This will be used to detect the
+ version, so it must match the name of the installed package.
+
+ :param version: The version number to show. If not provided, Click
+ will try to detect it.
+ :param param_decls: One or more option names. Defaults to the single
+ value ``"--version"``.
+ :param package_name: The package name to detect the version from. If
+ not provided, Click will try to detect it.
+ :param prog_name: The name of the CLI to show in the message. If not
+ provided, it will be detected from the command.
+ :param message: The message to show. The values ``%(prog)s``,
+ ``%(package)s``, and ``%(version)s`` are available. Defaults to
+ ``"%(prog)s, version %(version)s"``.
+ :param kwargs: Extra arguments are passed to :func:`option`.
+ :raise RuntimeError: ``version`` could not be detected.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Add the ``package_name`` parameter, and the ``%(package)s``
+ value for messages.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Use :mod:`importlib.metadata` instead of ``pkg_resources``. The
+ version is detected based on the package name, not the entry
+ point name. The Python package name must match the installed
+ package name, or be passed with ``package_name=``.
+ """
+ if message is None:
+ message = _("%(prog)s, version %(version)s")
+
+ if version is None and package_name is None:
+ frame = inspect.currentframe()
+ assert frame is not None
+ assert frame.f_back is not None
+ f_globals = frame.f_back.f_globals if frame is not None else None
+ # break reference cycle
+ # https://docs.python.org/3/library/inspect.html#the-interpreter-stack
+ del frame
+
+ if f_globals is not None:
+ package_name = f_globals.get("__name__")
+
+ if package_name == "__main__":
+ package_name = f_globals.get("__package__")
+
+ if package_name:
+ package_name = package_name.partition(".")[0]
+
+ def callback(ctx: Context, param: Parameter, value: bool) -> None:
+ if not value or ctx.resilient_parsing:
+ return
+
+ nonlocal prog_name
+ nonlocal version
+
+ if prog_name is None:
+ prog_name = ctx.find_root().info_name
+
+ if version is None and package_name is not None:
+ metadata: t.Optional[types.ModuleType]
+
+ try:
+ from importlib import metadata # type: ignore
+ except ImportError:
+ # Python < 3.8
+ import importlib_metadata as metadata # type: ignore
+
+ try:
+ version = metadata.version(package_name) # type: ignore
+ except metadata.PackageNotFoundError: # type: ignore
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ f"{package_name!r} is not installed. Try passing"
+ " 'package_name' instead."
+ )
+
+ if version is None:
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ f"Could not determine the version for {package_name!r} automatically."
+ )
+
+ echo(
+ t.cast(str, message)
+ % {"prog": prog_name, "package": package_name, "version": version},
+ color=ctx.color,
+ )
+ ctx.exit()
+
+ if not param_decls:
+ param_decls = ("--version",)
+
+ kwargs.setdefault("is_flag", True)
+ kwargs.setdefault("expose_value", False)
+ kwargs.setdefault("is_eager", True)
+ kwargs.setdefault("help", _("Show the version and exit."))
+ kwargs["callback"] = callback
+ return option(*param_decls, **kwargs)
+
+
+def help_option(*param_decls: str, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
+ """Add a ``--help`` option which immediately prints the help page
+ and exits the program.
+
+ This is usually unnecessary, as the ``--help`` option is added to
+ each command automatically unless ``add_help_option=False`` is
+ passed.
+
+ :param param_decls: One or more option names. Defaults to the single
+ value ``"--help"``.
+ :param kwargs: Extra arguments are passed to :func:`option`.
+ """
+
+ def callback(ctx: Context, param: Parameter, value: bool) -> None:
+ if not value or ctx.resilient_parsing:
+ return
+
+ echo(ctx.get_help(), color=ctx.color)
+ ctx.exit()
+
+ if not param_decls:
+ param_decls = ("--help",)
+
+ kwargs.setdefault("is_flag", True)
+ kwargs.setdefault("expose_value", False)
+ kwargs.setdefault("is_eager", True)
+ kwargs.setdefault("help", _("Show this message and exit."))
+ kwargs["callback"] = callback
+ return option(*param_decls, **kwargs)
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/exceptions.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9e20b3eb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+import os
+import typing as t
+from gettext import gettext as _
+from gettext import ngettext
+
+from ._compat import get_text_stderr
+from .utils import echo
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+ from .core import Context
+ from .core import Parameter
+
+
+def _join_param_hints(
+ param_hint: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Sequence[str], str]]
+) -> t.Optional[str]:
+ if param_hint is not None and not isinstance(param_hint, str):
+ return " / ".join(repr(x) for x in param_hint)
+
+ return param_hint
+
+
+class ClickException(Exception):
+ """An exception that Click can handle and show to the user."""
+
+ #: The exit code for this exception.
+ exit_code = 1
+
+ def __init__(self, message: str) -> None:
+ super().__init__(message)
+ self.message = message
+
+ def format_message(self) -> str:
+ return self.message
+
+ def __str__(self) -> str:
+ return self.message
+
+ def show(self, file: t.Optional[t.IO] = None) -> None:
+ if file is None:
+ file = get_text_stderr()
+
+ echo(_("Error: {message}").format(message=self.format_message()), file=file)
+
+
+class UsageError(ClickException):
+ """An internal exception that signals a usage error. This typically
+ aborts any further handling.
+
+ :param message: the error message to display.
+ :param ctx: optionally the context that caused this error. Click will
+ fill in the context automatically in some situations.
+ """
+
+ exit_code = 2
+
+ def __init__(self, message: str, ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None) -> None:
+ super().__init__(message)
+ self.ctx = ctx
+ self.cmd = self.ctx.command if self.ctx else None
+
+ def show(self, file: t.Optional[t.IO] = None) -> None:
+ if file is None:
+ file = get_text_stderr()
+ color = None
+ hint = ""
+ if (
+ self.ctx is not None
+ and self.ctx.command.get_help_option(self.ctx) is not None
+ ):
+ hint = _("Try '{command} {option}' for help.").format(
+ command=self.ctx.command_path, option=self.ctx.help_option_names[0]
+ )
+ hint = f"{hint}\n"
+ if self.ctx is not None:
+ color = self.ctx.color
+ echo(f"{self.ctx.get_usage()}\n{hint}", file=file, color=color)
+ echo(
+ _("Error: {message}").format(message=self.format_message()),
+ file=file,
+ color=color,
+ )
+
+
+class BadParameter(UsageError):
+ """An exception that formats out a standardized error message for a
+ bad parameter. This is useful when thrown from a callback or type as
+ Click will attach contextual information to it (for instance, which
+ parameter it is).
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+ :param param: the parameter object that caused this error. This can
+ be left out, and Click will attach this info itself
+ if possible.
+ :param param_hint: a string that shows up as parameter name. This
+ can be used as alternative to `param` in cases
+ where custom validation should happen. If it is
+ a string it's used as such, if it's a list then
+ each item is quoted and separated.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ message: str,
+ ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None,
+ param: t.Optional["Parameter"] = None,
+ param_hint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ ) -> None:
+ super().__init__(message, ctx)
+ self.param = param
+ self.param_hint = param_hint
+
+ def format_message(self) -> str:
+ if self.param_hint is not None:
+ param_hint = self.param_hint
+ elif self.param is not None:
+ param_hint = self.param.get_error_hint(self.ctx) # type: ignore
+ else:
+ return _("Invalid value: {message}").format(message=self.message)
+
+ return _("Invalid value for {param_hint}: {message}").format(
+ param_hint=_join_param_hints(param_hint), message=self.message
+ )
+
+
+class MissingParameter(BadParameter):
+ """Raised if click required an option or argument but it was not
+ provided when invoking the script.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 4.0
+
+ :param param_type: a string that indicates the type of the parameter.
+ The default is to inherit the parameter type from
+ the given `param`. Valid values are ``'parameter'``,
+ ``'option'`` or ``'argument'``.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ message: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None,
+ param: t.Optional["Parameter"] = None,
+ param_hint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ param_type: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ ) -> None:
+ super().__init__(message or "", ctx, param, param_hint)
+ self.param_type = param_type
+
+ def format_message(self) -> str:
+ if self.param_hint is not None:
+ param_hint: t.Optional[str] = self.param_hint
+ elif self.param is not None:
+ param_hint = self.param.get_error_hint(self.ctx) # type: ignore
+ else:
+ param_hint = None
+
+ param_hint = _join_param_hints(param_hint)
+ param_hint = f" {param_hint}" if param_hint else ""
+
+ param_type = self.param_type
+ if param_type is None and self.param is not None:
+ param_type = self.param.param_type_name
+
+ msg = self.message
+ if self.param is not None:
+ msg_extra = self.param.type.get_missing_message(self.param)
+ if msg_extra:
+ if msg:
+ msg += f". {msg_extra}"
+ else:
+ msg = msg_extra
+
+ msg = f" {msg}" if msg else ""
+
+ # Translate param_type for known types.
+ if param_type == "argument":
+ missing = _("Missing argument")
+ elif param_type == "option":
+ missing = _("Missing option")
+ elif param_type == "parameter":
+ missing = _("Missing parameter")
+ else:
+ missing = _("Missing {param_type}").format(param_type=param_type)
+
+ return f"{missing}{param_hint}.{msg}"
+
+ def __str__(self) -> str:
+ if not self.message:
+ param_name = self.param.name if self.param else None
+ return _("Missing parameter: {param_name}").format(param_name=param_name)
+ else:
+ return self.message
+
+
+class NoSuchOption(UsageError):
+ """Raised if click attempted to handle an option that does not
+ exist.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 4.0
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ option_name: str,
+ message: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ possibilities: t.Optional[t.Sequence[str]] = None,
+ ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None,
+ ) -> None:
+ if message is None:
+ message = _("No such option: {name}").format(name=option_name)
+
+ super().__init__(message, ctx)
+ self.option_name = option_name
+ self.possibilities = possibilities
+
+ def format_message(self) -> str:
+ if not self.possibilities:
+ return self.message
+
+ possibility_str = ", ".join(sorted(self.possibilities))
+ suggest = ngettext(
+ "Did you mean {possibility}?",
+ "(Possible options: {possibilities})",
+ len(self.possibilities),
+ ).format(possibility=possibility_str, possibilities=possibility_str)
+ return f"{self.message} {suggest}"
+
+
+class BadOptionUsage(UsageError):
+ """Raised if an option is generally supplied but the use of the option
+ was incorrect. This is for instance raised if the number of arguments
+ for an option is not correct.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 4.0
+
+ :param option_name: the name of the option being used incorrectly.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self, option_name: str, message: str, ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None
+ ) -> None:
+ super().__init__(message, ctx)
+ self.option_name = option_name
+
+
+class BadArgumentUsage(UsageError):
+ """Raised if an argument is generally supplied but the use of the argument
+ was incorrect. This is for instance raised if the number of values
+ for an argument is not correct.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 6.0
+ """
+
+
+class FileError(ClickException):
+ """Raised if a file cannot be opened."""
+
+ def __init__(self, filename: str, hint: t.Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+ if hint is None:
+ hint = _("unknown error")
+
+ super().__init__(hint)
+ self.ui_filename = os.fsdecode(filename)
+ self.filename = filename
+
+ def format_message(self) -> str:
+ return _("Could not open file {filename!r}: {message}").format(
+ filename=self.ui_filename, message=self.message
+ )
+
+
+class Abort(RuntimeError):
+ """An internal signalling exception that signals Click to abort."""
+
+
+class Exit(RuntimeError):
+ """An exception that indicates that the application should exit with some
+ status code.
+
+ :param code: the status code to exit with.
+ """
+
+ __slots__ = ("exit_code",)
+
+ def __init__(self, code: int = 0) -> None:
+ self.exit_code = code
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/formatting.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/formatting.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ddd2a2f82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/formatting.py
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+import typing as t
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from gettext import gettext as _
+
+from ._compat import term_len
+from .parser import split_opt
+
+# Can force a width. This is used by the test system
+FORCED_WIDTH: t.Optional[int] = None
+
+
+def measure_table(rows: t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, str]]) -> t.Tuple[int, ...]:
+ widths: t.Dict[int, int] = {}
+
+ for row in rows:
+ for idx, col in enumerate(row):
+ widths[idx] = max(widths.get(idx, 0), term_len(col))
+
+ return tuple(y for x, y in sorted(widths.items()))
+
+
+def iter_rows(
+ rows: t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, str]], col_count: int
+) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[str, ...]]:
+ for row in rows:
+ yield row + ("",) * (col_count - len(row))
+
+
+def wrap_text(
+ text: str,
+ width: int = 78,
+ initial_indent: str = "",
+ subsequent_indent: str = "",
+ preserve_paragraphs: bool = False,
+) -> str:
+ """A helper function that intelligently wraps text. By default, it
+ assumes that it operates on a single paragraph of text but if the
+ `preserve_paragraphs` parameter is provided it will intelligently
+ handle paragraphs (defined by two empty lines).
+
+ If paragraphs are handled, a paragraph can be prefixed with an empty
+ line containing the ``\\b`` character (``\\x08``) to indicate that
+ no rewrapping should happen in that block.
+
+ :param text: the text that should be rewrapped.
+ :param width: the maximum width for the text.
+ :param initial_indent: the initial indent that should be placed on the
+ first line as a string.
+ :param subsequent_indent: the indent string that should be placed on
+ each consecutive line.
+ :param preserve_paragraphs: if this flag is set then the wrapping will
+ intelligently handle paragraphs.
+ """
+ from ._textwrap import TextWrapper
+
+ text = text.expandtabs()
+ wrapper = TextWrapper(
+ width,
+ initial_indent=initial_indent,
+ subsequent_indent=subsequent_indent,
+ replace_whitespace=False,
+ )
+ if not preserve_paragraphs:
+ return wrapper.fill(text)
+
+ p: t.List[t.Tuple[int, bool, str]] = []
+ buf: t.List[str] = []
+ indent = None
+
+ def _flush_par() -> None:
+ if not buf:
+ return
+ if buf[0].strip() == "\b":
+ p.append((indent or 0, True, "\n".join(buf[1:])))
+ else:
+ p.append((indent or 0, False, " ".join(buf)))
+ del buf[:]
+
+ for line in text.splitlines():
+ if not line:
+ _flush_par()
+ indent = None
+ else:
+ if indent is None:
+ orig_len = term_len(line)
+ line = line.lstrip()
+ indent = orig_len - term_len(line)
+ buf.append(line)
+ _flush_par()
+
+ rv = []
+ for indent, raw, text in p:
+ with wrapper.extra_indent(" " * indent):
+ if raw:
+ rv.append(wrapper.indent_only(text))
+ else:
+ rv.append(wrapper.fill(text))
+
+ return "\n\n".join(rv)
+
+
+class HelpFormatter:
+ """This class helps with formatting text-based help pages. It's
+ usually just needed for very special internal cases, but it's also
+ exposed so that developers can write their own fancy outputs.
+
+ At present, it always writes into memory.
+
+ :param indent_increment: the additional increment for each level.
+ :param width: the width for the text. This defaults to the terminal
+ width clamped to a maximum of 78.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ indent_increment: int = 2,
+ width: t.Optional[int] = None,
+ max_width: t.Optional[int] = None,
+ ) -> None:
+ import shutil
+
+ self.indent_increment = indent_increment
+ if max_width is None:
+ max_width = 80
+ if width is None:
+ width = FORCED_WIDTH
+ if width is None:
+ width = max(min(shutil.get_terminal_size().columns, max_width) - 2, 50)
+ self.width = width
+ self.current_indent = 0
+ self.buffer: t.List[str] = []
+
+ def write(self, string: str) -> None:
+ """Writes a unicode string into the internal buffer."""
+ self.buffer.append(string)
+
+ def indent(self) -> None:
+ """Increases the indentation."""
+ self.current_indent += self.indent_increment
+
+ def dedent(self) -> None:
+ """Decreases the indentation."""
+ self.current_indent -= self.indent_increment
+
+ def write_usage(
+ self, prog: str, args: str = "", prefix: t.Optional[str] = None
+ ) -> None:
+ """Writes a usage line into the buffer.
+
+ :param prog: the program name.
+ :param args: whitespace separated list of arguments.
+ :param prefix: The prefix for the first line. Defaults to
+ ``"Usage: "``.
+ """
+ if prefix is None:
+ prefix = f"{_('Usage:')} "
+
+ usage_prefix = f"{prefix:>{self.current_indent}}{prog} "
+ text_width = self.width - self.current_indent
+
+ if text_width >= (term_len(usage_prefix) + 20):
+ # The arguments will fit to the right of the prefix.
+ indent = " " * term_len(usage_prefix)
+ self.write(
+ wrap_text(
+ args,
+ text_width,
+ initial_indent=usage_prefix,
+ subsequent_indent=indent,
+ )
+ )
+ else:
+ # The prefix is too long, put the arguments on the next line.
+ self.write(usage_prefix)
+ self.write("\n")
+ indent = " " * (max(self.current_indent, term_len(prefix)) + 4)
+ self.write(
+ wrap_text(
+ args, text_width, initial_indent=indent, subsequent_indent=indent
+ )
+ )
+
+ self.write("\n")
+
+ def write_heading(self, heading: str) -> None:
+ """Writes a heading into the buffer."""
+ self.write(f"{'':>{self.current_indent}}{heading}:\n")
+
+ def write_paragraph(self) -> None:
+ """Writes a paragraph into the buffer."""
+ if self.buffer:
+ self.write("\n")
+
+ def write_text(self, text: str) -> None:
+ """Writes re-indented text into the buffer. This rewraps and
+ preserves paragraphs.
+ """
+ indent = " " * self.current_indent
+ self.write(
+ wrap_text(
+ text,
+ self.width,
+ initial_indent=indent,
+ subsequent_indent=indent,
+ preserve_paragraphs=True,
+ )
+ )
+ self.write("\n")
+
+ def write_dl(
+ self,
+ rows: t.Sequence[t.Tuple[str, str]],
+ col_max: int = 30,
+ col_spacing: int = 2,
+ ) -> None:
+ """Writes a definition list into the buffer. This is how options
+ and commands are usually formatted.
+
+ :param rows: a list of two item tuples for the terms and values.
+ :param col_max: the maximum width of the first column.
+ :param col_spacing: the number of spaces between the first and
+ second column.
+ """
+ rows = list(rows)
+ widths = measure_table(rows)
+ if len(widths) != 2:
+ raise TypeError("Expected two columns for definition list")
+
+ first_col = min(widths[0], col_max) + col_spacing
+
+ for first, second in iter_rows(rows, len(widths)):
+ self.write(f"{'':>{self.current_indent}}{first}")
+ if not second:
+ self.write("\n")
+ continue
+ if term_len(first) <= first_col - col_spacing:
+ self.write(" " * (first_col - term_len(first)))
+ else:
+ self.write("\n")
+ self.write(" " * (first_col + self.current_indent))
+
+ text_width = max(self.width - first_col - 2, 10)
+ wrapped_text = wrap_text(second, text_width, preserve_paragraphs=True)
+ lines = wrapped_text.splitlines()
+
+ if lines:
+ self.write(f"{lines[0]}\n")
+
+ for line in lines[1:]:
+ self.write(f"{'':>{first_col + self.current_indent}}{line}\n")
+ else:
+ self.write("\n")
+
+ @contextmanager
+ def section(self, name: str) -> t.Iterator[None]:
+ """Helpful context manager that writes a paragraph, a heading,
+ and the indents.
+
+ :param name: the section name that is written as heading.
+ """
+ self.write_paragraph()
+ self.write_heading(name)
+ self.indent()
+ try:
+ yield
+ finally:
+ self.dedent()
+
+ @contextmanager
+ def indentation(self) -> t.Iterator[None]:
+ """A context manager that increases the indentation."""
+ self.indent()
+ try:
+ yield
+ finally:
+ self.dedent()
+
+ def getvalue(self) -> str:
+ """Returns the buffer contents."""
+ return "".join(self.buffer)
+
+
+def join_options(options: t.Sequence[str]) -> t.Tuple[str, bool]:
+ """Given a list of option strings this joins them in the most appropriate
+ way and returns them in the form ``(formatted_string,
+ any_prefix_is_slash)`` where the second item in the tuple is a flag that
+ indicates if any of the option prefixes was a slash.
+ """
+ rv = []
+ any_prefix_is_slash = False
+
+ for opt in options:
+ prefix = split_opt(opt)[0]
+
+ if prefix == "/":
+ any_prefix_is_slash = True
+
+ rv.append((len(prefix), opt))
+
+ rv.sort(key=lambda x: x[0])
+ return ", ".join(x[1] for x in rv), any_prefix_is_slash
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/globals.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/globals.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cfcade148
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/globals.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import typing
+import typing as t
+from threading import local
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+ import typing_extensions as te
+ from .core import Context
+
+_local = local()
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def get_current_context(silent: "te.Literal[False]" = False) -> "Context":
+ ...
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def get_current_context(silent: bool = ...) -> t.Optional["Context"]:
+ ...
+
+
+def get_current_context(silent: bool = False) -> t.Optional["Context"]:
+ """Returns the current click context. This can be used as a way to
+ access the current context object from anywhere. This is a more implicit
+ alternative to the :func:`pass_context` decorator. This function is
+ primarily useful for helpers such as :func:`echo` which might be
+ interested in changing its behavior based on the current context.
+
+ To push the current context, :meth:`Context.scope` can be used.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 5.0
+
+ :param silent: if set to `True` the return value is `None` if no context
+ is available. The default behavior is to raise a
+ :exc:`RuntimeError`.
+ """
+ try:
+ return t.cast("Context", _local.stack[-1])
+ except (AttributeError, IndexError):
+ if not silent:
+ raise RuntimeError("There is no active click context.")
+
+ return None
+
+
+def push_context(ctx: "Context") -> None:
+ """Pushes a new context to the current stack."""
+ _local.__dict__.setdefault("stack", []).append(ctx)
+
+
+def pop_context() -> None:
+ """Removes the top level from the stack."""
+ _local.stack.pop()
+
+
+def resolve_color_default(color: t.Optional[bool] = None) -> t.Optional[bool]:
+ """Internal helper to get the default value of the color flag. If a
+ value is passed it's returned unchanged, otherwise it's looked up from
+ the current context.
+ """
+ if color is not None:
+ return color
+
+ ctx = get_current_context(silent=True)
+
+ if ctx is not None:
+ return ctx.color
+
+ return None
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/parser.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/parser.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7d995f774
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/parser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,529 @@
+"""
+This module started out as largely a copy paste from the stdlib's
+optparse module with the features removed that we do not need from
+optparse because we implement them in Click on a higher level (for
+instance type handling, help formatting and a lot more).
+
+The plan is to remove more and more from here over time.
+
+The reason this is a different module and not optparse from the stdlib
+is that there are differences in 2.x and 3.x about the error messages
+generated and optparse in the stdlib uses gettext for no good reason
+and might cause us issues.
+
+Click uses parts of optparse written by Gregory P. Ward and maintained
+by the Python Software Foundation. This is limited to code in parser.py.
+
+Copyright 2001-2006 Gregory P. Ward. All rights reserved.
+Copyright 2002-2006 Python Software Foundation. All rights reserved.
+"""
+# This code uses parts of optparse written by Gregory P. Ward and
+# maintained by the Python Software Foundation.
+# Copyright 2001-2006 Gregory P. Ward
+# Copyright 2002-2006 Python Software Foundation
+import typing as t
+from collections import deque
+from gettext import gettext as _
+from gettext import ngettext
+
+from .exceptions import BadArgumentUsage
+from .exceptions import BadOptionUsage
+from .exceptions import NoSuchOption
+from .exceptions import UsageError
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+ import typing_extensions as te
+ from .core import Argument as CoreArgument
+ from .core import Context
+ from .core import Option as CoreOption
+ from .core import Parameter as CoreParameter
+
+V = t.TypeVar("V")
+
+# Sentinel value that indicates an option was passed as a flag without a
+# value but is not a flag option. Option.consume_value uses this to
+# prompt or use the flag_value.
+_flag_needs_value = object()
+
+
+def _unpack_args(
+ args: t.Sequence[str], nargs_spec: t.Sequence[int]
+) -> t.Tuple[t.Sequence[t.Union[str, t.Sequence[t.Optional[str]], None]], t.List[str]]:
+ """Given an iterable of arguments and an iterable of nargs specifications,
+ it returns a tuple with all the unpacked arguments at the first index
+ and all remaining arguments as the second.
+
+ The nargs specification is the number of arguments that should be consumed
+ or `-1` to indicate that this position should eat up all the remainders.
+
+ Missing items are filled with `None`.
+ """
+ args = deque(args)
+ nargs_spec = deque(nargs_spec)
+ rv: t.List[t.Union[str, t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], ...], None]] = []
+ spos: t.Optional[int] = None
+
+ def _fetch(c: "te.Deque[V]") -> t.Optional[V]:
+ try:
+ if spos is None:
+ return c.popleft()
+ else:
+ return c.pop()
+ except IndexError:
+ return None
+
+ while nargs_spec:
+ nargs = _fetch(nargs_spec)
+
+ if nargs is None:
+ continue
+
+ if nargs == 1:
+ rv.append(_fetch(args))
+ elif nargs > 1:
+ x = [_fetch(args) for _ in range(nargs)]
+
+ # If we're reversed, we're pulling in the arguments in reverse,
+ # so we need to turn them around.
+ if spos is not None:
+ x.reverse()
+
+ rv.append(tuple(x))
+ elif nargs < 0:
+ if spos is not None:
+ raise TypeError("Cannot have two nargs < 0")
+
+ spos = len(rv)
+ rv.append(None)
+
+ # spos is the position of the wildcard (star). If it's not `None`,
+ # we fill it with the remainder.
+ if spos is not None:
+ rv[spos] = tuple(args)
+ args = []
+ rv[spos + 1 :] = reversed(rv[spos + 1 :])
+
+ return tuple(rv), list(args)
+
+
+def split_opt(opt: str) -> t.Tuple[str, str]:
+ first = opt[:1]
+ if first.isalnum():
+ return "", opt
+ if opt[1:2] == first:
+ return opt[:2], opt[2:]
+ return first, opt[1:]
+
+
+def normalize_opt(opt: str, ctx: t.Optional["Context"]) -> str:
+ if ctx is None or ctx.token_normalize_func is None:
+ return opt
+ prefix, opt = split_opt(opt)
+ return f"{prefix}{ctx.token_normalize_func(opt)}"
+
+
+def split_arg_string(string: str) -> t.List[str]:
+ """Split an argument string as with :func:`shlex.split`, but don't
+ fail if the string is incomplete. Ignores a missing closing quote or
+ incomplete escape sequence and uses the partial token as-is.
+
+ .. code-block:: python
+
+ split_arg_string("example 'my file")
+ ["example", "my file"]
+
+ split_arg_string("example my\\")
+ ["example", "my"]
+
+ :param string: String to split.
+ """
+ import shlex
+
+ lex = shlex.shlex(string, posix=True)
+ lex.whitespace_split = True
+ lex.commenters = ""
+ out = []
+
+ try:
+ for token in lex:
+ out.append(token)
+ except ValueError:
+ # Raised when end-of-string is reached in an invalid state. Use
+ # the partial token as-is. The quote or escape character is in
+ # lex.state, not lex.token.
+ out.append(lex.token)
+
+ return out
+
+
+class Option:
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ obj: "CoreOption",
+ opts: t.Sequence[str],
+ dest: t.Optional[str],
+ action: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ nargs: int = 1,
+ const: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+ ):
+ self._short_opts = []
+ self._long_opts = []
+ self.prefixes = set()
+
+ for opt in opts:
+ prefix, value = split_opt(opt)
+ if not prefix:
+ raise ValueError(f"Invalid start character for option ({opt})")
+ self.prefixes.add(prefix[0])
+ if len(prefix) == 1 and len(value) == 1:
+ self._short_opts.append(opt)
+ else:
+ self._long_opts.append(opt)
+ self.prefixes.add(prefix)
+
+ if action is None:
+ action = "store"
+
+ self.dest = dest
+ self.action = action
+ self.nargs = nargs
+ self.const = const
+ self.obj = obj
+
+ @property
+ def takes_value(self) -> bool:
+ return self.action in ("store", "append")
+
+ def process(self, value: str, state: "ParsingState") -> None:
+ if self.action == "store":
+ state.opts[self.dest] = value # type: ignore
+ elif self.action == "store_const":
+ state.opts[self.dest] = self.const # type: ignore
+ elif self.action == "append":
+ state.opts.setdefault(self.dest, []).append(value) # type: ignore
+ elif self.action == "append_const":
+ state.opts.setdefault(self.dest, []).append(self.const) # type: ignore
+ elif self.action == "count":
+ state.opts[self.dest] = state.opts.get(self.dest, 0) + 1 # type: ignore
+ else:
+ raise ValueError(f"unknown action '{self.action}'")
+ state.order.append(self.obj)
+
+
+class Argument:
+ def __init__(self, obj: "CoreArgument", dest: t.Optional[str], nargs: int = 1):
+ self.dest = dest
+ self.nargs = nargs
+ self.obj = obj
+
+ def process(
+ self,
+ value: t.Union[t.Optional[str], t.Sequence[t.Optional[str]]],
+ state: "ParsingState",
+ ) -> None:
+ if self.nargs > 1:
+ assert value is not None
+ holes = sum(1 for x in value if x is None)
+ if holes == len(value):
+ value = None
+ elif holes != 0:
+ raise BadArgumentUsage(
+ _("Argument {name!r} takes {nargs} values.").format(
+ name=self.dest, nargs=self.nargs
+ )
+ )
+
+ if self.nargs == -1 and self.obj.envvar is not None and value == ():
+ # Replace empty tuple with None so that a value from the
+ # environment may be tried.
+ value = None
+
+ state.opts[self.dest] = value # type: ignore
+ state.order.append(self.obj)
+
+
+class ParsingState:
+ def __init__(self, rargs: t.List[str]) -> None:
+ self.opts: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = {}
+ self.largs: t.List[str] = []
+ self.rargs = rargs
+ self.order: t.List["CoreParameter"] = []
+
+
+class OptionParser:
+ """The option parser is an internal class that is ultimately used to
+ parse options and arguments. It's modelled after optparse and brings
+ a similar but vastly simplified API. It should generally not be used
+ directly as the high level Click classes wrap it for you.
+
+ It's not nearly as extensible as optparse or argparse as it does not
+ implement features that are implemented on a higher level (such as
+ types or defaults).
+
+ :param ctx: optionally the :class:`~click.Context` where this parser
+ should go with.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None) -> None:
+ #: The :class:`~click.Context` for this parser. This might be
+ #: `None` for some advanced use cases.
+ self.ctx = ctx
+ #: This controls how the parser deals with interspersed arguments.
+ #: If this is set to `False`, the parser will stop on the first
+ #: non-option. Click uses this to implement nested subcommands
+ #: safely.
+ self.allow_interspersed_args = True
+ #: This tells the parser how to deal with unknown options. By
+ #: default it will error out (which is sensible), but there is a
+ #: second mode where it will ignore it and continue processing
+ #: after shifting all the unknown options into the resulting args.
+ self.ignore_unknown_options = False
+
+ if ctx is not None:
+ self.allow_interspersed_args = ctx.allow_interspersed_args
+ self.ignore_unknown_options = ctx.ignore_unknown_options
+
+ self._short_opt: t.Dict[str, Option] = {}
+ self._long_opt: t.Dict[str, Option] = {}
+ self._opt_prefixes = {"-", "--"}
+ self._args: t.List[Argument] = []
+
+ def add_option(
+ self,
+ obj: "CoreOption",
+ opts: t.Sequence[str],
+ dest: t.Optional[str],
+ action: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ nargs: int = 1,
+ const: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+ ) -> None:
+ """Adds a new option named `dest` to the parser. The destination
+ is not inferred (unlike with optparse) and needs to be explicitly
+ provided. Action can be any of ``store``, ``store_const``,
+ ``append``, ``appnd_const`` or ``count``.
+
+ The `obj` can be used to identify the option in the order list
+ that is returned from the parser.
+ """
+ opts = [normalize_opt(opt, self.ctx) for opt in opts]
+ option = Option(obj, opts, dest, action=action, nargs=nargs, const=const)
+ self._opt_prefixes.update(option.prefixes)
+ for opt in option._short_opts:
+ self._short_opt[opt] = option
+ for opt in option._long_opts:
+ self._long_opt[opt] = option
+
+ def add_argument(
+ self, obj: "CoreArgument", dest: t.Optional[str], nargs: int = 1
+ ) -> None:
+ """Adds a positional argument named `dest` to the parser.
+
+ The `obj` can be used to identify the option in the order list
+ that is returned from the parser.
+ """
+ self._args.append(Argument(obj, dest=dest, nargs=nargs))
+
+ def parse_args(
+ self, args: t.List[str]
+ ) -> t.Tuple[t.Dict[str, t.Any], t.List[str], t.List["CoreParameter"]]:
+ """Parses positional arguments and returns ``(values, args, order)``
+ for the parsed options and arguments as well as the leftover
+ arguments if there are any. The order is a list of objects as they
+ appear on the command line. If arguments appear multiple times they
+ will be memorized multiple times as well.
+ """
+ state = ParsingState(args)
+ try:
+ self._process_args_for_options(state)
+ self._process_args_for_args(state)
+ except UsageError:
+ if self.ctx is None or not self.ctx.resilient_parsing:
+ raise
+ return state.opts, state.largs, state.order
+
+ def _process_args_for_args(self, state: ParsingState) -> None:
+ pargs, args = _unpack_args(
+ state.largs + state.rargs, [x.nargs for x in self._args]
+ )
+
+ for idx, arg in enumerate(self._args):
+ arg.process(pargs[idx], state)
+
+ state.largs = args
+ state.rargs = []
+
+ def _process_args_for_options(self, state: ParsingState) -> None:
+ while state.rargs:
+ arg = state.rargs.pop(0)
+ arglen = len(arg)
+ # Double dashes always handled explicitly regardless of what
+ # prefixes are valid.
+ if arg == "--":
+ return
+ elif arg[:1] in self._opt_prefixes and arglen > 1:
+ self._process_opts(arg, state)
+ elif self.allow_interspersed_args:
+ state.largs.append(arg)
+ else:
+ state.rargs.insert(0, arg)
+ return
+
+ # Say this is the original argument list:
+ # [arg0, arg1, ..., arg(i-1), arg(i), arg(i+1), ..., arg(N-1)]
+ # ^
+ # (we are about to process arg(i)).
+ #
+ # Then rargs is [arg(i), ..., arg(N-1)] and largs is a *subset* of
+ # [arg0, ..., arg(i-1)] (any options and their arguments will have
+ # been removed from largs).
+ #
+ # The while loop will usually consume 1 or more arguments per pass.
+ # If it consumes 1 (eg. arg is an option that takes no arguments),
+ # then after _process_arg() is done the situation is:
+ #
+ # largs = subset of [arg0, ..., arg(i)]
+ # rargs = [arg(i+1), ..., arg(N-1)]
+ #
+ # If allow_interspersed_args is false, largs will always be
+ # *empty* -- still a subset of [arg0, ..., arg(i-1)], but
+ # not a very interesting subset!
+
+ def _match_long_opt(
+ self, opt: str, explicit_value: t.Optional[str], state: ParsingState
+ ) -> None:
+ if opt not in self._long_opt:
+ from difflib import get_close_matches
+
+ possibilities = get_close_matches(opt, self._long_opt)
+ raise NoSuchOption(opt, possibilities=possibilities, ctx=self.ctx)
+
+ option = self._long_opt[opt]
+ if option.takes_value:
+ # At this point it's safe to modify rargs by injecting the
+ # explicit value, because no exception is raised in this
+ # branch. This means that the inserted value will be fully
+ # consumed.
+ if explicit_value is not None:
+ state.rargs.insert(0, explicit_value)
+
+ value = self._get_value_from_state(opt, option, state)
+
+ elif explicit_value is not None:
+ raise BadOptionUsage(
+ opt, _("Option {name!r} does not take a value.").format(name=opt)
+ )
+
+ else:
+ value = None
+
+ option.process(value, state)
+
+ def _match_short_opt(self, arg: str, state: ParsingState) -> None:
+ stop = False
+ i = 1
+ prefix = arg[0]
+ unknown_options = []
+
+ for ch in arg[1:]:
+ opt = normalize_opt(f"{prefix}{ch}", self.ctx)
+ option = self._short_opt.get(opt)
+ i += 1
+
+ if not option:
+ if self.ignore_unknown_options:
+ unknown_options.append(ch)
+ continue
+ raise NoSuchOption(opt, ctx=self.ctx)
+ if option.takes_value:
+ # Any characters left in arg? Pretend they're the
+ # next arg, and stop consuming characters of arg.
+ if i < len(arg):
+ state.rargs.insert(0, arg[i:])
+ stop = True
+
+ value = self._get_value_from_state(opt, option, state)
+
+ else:
+ value = None
+
+ option.process(value, state)
+
+ if stop:
+ break
+
+ # If we got any unknown options we re-combinate the string of the
+ # remaining options and re-attach the prefix, then report that
+ # to the state as new larg. This way there is basic combinatorics
+ # that can be achieved while still ignoring unknown arguments.
+ if self.ignore_unknown_options and unknown_options:
+ state.largs.append(f"{prefix}{''.join(unknown_options)}")
+
+ def _get_value_from_state(
+ self, option_name: str, option: Option, state: ParsingState
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ nargs = option.nargs
+
+ if len(state.rargs) < nargs:
+ if option.obj._flag_needs_value:
+ # Option allows omitting the value.
+ value = _flag_needs_value
+ else:
+ raise BadOptionUsage(
+ option_name,
+ ngettext(
+ "Option {name!r} requires an argument.",
+ "Option {name!r} requires {nargs} arguments.",
+ nargs,
+ ).format(name=option_name, nargs=nargs),
+ )
+ elif nargs == 1:
+ next_rarg = state.rargs[0]
+
+ if (
+ option.obj._flag_needs_value
+ and isinstance(next_rarg, str)
+ and next_rarg[:1] in self._opt_prefixes
+ and len(next_rarg) > 1
+ ):
+ # The next arg looks like the start of an option, don't
+ # use it as the value if omitting the value is allowed.
+ value = _flag_needs_value
+ else:
+ value = state.rargs.pop(0)
+ else:
+ value = tuple(state.rargs[:nargs])
+ del state.rargs[:nargs]
+
+ return value
+
+ def _process_opts(self, arg: str, state: ParsingState) -> None:
+ explicit_value = None
+ # Long option handling happens in two parts. The first part is
+ # supporting explicitly attached values. In any case, we will try
+ # to long match the option first.
+ if "=" in arg:
+ long_opt, explicit_value = arg.split("=", 1)
+ else:
+ long_opt = arg
+ norm_long_opt = normalize_opt(long_opt, self.ctx)
+
+ # At this point we will match the (assumed) long option through
+ # the long option matching code. Note that this allows options
+ # like "-foo" to be matched as long options.
+ try:
+ self._match_long_opt(norm_long_opt, explicit_value, state)
+ except NoSuchOption:
+ # At this point the long option matching failed, and we need
+ # to try with short options. However there is a special rule
+ # which says, that if we have a two character options prefix
+ # (applies to "--foo" for instance), we do not dispatch to the
+ # short option code and will instead raise the no option
+ # error.
+ if arg[:2] not in self._opt_prefixes:
+ self._match_short_opt(arg, state)
+ return
+
+ if not self.ignore_unknown_options:
+ raise
+
+ state.largs.append(arg)
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/py.typed b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/shell_completion.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/shell_completion.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..706fb6939
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/shell_completion.py
@@ -0,0 +1,574 @@
+import os
+import re
+import typing as t
+from gettext import gettext as _
+
+from .core import Argument
+from .core import BaseCommand
+from .core import Context
+from .core import MultiCommand
+from .core import Option
+from .core import Parameter
+from .core import ParameterSource
+from .parser import split_arg_string
+from .utils import echo
+
+
+def shell_complete(
+ cli: BaseCommand,
+ ctx_args: t.Dict[str, t.Any],
+ prog_name: str,
+ complete_var: str,
+ instruction: str,
+) -> int:
+ """Perform shell completion for the given CLI program.
+
+ :param cli: Command being called.
+ :param ctx_args: Extra arguments to pass to
+ ``cli.make_context``.
+ :param prog_name: Name of the executable in the shell.
+ :param complete_var: Name of the environment variable that holds
+ the completion instruction.
+ :param instruction: Value of ``complete_var`` with the completion
+ instruction and shell, in the form ``instruction_shell``.
+ :return: Status code to exit with.
+ """
+ shell, _, instruction = instruction.partition("_")
+ comp_cls = get_completion_class(shell)
+
+ if comp_cls is None:
+ return 1
+
+ comp = comp_cls(cli, ctx_args, prog_name, complete_var)
+
+ if instruction == "source":
+ echo(comp.source())
+ return 0
+
+ if instruction == "complete":
+ echo(comp.complete())
+ return 0
+
+ return 1
+
+
+class CompletionItem:
+ """Represents a completion value and metadata about the value. The
+ default metadata is ``type`` to indicate special shell handling,
+ and ``help`` if a shell supports showing a help string next to the
+ value.
+
+ Arbitrary parameters can be passed when creating the object, and
+ accessed using ``item.attr``. If an attribute wasn't passed,
+ accessing it returns ``None``.
+
+ :param value: The completion suggestion.
+ :param type: Tells the shell script to provide special completion
+ support for the type. Click uses ``"dir"`` and ``"file"``.
+ :param help: String shown next to the value if supported.
+ :param kwargs: Arbitrary metadata. The built-in implementations
+ don't use this, but custom type completions paired with custom
+ shell support could use it.
+ """
+
+ __slots__ = ("value", "type", "help", "_info")
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ value: t.Any,
+ type: str = "plain",
+ help: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ **kwargs: t.Any,
+ ) -> None:
+ self.value = value
+ self.type = type
+ self.help = help
+ self._info = kwargs
+
+ def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+ return self._info.get(name)
+
+
+# Only Bash >= 4.4 has the nosort option.
+_SOURCE_BASH = """\
+%(complete_func)s() {
+ local IFS=$'\\n'
+ local response
+
+ response=$(env COMP_WORDS="${COMP_WORDS[*]}" COMP_CWORD=$COMP_CWORD \
+%(complete_var)s=bash_complete $1)
+
+ for completion in $response; do
+ IFS=',' read type value <<< "$completion"
+
+ if [[ $type == 'dir' ]]; then
+ COMREPLY=()
+ compopt -o dirnames
+ elif [[ $type == 'file' ]]; then
+ COMREPLY=()
+ compopt -o default
+ elif [[ $type == 'plain' ]]; then
+ COMPREPLY+=($value)
+ fi
+ done
+
+ return 0
+}
+
+%(complete_func)s_setup() {
+ complete -o nosort -F %(complete_func)s %(prog_name)s
+}
+
+%(complete_func)s_setup;
+"""
+
+_SOURCE_ZSH = """\
+#compdef %(prog_name)s
+
+%(complete_func)s() {
+ local -a completions
+ local -a completions_with_descriptions
+ local -a response
+ (( ! $+commands[%(prog_name)s] )) && return 1
+
+ response=("${(@f)$(env COMP_WORDS="${words[*]}" COMP_CWORD=$((CURRENT-1)) \
+%(complete_var)s=zsh_complete %(prog_name)s)}")
+
+ for type key descr in ${response}; do
+ if [[ "$type" == "plain" ]]; then
+ if [[ "$descr" == "_" ]]; then
+ completions+=("$key")
+ else
+ completions_with_descriptions+=("$key":"$descr")
+ fi
+ elif [[ "$type" == "dir" ]]; then
+ _path_files -/
+ elif [[ "$type" == "file" ]]; then
+ _path_files -f
+ fi
+ done
+
+ if [ -n "$completions_with_descriptions" ]; then
+ _describe -V unsorted completions_with_descriptions -U
+ fi
+
+ if [ -n "$completions" ]; then
+ compadd -U -V unsorted -a completions
+ fi
+}
+
+compdef %(complete_func)s %(prog_name)s;
+"""
+
+_SOURCE_FISH = """\
+function %(complete_func)s;
+ set -l response;
+
+ for value in (env %(complete_var)s=fish_complete COMP_WORDS=(commandline -cp) \
+COMP_CWORD=(commandline -t) %(prog_name)s);
+ set response $response $value;
+ end;
+
+ for completion in $response;
+ set -l metadata (string split "," $completion);
+
+ if test $metadata[1] = "dir";
+ __fish_complete_directories $metadata[2];
+ else if test $metadata[1] = "file";
+ __fish_complete_path $metadata[2];
+ else if test $metadata[1] = "plain";
+ echo $metadata[2];
+ end;
+ end;
+end;
+
+complete --no-files --command %(prog_name)s --arguments \
+"(%(complete_func)s)";
+"""
+
+
+class ShellComplete:
+ """Base class for providing shell completion support. A subclass for
+ a given shell will override attributes and methods to implement the
+ completion instructions (``source`` and ``complete``).
+
+ :param cli: Command being called.
+ :param prog_name: Name of the executable in the shell.
+ :param complete_var: Name of the environment variable that holds
+ the completion instruction.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ """
+
+ name: t.ClassVar[str]
+ """Name to register the shell as with :func:`add_completion_class`.
+ This is used in completion instructions (``{name}_source`` and
+ ``{name}_complete``).
+ """
+
+ source_template: t.ClassVar[str]
+ """Completion script template formatted by :meth:`source`. This must
+ be provided by subclasses.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ cli: BaseCommand,
+ ctx_args: t.Dict[str, t.Any],
+ prog_name: str,
+ complete_var: str,
+ ) -> None:
+ self.cli = cli
+ self.ctx_args = ctx_args
+ self.prog_name = prog_name
+ self.complete_var = complete_var
+
+ @property
+ def func_name(self) -> str:
+ """The name of the shell function defined by the completion
+ script.
+ """
+ safe_name = re.sub(r"\W*", "", self.prog_name.replace("-", "_"), re.ASCII)
+ return f"_{safe_name}_completion"
+
+ def source_vars(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ """Vars for formatting :attr:`source_template`.
+
+ By default this provides ``complete_func``, ``complete_var``,
+ and ``prog_name``.
+ """
+ return {
+ "complete_func": self.func_name,
+ "complete_var": self.complete_var,
+ "prog_name": self.prog_name,
+ }
+
+ def source(self) -> str:
+ """Produce the shell script that defines the completion
+ function. By default this ``%``-style formats
+ :attr:`source_template` with the dict returned by
+ :meth:`source_vars`.
+ """
+ return self.source_template % self.source_vars()
+
+ def get_completion_args(self) -> t.Tuple[t.List[str], str]:
+ """Use the env vars defined by the shell script to return a
+ tuple of ``args, incomplete``. This must be implemented by
+ subclasses.
+ """
+ raise NotImplementedError
+
+ def get_completions(
+ self, args: t.List[str], incomplete: str
+ ) -> t.List[CompletionItem]:
+ """Determine the context and last complete command or parameter
+ from the complete args. Call that object's ``shell_complete``
+ method to get the completions for the incomplete value.
+
+ :param args: List of complete args before the incomplete value.
+ :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+ """
+ ctx = _resolve_context(self.cli, self.ctx_args, self.prog_name, args)
+ obj, incomplete = _resolve_incomplete(ctx, args, incomplete)
+ return obj.shell_complete(ctx, incomplete)
+
+ def format_completion(self, item: CompletionItem) -> str:
+ """Format a completion item into the form recognized by the
+ shell script. This must be implemented by subclasses.
+
+ :param item: Completion item to format.
+ """
+ raise NotImplementedError
+
+ def complete(self) -> str:
+ """Produce the completion data to send back to the shell.
+
+ By default this calls :meth:`get_completion_args`, gets the
+ completions, then calls :meth:`format_completion` for each
+ completion.
+ """
+ args, incomplete = self.get_completion_args()
+ completions = self.get_completions(args, incomplete)
+ out = [self.format_completion(item) for item in completions]
+ return "\n".join(out)
+
+
+class BashComplete(ShellComplete):
+ """Shell completion for Bash."""
+
+ name = "bash"
+ source_template = _SOURCE_BASH
+
+ def _check_version(self) -> None:
+ import subprocess
+
+ output = subprocess.run(["bash", "--version"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
+ match = re.search(r"version (\d)\.(\d)\.\d", output.stdout.decode())
+
+ if match is not None:
+ major, minor = match.groups()
+
+ if major < "4" or major == "4" and minor < "4":
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ _(
+ "Shell completion is not supported for Bash"
+ " versions older than 4.4."
+ )
+ )
+ else:
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ _("Couldn't detect Bash version, shell completion is not supported.")
+ )
+
+ def source(self) -> str:
+ self._check_version()
+ return super().source()
+
+ def get_completion_args(self) -> t.Tuple[t.List[str], str]:
+ cwords = split_arg_string(os.environ["COMP_WORDS"])
+ cword = int(os.environ["COMP_CWORD"])
+ args = cwords[1:cword]
+
+ try:
+ incomplete = cwords[cword]
+ except IndexError:
+ incomplete = ""
+
+ return args, incomplete
+
+ def format_completion(self, item: CompletionItem) -> str:
+ return f"{item.type},{item.value}"
+
+
+class ZshComplete(ShellComplete):
+ """Shell completion for Zsh."""
+
+ name = "zsh"
+ source_template = _SOURCE_ZSH
+
+ def get_completion_args(self) -> t.Tuple[t.List[str], str]:
+ cwords = split_arg_string(os.environ["COMP_WORDS"])
+ cword = int(os.environ["COMP_CWORD"])
+ args = cwords[1:cword]
+
+ try:
+ incomplete = cwords[cword]
+ except IndexError:
+ incomplete = ""
+
+ return args, incomplete
+
+ def format_completion(self, item: CompletionItem) -> str:
+ return f"{item.type}\n{item.value}\n{item.help if item.help else '_'}"
+
+
+class FishComplete(ShellComplete):
+ """Shell completion for Fish."""
+
+ name = "fish"
+ source_template = _SOURCE_FISH
+
+ def get_completion_args(self) -> t.Tuple[t.List[str], str]:
+ cwords = split_arg_string(os.environ["COMP_WORDS"])
+ incomplete = os.environ["COMP_CWORD"]
+ args = cwords[1:]
+
+ # Fish stores the partial word in both COMP_WORDS and
+ # COMP_CWORD, remove it from complete args.
+ if incomplete and args and args[-1] == incomplete:
+ args.pop()
+
+ return args, incomplete
+
+ def format_completion(self, item: CompletionItem) -> str:
+ if item.help:
+ return f"{item.type},{item.value}\t{item.help}"
+
+ return f"{item.type},{item.value}"
+
+
+_available_shells: t.Dict[str, t.Type[ShellComplete]] = {
+ "bash": BashComplete,
+ "fish": FishComplete,
+ "zsh": ZshComplete,
+}
+
+
+def add_completion_class(
+ cls: t.Type[ShellComplete], name: t.Optional[str] = None
+) -> None:
+ """Register a :class:`ShellComplete` subclass under the given name.
+ The name will be provided by the completion instruction environment
+ variable during completion.
+
+ :param cls: The completion class that will handle completion for the
+ shell.
+ :param name: Name to register the class under. Defaults to the
+ class's ``name`` attribute.
+ """
+ if name is None:
+ name = cls.name
+
+ _available_shells[name] = cls
+
+
+def get_completion_class(shell: str) -> t.Optional[t.Type[ShellComplete]]:
+ """Look up a registered :class:`ShellComplete` subclass by the name
+ provided by the completion instruction environment variable. If the
+ name isn't registered, returns ``None``.
+
+ :param shell: Name the class is registered under.
+ """
+ return _available_shells.get(shell)
+
+
+def _is_incomplete_argument(ctx: Context, param: Parameter) -> bool:
+ """Determine if the given parameter is an argument that can still
+ accept values.
+
+ :param ctx: Invocation context for the command represented by the
+ parsed complete args.
+ :param param: Argument object being checked.
+ """
+ if not isinstance(param, Argument):
+ return False
+
+ assert param.name is not None
+ value = ctx.params[param.name]
+ return (
+ param.nargs == -1
+ or ctx.get_parameter_source(param.name) is not ParameterSource.COMMANDLINE
+ or (
+ param.nargs > 1
+ and isinstance(value, (tuple, list))
+ and len(value) < param.nargs
+ )
+ )
+
+
+def _start_of_option(value: str) -> bool:
+ """Check if the value looks like the start of an option."""
+ return not value[0].isalnum() if value else False
+
+
+def _is_incomplete_option(args: t.List[str], param: Parameter) -> bool:
+ """Determine if the given parameter is an option that needs a value.
+
+ :param args: List of complete args before the incomplete value.
+ :param param: Option object being checked.
+ """
+ if not isinstance(param, Option):
+ return False
+
+ if param.is_flag:
+ return False
+
+ last_option = None
+
+ for index, arg in enumerate(reversed(args)):
+ if index + 1 > param.nargs:
+ break
+
+ if _start_of_option(arg):
+ last_option = arg
+
+ return last_option is not None and last_option in param.opts
+
+
+def _resolve_context(
+ cli: BaseCommand, ctx_args: t.Dict[str, t.Any], prog_name: str, args: t.List[str]
+) -> Context:
+ """Produce the context hierarchy starting with the command and
+ traversing the complete arguments. This only follows the commands,
+ it doesn't trigger input prompts or callbacks.
+
+ :param cli: Command being called.
+ :param prog_name: Name of the executable in the shell.
+ :param args: List of complete args before the incomplete value.
+ """
+ ctx_args["resilient_parsing"] = True
+ ctx = cli.make_context(prog_name, args.copy(), **ctx_args)
+ args = ctx.protected_args + ctx.args
+
+ while args:
+ command = ctx.command
+
+ if isinstance(command, MultiCommand):
+ if not command.chain:
+ name, cmd, args = command.resolve_command(ctx, args)
+
+ if cmd is None:
+ return ctx
+
+ ctx = cmd.make_context(name, args, parent=ctx, resilient_parsing=True)
+ args = ctx.protected_args + ctx.args
+ else:
+ while args:
+ name, cmd, args = command.resolve_command(ctx, args)
+
+ if cmd is None:
+ return ctx
+
+ sub_ctx = cmd.make_context(
+ name,
+ args,
+ parent=ctx,
+ allow_extra_args=True,
+ allow_interspersed_args=False,
+ resilient_parsing=True,
+ )
+ args = sub_ctx.args
+
+ ctx = sub_ctx
+ args = [*sub_ctx.protected_args, *sub_ctx.args]
+ else:
+ break
+
+ return ctx
+
+
+def _resolve_incomplete(
+ ctx: Context, args: t.List[str], incomplete: str
+) -> t.Tuple[t.Union[BaseCommand, Parameter], str]:
+ """Find the Click object that will handle the completion of the
+ incomplete value. Return the object and the incomplete value.
+
+ :param ctx: Invocation context for the command represented by
+ the parsed complete args.
+ :param args: List of complete args before the incomplete value.
+ :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+ """
+ # Different shells treat an "=" between a long option name and
+ # value differently. Might keep the value joined, return the "="
+ # as a separate item, or return the split name and value. Always
+ # split and discard the "=" to make completion easier.
+ if incomplete == "=":
+ incomplete = ""
+ elif "=" in incomplete and _start_of_option(incomplete):
+ name, _, incomplete = incomplete.partition("=")
+ args.append(name)
+
+ # The "--" marker tells Click to stop treating values as options
+ # even if they start with the option character. If it hasn't been
+ # given and the incomplete arg looks like an option, the current
+ # command will provide option name completions.
+ if "--" not in args and _start_of_option(incomplete):
+ return ctx.command, incomplete
+
+ params = ctx.command.get_params(ctx)
+
+ # If the last complete arg is an option name with an incomplete
+ # value, the option will provide value completions.
+ for param in params:
+ if _is_incomplete_option(args, param):
+ return param, incomplete
+
+ # It's not an option name or value. The first argument without a
+ # parsed value will provide value completions.
+ for param in params:
+ if _is_incomplete_argument(ctx, param):
+ return param, incomplete
+
+ # There were no unparsed arguments, the command may be a group that
+ # will provide command name completions.
+ return ctx.command, incomplete
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/termui.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/termui.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..034fe6ed9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/termui.py
@@ -0,0 +1,807 @@
+import inspect
+import io
+import itertools
+import os
+import sys
+import typing
+import typing as t
+from gettext import gettext as _
+
+from ._compat import isatty
+from ._compat import strip_ansi
+from ._compat import WIN
+from .exceptions import Abort
+from .exceptions import UsageError
+from .globals import resolve_color_default
+from .types import Choice
+from .types import convert_type
+from .types import ParamType
+from .utils import echo
+from .utils import LazyFile
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+ from ._termui_impl import ProgressBar
+
+V = t.TypeVar("V")
+
+# The prompt functions to use. The doc tools currently override these
+# functions to customize how they work.
+visible_prompt_func: t.Callable[[str], str] = input
+
+_ansi_colors = {
+ "black": 30,
+ "red": 31,
+ "green": 32,
+ "yellow": 33,
+ "blue": 34,
+ "magenta": 35,
+ "cyan": 36,
+ "white": 37,
+ "reset": 39,
+ "bright_black": 90,
+ "bright_red": 91,
+ "bright_green": 92,
+ "bright_yellow": 93,
+ "bright_blue": 94,
+ "bright_magenta": 95,
+ "bright_cyan": 96,
+ "bright_white": 97,
+}
+_ansi_reset_all = "\033[0m"
+
+
+def hidden_prompt_func(prompt: str) -> str:
+ import getpass
+
+ return getpass.getpass(prompt)
+
+
+def _build_prompt(
+ text: str,
+ suffix: str,
+ show_default: bool = False,
+ default: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+ show_choices: bool = True,
+ type: t.Optional[ParamType] = None,
+) -> str:
+ prompt = text
+ if type is not None and show_choices and isinstance(type, Choice):
+ prompt += f" ({', '.join(map(str, type.choices))})"
+ if default is not None and show_default:
+ prompt = f"{prompt} [{_format_default(default)}]"
+ return f"{prompt}{suffix}"
+
+
+def _format_default(default: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+ if isinstance(default, (io.IOBase, LazyFile)) and hasattr(default, "name"):
+ return default.name # type: ignore
+
+ return default
+
+
+def prompt(
+ text: str,
+ default: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+ hide_input: bool = False,
+ confirmation_prompt: t.Union[bool, str] = False,
+ type: t.Optional[ParamType] = None,
+ value_proc: t.Optional[t.Callable[[str], t.Any]] = None,
+ prompt_suffix: str = ": ",
+ show_default: bool = True,
+ err: bool = False,
+ show_choices: bool = True,
+) -> t.Any:
+ """Prompts a user for input. This is a convenience function that can
+ be used to prompt a user for input later.
+
+ If the user aborts the input by sending a interrupt signal, this
+ function will catch it and raise a :exc:`Abort` exception.
+
+ :param text: the text to show for the prompt.
+ :param default: the default value to use if no input happens. If this
+ is not given it will prompt until it's aborted.
+ :param hide_input: if this is set to true then the input value will
+ be hidden.
+ :param confirmation_prompt: Prompt a second time to confirm the
+ value. Can be set to a string instead of ``True`` to customize
+ the message.
+ :param type: the type to use to check the value against.
+ :param value_proc: if this parameter is provided it's a function that
+ is invoked instead of the type conversion to
+ convert a value.
+ :param prompt_suffix: a suffix that should be added to the prompt.
+ :param show_default: shows or hides the default value in the prompt.
+ :param err: if set to true the file defaults to ``stderr`` instead of
+ ``stdout``, the same as with echo.
+ :param show_choices: Show or hide choices if the passed type is a Choice.
+ For example if type is a Choice of either day or week,
+ show_choices is true and text is "Group by" then the
+ prompt will be "Group by (day, week): ".
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ ``confirmation_prompt`` can be a custom string.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 7.0
+ Added the ``show_choices`` parameter.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 6.0
+ Added unicode support for cmd.exe on Windows.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 4.0
+ Added the `err` parameter.
+
+ """
+
+ def prompt_func(text: str) -> str:
+ f = hidden_prompt_func if hide_input else visible_prompt_func
+ try:
+ # Write the prompt separately so that we get nice
+ # coloring through colorama on Windows
+ echo(text.rstrip(" "), nl=False, err=err)
+ # Echo a space to stdout to work around an issue where
+ # readline causes backspace to clear the whole line.
+ return f(" ")
+ except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
+ # getpass doesn't print a newline if the user aborts input with ^C.
+ # Allegedly this behavior is inherited from getpass(3).
+ # A doc bug has been filed at https://bugs.python.org/issue24711
+ if hide_input:
+ echo(None, err=err)
+ raise Abort()
+
+ if value_proc is None:
+ value_proc = convert_type(type, default)
+
+ prompt = _build_prompt(
+ text, prompt_suffix, show_default, default, show_choices, type
+ )
+
+ if confirmation_prompt:
+ if confirmation_prompt is True:
+ confirmation_prompt = _("Repeat for confirmation")
+
+ confirmation_prompt = t.cast(str, confirmation_prompt)
+ confirmation_prompt = _build_prompt(confirmation_prompt, prompt_suffix)
+
+ while True:
+ while True:
+ value = prompt_func(prompt)
+ if value:
+ break
+ elif default is not None:
+ value = default
+ break
+ try:
+ result = value_proc(value)
+ except UsageError as e:
+ if hide_input:
+ echo(_("Error: The value you entered was invalid."), err=err)
+ else:
+ echo(_("Error: {e.message}").format(e=e), err=err) # noqa: B306
+ continue
+ if not confirmation_prompt:
+ return result
+ while True:
+ confirmation_prompt = t.cast(str, confirmation_prompt)
+ value2 = prompt_func(confirmation_prompt)
+ if value2:
+ break
+ if value == value2:
+ return result
+ echo(_("Error: The two entered values do not match."), err=err)
+
+
+def confirm(
+ text: str,
+ default: t.Optional[bool] = False,
+ abort: bool = False,
+ prompt_suffix: str = ": ",
+ show_default: bool = True,
+ err: bool = False,
+) -> bool:
+ """Prompts for confirmation (yes/no question).
+
+ If the user aborts the input by sending a interrupt signal this
+ function will catch it and raise a :exc:`Abort` exception.
+
+ :param text: the question to ask.
+ :param default: The default value to use when no input is given. If
+ ``None``, repeat until input is given.
+ :param abort: if this is set to `True` a negative answer aborts the
+ exception by raising :exc:`Abort`.
+ :param prompt_suffix: a suffix that should be added to the prompt.
+ :param show_default: shows or hides the default value in the prompt.
+ :param err: if set to true the file defaults to ``stderr`` instead of
+ ``stdout``, the same as with echo.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Repeat until input is given if ``default`` is ``None``.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 4.0
+ Added the ``err`` parameter.
+ """
+ prompt = _build_prompt(
+ text,
+ prompt_suffix,
+ show_default,
+ "y/n" if default is None else ("Y/n" if default else "y/N"),
+ )
+
+ while True:
+ try:
+ # Write the prompt separately so that we get nice
+ # coloring through colorama on Windows
+ echo(prompt, nl=False, err=err)
+ value = visible_prompt_func("").lower().strip()
+ except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
+ raise Abort()
+ if value in ("y", "yes"):
+ rv = True
+ elif value in ("n", "no"):
+ rv = False
+ elif default is not None and value == "":
+ rv = default
+ else:
+ echo(_("Error: invalid input"), err=err)
+ continue
+ break
+ if abort and not rv:
+ raise Abort()
+ return rv
+
+
+def get_terminal_size() -> os.terminal_size:
+ """Returns the current size of the terminal as tuple in the form
+ ``(width, height)`` in columns and rows.
+
+ .. deprecated:: 8.0
+ Will be removed in Click 8.1. Use
+ :func:`shutil.get_terminal_size` instead.
+ """
+ import shutil
+ import warnings
+
+ warnings.warn(
+ "'click.get_terminal_size()' is deprecated and will be removed"
+ " in Click 8.1. Use 'shutil.get_terminal_size()' instead.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ stacklevel=2,
+ )
+ return shutil.get_terminal_size()
+
+
+def echo_via_pager(
+ text_or_generator: t.Union[t.Iterable[str], t.Callable[[], t.Iterable[str]], str],
+ color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+) -> None:
+ """This function takes a text and shows it via an environment specific
+ pager on stdout.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+ Added the `color` flag.
+
+ :param text_or_generator: the text to page, or alternatively, a
+ generator emitting the text to page.
+ :param color: controls if the pager supports ANSI colors or not. The
+ default is autodetection.
+ """
+ color = resolve_color_default(color)
+
+ if inspect.isgeneratorfunction(text_or_generator):
+ i = t.cast(t.Callable[[], t.Iterable[str]], text_or_generator)()
+ elif isinstance(text_or_generator, str):
+ i = [text_or_generator]
+ else:
+ i = iter(t.cast(t.Iterable[str], text_or_generator))
+
+ # convert every element of i to a text type if necessary
+ text_generator = (el if isinstance(el, str) else str(el) for el in i)
+
+ from ._termui_impl import pager
+
+ return pager(itertools.chain(text_generator, "\n"), color)
+
+
+def progressbar(
+ iterable: t.Optional[t.Iterable[V]] = None,
+ length: t.Optional[int] = None,
+ label: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ show_eta: bool = True,
+ show_percent: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ show_pos: bool = False,
+ item_show_func: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.Optional[V]], t.Optional[str]]] = None,
+ fill_char: str = "#",
+ empty_char: str = "-",
+ bar_template: str = "%(label)s [%(bar)s] %(info)s",
+ info_sep: str = " ",
+ width: int = 36,
+ file: t.Optional[t.TextIO] = None,
+ color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ update_min_steps: int = 1,
+) -> "ProgressBar[V]":
+ """This function creates an iterable context manager that can be used
+ to iterate over something while showing a progress bar. It will
+ either iterate over the `iterable` or `length` items (that are counted
+ up). While iteration happens, this function will print a rendered
+ progress bar to the given `file` (defaults to stdout) and will attempt
+ to calculate remaining time and more. By default, this progress bar
+ will not be rendered if the file is not a terminal.
+
+ The context manager creates the progress bar. When the context
+ manager is entered the progress bar is already created. With every
+ iteration over the progress bar, the iterable passed to the bar is
+ advanced and the bar is updated. When the context manager exits,
+ a newline is printed and the progress bar is finalized on screen.
+
+ Note: The progress bar is currently designed for use cases where the
+ total progress can be expected to take at least several seconds.
+ Because of this, the ProgressBar class object won't display
+ progress that is considered too fast, and progress where the time
+ between steps is less than a second.
+
+ No printing must happen or the progress bar will be unintentionally
+ destroyed.
+
+ Example usage::
+
+ with progressbar(items) as bar:
+ for item in bar:
+ do_something_with(item)
+
+ Alternatively, if no iterable is specified, one can manually update the
+ progress bar through the `update()` method instead of directly
+ iterating over the progress bar. The update method accepts the number
+ of steps to increment the bar with::
+
+ with progressbar(length=chunks.total_bytes) as bar:
+ for chunk in chunks:
+ process_chunk(chunk)
+ bar.update(chunks.bytes)
+
+ The ``update()`` method also takes an optional value specifying the
+ ``current_item`` at the new position. This is useful when used
+ together with ``item_show_func`` to customize the output for each
+ manual step::
+
+ with click.progressbar(
+ length=total_size,
+ label='Unzipping archive',
+ item_show_func=lambda a: a.filename
+ ) as bar:
+ for archive in zip_file:
+ archive.extract()
+ bar.update(archive.size, archive)
+
+ :param iterable: an iterable to iterate over. If not provided the length
+ is required.
+ :param length: the number of items to iterate over. By default the
+ progressbar will attempt to ask the iterator about its
+ length, which might or might not work. If an iterable is
+ also provided this parameter can be used to override the
+ length. If an iterable is not provided the progress bar
+ will iterate over a range of that length.
+ :param label: the label to show next to the progress bar.
+ :param show_eta: enables or disables the estimated time display. This is
+ automatically disabled if the length cannot be
+ determined.
+ :param show_percent: enables or disables the percentage display. The
+ default is `True` if the iterable has a length or
+ `False` if not.
+ :param show_pos: enables or disables the absolute position display. The
+ default is `False`.
+ :param item_show_func: A function called with the current item which
+ can return a string to show next to the progress bar. If the
+ function returns ``None`` nothing is shown. The current item can
+ be ``None``, such as when entering and exiting the bar.
+ :param fill_char: the character to use to show the filled part of the
+ progress bar.
+ :param empty_char: the character to use to show the non-filled part of
+ the progress bar.
+ :param bar_template: the format string to use as template for the bar.
+ The parameters in it are ``label`` for the label,
+ ``bar`` for the progress bar and ``info`` for the
+ info section.
+ :param info_sep: the separator between multiple info items (eta etc.)
+ :param width: the width of the progress bar in characters, 0 means full
+ terminal width
+ :param file: The file to write to. If this is not a terminal then
+ only the label is printed.
+ :param color: controls if the terminal supports ANSI colors or not. The
+ default is autodetection. This is only needed if ANSI
+ codes are included anywhere in the progress bar output
+ which is not the case by default.
+ :param update_min_steps: Render only when this many updates have
+ completed. This allows tuning for very fast iterators.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Output is shown even if execution time is less than 0.5 seconds.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ ``item_show_func`` shows the current item, not the previous one.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Labels are echoed if the output is not a TTY. Reverts a change
+ in 7.0 that removed all output.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ Added the ``update_min_steps`` parameter.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 4.0
+ Added the ``color`` parameter. Added the ``update`` method to
+ the object.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+ """
+ from ._termui_impl import ProgressBar
+
+ color = resolve_color_default(color)
+ return ProgressBar(
+ iterable=iterable,
+ length=length,
+ show_eta=show_eta,
+ show_percent=show_percent,
+ show_pos=show_pos,
+ item_show_func=item_show_func,
+ fill_char=fill_char,
+ empty_char=empty_char,
+ bar_template=bar_template,
+ info_sep=info_sep,
+ file=file,
+ label=label,
+ width=width,
+ color=color,
+ update_min_steps=update_min_steps,
+ )
+
+
+def clear() -> None:
+ """Clears the terminal screen. This will have the effect of clearing
+ the whole visible space of the terminal and moving the cursor to the
+ top left. This does not do anything if not connected to a terminal.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+ """
+ if not isatty(sys.stdout):
+ return
+ if WIN:
+ os.system("cls")
+ else:
+ sys.stdout.write("\033[2J\033[1;1H")
+
+
+def _interpret_color(
+ color: t.Union[int, t.Tuple[int, int, int], str], offset: int = 0
+) -> str:
+ if isinstance(color, int):
+ return f"{38 + offset};5;{color:d}"
+
+ if isinstance(color, (tuple, list)):
+ r, g, b = color
+ return f"{38 + offset};2;{r:d};{g:d};{b:d}"
+
+ return str(_ansi_colors[color] + offset)
+
+
+def style(
+ text: t.Any,
+ fg: t.Optional[t.Union[int, t.Tuple[int, int, int], str]] = None,
+ bg: t.Optional[t.Union[int, t.Tuple[int, int, int], str]] = None,
+ bold: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ dim: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ underline: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ overline: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ italic: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ blink: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ reverse: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ strikethrough: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ reset: bool = True,
+) -> str:
+ """Styles a text with ANSI styles and returns the new string. By
+ default the styling is self contained which means that at the end
+ of the string a reset code is issued. This can be prevented by
+ passing ``reset=False``.
+
+ Examples::
+
+ click.echo(click.style('Hello World!', fg='green'))
+ click.echo(click.style('ATTENTION!', blink=True))
+ click.echo(click.style('Some things', reverse=True, fg='cyan'))
+ click.echo(click.style('More colors', fg=(255, 12, 128), bg=117))
+
+ Supported color names:
+
+ * ``black`` (might be a gray)
+ * ``red``
+ * ``green``
+ * ``yellow`` (might be an orange)
+ * ``blue``
+ * ``magenta``
+ * ``cyan``
+ * ``white`` (might be light gray)
+ * ``bright_black``
+ * ``bright_red``
+ * ``bright_green``
+ * ``bright_yellow``
+ * ``bright_blue``
+ * ``bright_magenta``
+ * ``bright_cyan``
+ * ``bright_white``
+ * ``reset`` (reset the color code only)
+
+ If the terminal supports it, color may also be specified as:
+
+ - An integer in the interval [0, 255]. The terminal must support
+ 8-bit/256-color mode.
+ - An RGB tuple of three integers in [0, 255]. The terminal must
+ support 24-bit/true-color mode.
+
+ See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_color and
+ https://gist.github.com/XVilka/8346728 for more information.
+
+ :param text: the string to style with ansi codes.
+ :param fg: if provided this will become the foreground color.
+ :param bg: if provided this will become the background color.
+ :param bold: if provided this will enable or disable bold mode.
+ :param dim: if provided this will enable or disable dim mode. This is
+ badly supported.
+ :param underline: if provided this will enable or disable underline.
+ :param overline: if provided this will enable or disable overline.
+ :param italic: if provided this will enable or disable italic.
+ :param blink: if provided this will enable or disable blinking.
+ :param reverse: if provided this will enable or disable inverse
+ rendering (foreground becomes background and the
+ other way round).
+ :param strikethrough: if provided this will enable or disable
+ striking through text.
+ :param reset: by default a reset-all code is added at the end of the
+ string which means that styles do not carry over. This
+ can be disabled to compose styles.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ A non-string ``message`` is converted to a string.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Added support for 256 and RGB color codes.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Added the ``strikethrough``, ``italic``, and ``overline``
+ parameters.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 7.0
+ Added support for bright colors.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+ """
+ if not isinstance(text, str):
+ text = str(text)
+
+ bits = []
+
+ if fg:
+ try:
+ bits.append(f"\033[{_interpret_color(fg)}m")
+ except KeyError:
+ raise TypeError(f"Unknown color {fg!r}")
+
+ if bg:
+ try:
+ bits.append(f"\033[{_interpret_color(bg, 10)}m")
+ except KeyError:
+ raise TypeError(f"Unknown color {bg!r}")
+
+ if bold is not None:
+ bits.append(f"\033[{1 if bold else 22}m")
+ if dim is not None:
+ bits.append(f"\033[{2 if dim else 22}m")
+ if underline is not None:
+ bits.append(f"\033[{4 if underline else 24}m")
+ if overline is not None:
+ bits.append(f"\033[{53 if underline else 55}m")
+ if italic is not None:
+ bits.append(f"\033[{5 if underline else 23}m")
+ if blink is not None:
+ bits.append(f"\033[{5 if blink else 25}m")
+ if reverse is not None:
+ bits.append(f"\033[{7 if reverse else 27}m")
+ if strikethrough is not None:
+ bits.append(f"\033[{9 if strikethrough else 29}m")
+ bits.append(text)
+ if reset:
+ bits.append(_ansi_reset_all)
+ return "".join(bits)
+
+
+def unstyle(text: str) -> str:
+ """Removes ANSI styling information from a string. Usually it's not
+ necessary to use this function as Click's echo function will
+ automatically remove styling if necessary.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+ :param text: the text to remove style information from.
+ """
+ return strip_ansi(text)
+
+
+def secho(
+ message: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+ file: t.Optional[t.IO] = None,
+ nl: bool = True,
+ err: bool = False,
+ color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ **styles: t.Any,
+) -> None:
+ """This function combines :func:`echo` and :func:`style` into one
+ call. As such the following two calls are the same::
+
+ click.secho('Hello World!', fg='green')
+ click.echo(click.style('Hello World!', fg='green'))
+
+ All keyword arguments are forwarded to the underlying functions
+ depending on which one they go with.
+
+ Non-string types will be converted to :class:`str`. However,
+ :class:`bytes` are passed directly to :meth:`echo` without applying
+ style. If you want to style bytes that represent text, call
+ :meth:`bytes.decode` first.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ A non-string ``message`` is converted to a string. Bytes are
+ passed through without style applied.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+ """
+ if message is not None and not isinstance(message, (bytes, bytearray)):
+ message = style(message, **styles)
+
+ return echo(message, file=file, nl=nl, err=err, color=color)
+
+
+def edit(
+ text: t.Optional[t.AnyStr] = None,
+ editor: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ env: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+ require_save: bool = True,
+ extension: str = ".txt",
+ filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+) -> t.Optional[t.AnyStr]:
+ r"""Edits the given text in the defined editor. If an editor is given
+ (should be the full path to the executable but the regular operating
+ system search path is used for finding the executable) it overrides
+ the detected editor. Optionally, some environment variables can be
+ used. If the editor is closed without changes, `None` is returned. In
+ case a file is edited directly the return value is always `None` and
+ `require_save` and `extension` are ignored.
+
+ If the editor cannot be opened a :exc:`UsageError` is raised.
+
+ Note for Windows: to simplify cross-platform usage, the newlines are
+ automatically converted from POSIX to Windows and vice versa. As such,
+ the message here will have ``\n`` as newline markers.
+
+ :param text: the text to edit.
+ :param editor: optionally the editor to use. Defaults to automatic
+ detection.
+ :param env: environment variables to forward to the editor.
+ :param require_save: if this is true, then not saving in the editor
+ will make the return value become `None`.
+ :param extension: the extension to tell the editor about. This defaults
+ to `.txt` but changing this might change syntax
+ highlighting.
+ :param filename: if provided it will edit this file instead of the
+ provided text contents. It will not use a temporary
+ file as an indirection in that case.
+ """
+ from ._termui_impl import Editor
+
+ ed = Editor(editor=editor, env=env, require_save=require_save, extension=extension)
+
+ if filename is None:
+ return ed.edit(text)
+
+ ed.edit_file(filename)
+ return None
+
+
+def launch(url: str, wait: bool = False, locate: bool = False) -> int:
+ """This function launches the given URL (or filename) in the default
+ viewer application for this file type. If this is an executable, it
+ might launch the executable in a new session. The return value is
+ the exit code of the launched application. Usually, ``0`` indicates
+ success.
+
+ Examples::
+
+ click.launch('https://click.palletsprojects.com/')
+ click.launch('/my/downloaded/file', locate=True)
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+ :param url: URL or filename of the thing to launch.
+ :param wait: Wait for the program to exit before returning. This
+ only works if the launched program blocks. In particular,
+ ``xdg-open`` on Linux does not block.
+ :param locate: if this is set to `True` then instead of launching the
+ application associated with the URL it will attempt to
+ launch a file manager with the file located. This
+ might have weird effects if the URL does not point to
+ the filesystem.
+ """
+ from ._termui_impl import open_url
+
+ return open_url(url, wait=wait, locate=locate)
+
+
+# If this is provided, getchar() calls into this instead. This is used
+# for unittesting purposes.
+_getchar: t.Optional[t.Callable[[bool], str]] = None
+
+
+def getchar(echo: bool = False) -> str:
+ """Fetches a single character from the terminal and returns it. This
+ will always return a unicode character and under certain rare
+ circumstances this might return more than one character. The
+ situations which more than one character is returned is when for
+ whatever reason multiple characters end up in the terminal buffer or
+ standard input was not actually a terminal.
+
+ Note that this will always read from the terminal, even if something
+ is piped into the standard input.
+
+ Note for Windows: in rare cases when typing non-ASCII characters, this
+ function might wait for a second character and then return both at once.
+ This is because certain Unicode characters look like special-key markers.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+ :param echo: if set to `True`, the character read will also show up on
+ the terminal. The default is to not show it.
+ """
+ global _getchar
+
+ if _getchar is None:
+ from ._termui_impl import getchar as f
+
+ _getchar = f
+
+ return _getchar(echo)
+
+
+def raw_terminal() -> t.ContextManager[int]:
+ from ._termui_impl import raw_terminal as f
+
+ return f()
+
+
+def pause(info: t.Optional[str] = None, err: bool = False) -> None:
+ """This command stops execution and waits for the user to press any
+ key to continue. This is similar to the Windows batch "pause"
+ command. If the program is not run through a terminal, this command
+ will instead do nothing.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+ .. versionadded:: 4.0
+ Added the `err` parameter.
+
+ :param info: The message to print before pausing. Defaults to
+ ``"Press any key to continue..."``.
+ :param err: if set to message goes to ``stderr`` instead of
+ ``stdout``, the same as with echo.
+ """
+ if not isatty(sys.stdin) or not isatty(sys.stdout):
+ return
+
+ if info is None:
+ info = _("Press any key to continue...")
+
+ try:
+ if info:
+ echo(info, nl=False, err=err)
+ try:
+ getchar()
+ except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
+ pass
+ finally:
+ if info:
+ echo(err=err)
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/testing.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/testing.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d19b850fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/testing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,479 @@
+import contextlib
+import io
+import os
+import shlex
+import shutil
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import typing as t
+from types import TracebackType
+
+from . import formatting
+from . import termui
+from . import utils
+from ._compat import _find_binary_reader
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+ from .core import BaseCommand
+
+
+class EchoingStdin:
+ def __init__(self, input: t.BinaryIO, output: t.BinaryIO) -> None:
+ self._input = input
+ self._output = output
+ self._paused = False
+
+ def __getattr__(self, x: str) -> t.Any:
+ return getattr(self._input, x)
+
+ def _echo(self, rv: bytes) -> bytes:
+ if not self._paused:
+ self._output.write(rv)
+
+ return rv
+
+ def read(self, n: int = -1) -> bytes:
+ return self._echo(self._input.read(n))
+
+ def read1(self, n: int = -1) -> bytes:
+ return self._echo(self._input.read1(n)) # type: ignore
+
+ def readline(self, n: int = -1) -> bytes:
+ return self._echo(self._input.readline(n))
+
+ def readlines(self) -> t.List[bytes]:
+ return [self._echo(x) for x in self._input.readlines()]
+
+ def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[bytes]:
+ return iter(self._echo(x) for x in self._input)
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return repr(self._input)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def _pause_echo(stream: t.Optional[EchoingStdin]) -> t.Iterator[None]:
+ if stream is None:
+ yield
+ else:
+ stream._paused = True
+ yield
+ stream._paused = False
+
+
+class _NamedTextIOWrapper(io.TextIOWrapper):
+ def __init__(
+ self, buffer: t.BinaryIO, name: str, mode: str, **kwargs: t.Any
+ ) -> None:
+ super().__init__(buffer, **kwargs)
+ self._name = name
+ self._mode = mode
+
+ @property
+ def name(self) -> str:
+ return self._name
+
+ @property
+ def mode(self) -> str:
+ return self._mode
+
+
+def make_input_stream(
+ input: t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes, t.IO]], charset: str
+) -> t.BinaryIO:
+ # Is already an input stream.
+ if hasattr(input, "read"):
+ rv = _find_binary_reader(t.cast(t.IO, input))
+
+ if rv is not None:
+ return rv
+
+ raise TypeError("Could not find binary reader for input stream.")
+
+ if input is None:
+ input = b""
+ elif isinstance(input, str):
+ input = input.encode(charset)
+
+ return io.BytesIO(t.cast(bytes, input))
+
+
+class Result:
+ """Holds the captured result of an invoked CLI script."""
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ runner: "CliRunner",
+ stdout_bytes: bytes,
+ stderr_bytes: t.Optional[bytes],
+ return_value: t.Any,
+ exit_code: int,
+ exception: t.Optional[BaseException],
+ exc_info: t.Optional[
+ t.Tuple[t.Type[BaseException], BaseException, TracebackType]
+ ] = None,
+ ):
+ #: The runner that created the result
+ self.runner = runner
+ #: The standard output as bytes.
+ self.stdout_bytes = stdout_bytes
+ #: The standard error as bytes, or None if not available
+ self.stderr_bytes = stderr_bytes
+ #: The value returned from the invoked command.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ self.return_value = return_value
+ #: The exit code as integer.
+ self.exit_code = exit_code
+ #: The exception that happened if one did.
+ self.exception = exception
+ #: The traceback
+ self.exc_info = exc_info
+
+ @property
+ def output(self) -> str:
+ """The (standard) output as unicode string."""
+ return self.stdout
+
+ @property
+ def stdout(self) -> str:
+ """The standard output as unicode string."""
+ return self.stdout_bytes.decode(self.runner.charset, "replace").replace(
+ "\r\n", "\n"
+ )
+
+ @property
+ def stderr(self) -> str:
+ """The standard error as unicode string."""
+ if self.stderr_bytes is None:
+ raise ValueError("stderr not separately captured")
+ return self.stderr_bytes.decode(self.runner.charset, "replace").replace(
+ "\r\n", "\n"
+ )
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ exc_str = repr(self.exception) if self.exception else "okay"
+ return f"<{type(self).__name__} {exc_str}>"
+
+
+class CliRunner:
+ """The CLI runner provides functionality to invoke a Click command line
+ script for unittesting purposes in a isolated environment. This only
+ works in single-threaded systems without any concurrency as it changes the
+ global interpreter state.
+
+ :param charset: the character set for the input and output data.
+ :param env: a dictionary with environment variables for overriding.
+ :param echo_stdin: if this is set to `True`, then reading from stdin writes
+ to stdout. This is useful for showing examples in
+ some circumstances. Note that regular prompts
+ will automatically echo the input.
+ :param mix_stderr: if this is set to `False`, then stdout and stderr are
+ preserved as independent streams. This is useful for
+ Unix-philosophy apps that have predictable stdout and
+ noisy stderr, such that each may be measured
+ independently
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ charset: str = "utf-8",
+ env: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[str]]] = None,
+ echo_stdin: bool = False,
+ mix_stderr: bool = True,
+ ) -> None:
+ self.charset = charset
+ self.env = env or {}
+ self.echo_stdin = echo_stdin
+ self.mix_stderr = mix_stderr
+
+ def get_default_prog_name(self, cli: "BaseCommand") -> str:
+ """Given a command object it will return the default program name
+ for it. The default is the `name` attribute or ``"root"`` if not
+ set.
+ """
+ return cli.name or "root"
+
+ def make_env(
+ self, overrides: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[str]]] = None
+ ) -> t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[str]]:
+ """Returns the environment overrides for invoking a script."""
+ rv = dict(self.env)
+ if overrides:
+ rv.update(overrides)
+ return rv
+
+ @contextlib.contextmanager
+ def isolation(
+ self,
+ input: t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes, t.IO]] = None,
+ env: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[str]]] = None,
+ color: bool = False,
+ ) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[io.BytesIO, t.Optional[io.BytesIO]]]:
+ """A context manager that sets up the isolation for invoking of a
+ command line tool. This sets up stdin with the given input data
+ and `os.environ` with the overrides from the given dictionary.
+ This also rebinds some internals in Click to be mocked (like the
+ prompt functionality).
+
+ This is automatically done in the :meth:`invoke` method.
+
+ :param input: the input stream to put into sys.stdin.
+ :param env: the environment overrides as dictionary.
+ :param color: whether the output should contain color codes. The
+ application can still override this explicitly.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ ``stderr`` is opened with ``errors="backslashreplace"``
+ instead of the default ``"strict"``.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 4.0
+ Added the ``color`` parameter.
+ """
+ bytes_input = make_input_stream(input, self.charset)
+ echo_input = None
+
+ old_stdin = sys.stdin
+ old_stdout = sys.stdout
+ old_stderr = sys.stderr
+ old_forced_width = formatting.FORCED_WIDTH
+ formatting.FORCED_WIDTH = 80
+
+ env = self.make_env(env)
+
+ bytes_output = io.BytesIO()
+
+ if self.echo_stdin:
+ bytes_input = echo_input = t.cast(
+ t.BinaryIO, EchoingStdin(bytes_input, bytes_output)
+ )
+
+ sys.stdin = text_input = _NamedTextIOWrapper(
+ bytes_input, encoding=self.charset, name="", mode="r"
+ )
+
+ if self.echo_stdin:
+ # Force unbuffered reads, otherwise TextIOWrapper reads a
+ # large chunk which is echoed early.
+ text_input._CHUNK_SIZE = 1 # type: ignore
+
+ sys.stdout = _NamedTextIOWrapper(
+ bytes_output, encoding=self.charset, name="", mode="w"
+ )
+
+ bytes_error = None
+ if self.mix_stderr:
+ sys.stderr = sys.stdout
+ else:
+ bytes_error = io.BytesIO()
+ sys.stderr = _NamedTextIOWrapper(
+ bytes_error,
+ encoding=self.charset,
+ name="",
+ mode="w",
+ errors="backslashreplace",
+ )
+
+ @_pause_echo(echo_input) # type: ignore
+ def visible_input(prompt: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
+ sys.stdout.write(prompt or "")
+ val = text_input.readline().rstrip("\r\n")
+ sys.stdout.write(f"{val}\n")
+ sys.stdout.flush()
+ return val
+
+ @_pause_echo(echo_input) # type: ignore
+ def hidden_input(prompt: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
+ sys.stdout.write(f"{prompt or ''}\n")
+ sys.stdout.flush()
+ return text_input.readline().rstrip("\r\n")
+
+ @_pause_echo(echo_input) # type: ignore
+ def _getchar(echo: bool) -> str:
+ char = sys.stdin.read(1)
+
+ if echo:
+ sys.stdout.write(char)
+
+ sys.stdout.flush()
+ return char
+
+ default_color = color
+
+ def should_strip_ansi(
+ stream: t.Optional[t.IO] = None, color: t.Optional[bool] = None
+ ) -> bool:
+ if color is None:
+ return not default_color
+ return not color
+
+ old_visible_prompt_func = termui.visible_prompt_func
+ old_hidden_prompt_func = termui.hidden_prompt_func
+ old__getchar_func = termui._getchar
+ old_should_strip_ansi = utils.should_strip_ansi # type: ignore
+ termui.visible_prompt_func = visible_input
+ termui.hidden_prompt_func = hidden_input
+ termui._getchar = _getchar
+ utils.should_strip_ansi = should_strip_ansi # type: ignore
+
+ old_env = {}
+ try:
+ for key, value in env.items():
+ old_env[key] = os.environ.get(key)
+ if value is None:
+ try:
+ del os.environ[key]
+ except Exception:
+ pass
+ else:
+ os.environ[key] = value
+ yield (bytes_output, bytes_error)
+ finally:
+ for key, value in old_env.items():
+ if value is None:
+ try:
+ del os.environ[key]
+ except Exception:
+ pass
+ else:
+ os.environ[key] = value
+ sys.stdout = old_stdout
+ sys.stderr = old_stderr
+ sys.stdin = old_stdin
+ termui.visible_prompt_func = old_visible_prompt_func
+ termui.hidden_prompt_func = old_hidden_prompt_func
+ termui._getchar = old__getchar_func
+ utils.should_strip_ansi = old_should_strip_ansi # type: ignore
+ formatting.FORCED_WIDTH = old_forced_width
+
+ def invoke(
+ self,
+ cli: "BaseCommand",
+ args: t.Optional[t.Union[str, t.Sequence[str]]] = None,
+ input: t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes, t.IO]] = None,
+ env: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[str]]] = None,
+ catch_exceptions: bool = True,
+ color: bool = False,
+ **extra: t.Any,
+ ) -> Result:
+ """Invokes a command in an isolated environment. The arguments are
+ forwarded directly to the command line script, the `extra` keyword
+ arguments are passed to the :meth:`~clickpkg.Command.main` function of
+ the command.
+
+ This returns a :class:`Result` object.
+
+ :param cli: the command to invoke
+ :param args: the arguments to invoke. It may be given as an iterable
+ or a string. When given as string it will be interpreted
+ as a Unix shell command. More details at
+ :func:`shlex.split`.
+ :param input: the input data for `sys.stdin`.
+ :param env: the environment overrides.
+ :param catch_exceptions: Whether to catch any other exceptions than
+ ``SystemExit``.
+ :param extra: the keyword arguments to pass to :meth:`main`.
+ :param color: whether the output should contain color codes. The
+ application can still override this explicitly.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ The result object has the ``return_value`` attribute with
+ the value returned from the invoked command.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 4.0
+ Added the ``color`` parameter.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+ Added the ``catch_exceptions`` parameter.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+ The result object has the ``exc_info`` attribute with the
+ traceback if available.
+ """
+ exc_info = None
+ with self.isolation(input=input, env=env, color=color) as outstreams:
+ return_value = None
+ exception: t.Optional[BaseException] = None
+ exit_code = 0
+
+ if isinstance(args, str):
+ args = shlex.split(args)
+
+ try:
+ prog_name = extra.pop("prog_name")
+ except KeyError:
+ prog_name = self.get_default_prog_name(cli)
+
+ try:
+ return_value = cli.main(args=args or (), prog_name=prog_name, **extra)
+ except SystemExit as e:
+ exc_info = sys.exc_info()
+ e_code = t.cast(t.Optional[t.Union[int, t.Any]], e.code)
+
+ if e_code is None:
+ e_code = 0
+
+ if e_code != 0:
+ exception = e
+
+ if not isinstance(e_code, int):
+ sys.stdout.write(str(e_code))
+ sys.stdout.write("\n")
+ e_code = 1
+
+ exit_code = e_code
+
+ except Exception as e:
+ if not catch_exceptions:
+ raise
+ exception = e
+ exit_code = 1
+ exc_info = sys.exc_info()
+ finally:
+ sys.stdout.flush()
+ stdout = outstreams[0].getvalue()
+ if self.mix_stderr:
+ stderr = None
+ else:
+ stderr = outstreams[1].getvalue() # type: ignore
+
+ return Result(
+ runner=self,
+ stdout_bytes=stdout,
+ stderr_bytes=stderr,
+ return_value=return_value,
+ exit_code=exit_code,
+ exception=exception,
+ exc_info=exc_info, # type: ignore
+ )
+
+ @contextlib.contextmanager
+ def isolated_filesystem(
+ self, temp_dir: t.Optional[t.Union[str, os.PathLike]] = None
+ ) -> t.Iterator[str]:
+ """A context manager that creates a temporary directory and
+ changes the current working directory to it. This isolates tests
+ that affect the contents of the CWD to prevent them from
+ interfering with each other.
+
+ :param temp_dir: Create the temporary directory under this
+ directory. If given, the created directory is not removed
+ when exiting.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Added the ``temp_dir`` parameter.
+ """
+ cwd = os.getcwd()
+ t = tempfile.mkdtemp(dir=temp_dir)
+ os.chdir(t)
+
+ try:
+ yield t
+ finally:
+ os.chdir(cwd)
+
+ if temp_dir is None:
+ try:
+ shutil.rmtree(t)
+ except OSError: # noqa: B014
+ pass
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/types.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/types.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..21f0e4f77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/types.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1052 @@
+import os
+import stat
+import typing as t
+from datetime import datetime
+from gettext import gettext as _
+from gettext import ngettext
+
+from ._compat import _get_argv_encoding
+from ._compat import get_filesystem_encoding
+from ._compat import open_stream
+from .exceptions import BadParameter
+from .utils import LazyFile
+from .utils import safecall
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+ import typing_extensions as te
+ from .core import Context
+ from .core import Parameter
+ from .shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+
+class ParamType:
+ """Represents the type of a parameter. Validates and converts values
+ from the command line or Python into the correct type.
+
+ To implement a custom type, subclass and implement at least the
+ following:
+
+ - The :attr:`name` class attribute must be set.
+ - Calling an instance of the type with ``None`` must return
+ ``None``. This is already implemented by default.
+ - :meth:`convert` must convert string values to the correct type.
+ - :meth:`convert` must accept values that are already the correct
+ type.
+ - It must be able to convert a value if the ``ctx`` and ``param``
+ arguments are ``None``. This can occur when converting prompt
+ input.
+ """
+
+ is_composite: t.ClassVar[bool] = False
+ arity: t.ClassVar[int] = 1
+
+ #: the descriptive name of this type
+ name: str
+
+ #: if a list of this type is expected and the value is pulled from a
+ #: string environment variable, this is what splits it up. `None`
+ #: means any whitespace. For all parameters the general rule is that
+ #: whitespace splits them up. The exception are paths and files which
+ #: are split by ``os.path.pathsep`` by default (":" on Unix and ";" on
+ #: Windows).
+ envvar_list_splitter: t.ClassVar[t.Optional[str]] = None
+
+ def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ """Gather information that could be useful for a tool generating
+ user-facing documentation.
+
+ Use :meth:`click.Context.to_info_dict` to traverse the entire
+ CLI structure.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ """
+ # The class name without the "ParamType" suffix.
+ param_type = type(self).__name__.partition("ParamType")[0]
+ param_type = param_type.partition("ParameterType")[0]
+ return {"param_type": param_type, "name": self.name}
+
+ def __call__(
+ self,
+ value: t.Any,
+ param: t.Optional["Parameter"] = None,
+ ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None,
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ if value is not None:
+ return self.convert(value, param, ctx)
+
+ def get_metavar(self, param: "Parameter") -> t.Optional[str]:
+ """Returns the metavar default for this param if it provides one."""
+
+ def get_missing_message(self, param: "Parameter") -> t.Optional[str]:
+ """Optionally might return extra information about a missing
+ parameter.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+ """
+
+ def convert(
+ self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ """Convert the value to the correct type. This is not called if
+ the value is ``None`` (the missing value).
+
+ This must accept string values from the command line, as well as
+ values that are already the correct type. It may also convert
+ other compatible types.
+
+ The ``param`` and ``ctx`` arguments may be ``None`` in certain
+ situations, such as when converting prompt input.
+
+ If the value cannot be converted, call :meth:`fail` with a
+ descriptive message.
+
+ :param value: The value to convert.
+ :param param: The parameter that is using this type to convert
+ its value. May be ``None``.
+ :param ctx: The current context that arrived at this value. May
+ be ``None``.
+ """
+ return value
+
+ def split_envvar_value(self, rv: str) -> t.Sequence[str]:
+ """Given a value from an environment variable this splits it up
+ into small chunks depending on the defined envvar list splitter.
+
+ If the splitter is set to `None`, which means that whitespace splits,
+ then leading and trailing whitespace is ignored. Otherwise, leading
+ and trailing splitters usually lead to empty items being included.
+ """
+ return (rv or "").split(self.envvar_list_splitter)
+
+ def fail(
+ self,
+ message: str,
+ param: t.Optional["Parameter"] = None,
+ ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None,
+ ) -> "t.NoReturn":
+ """Helper method to fail with an invalid value message."""
+ raise BadParameter(message, ctx=ctx, param=param)
+
+ def shell_complete(
+ self, ctx: "Context", param: "Parameter", incomplete: str
+ ) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+ """Return a list of
+ :class:`~click.shell_completion.CompletionItem` objects for the
+ incomplete value. Most types do not provide completions, but
+ some do, and this allows custom types to provide custom
+ completions as well.
+
+ :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+ :param param: The parameter that is requesting completion.
+ :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ """
+ return []
+
+
+class CompositeParamType(ParamType):
+ is_composite = True
+
+ @property
+ def arity(self) -> int: # type: ignore
+ raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class FuncParamType(ParamType):
+ def __init__(self, func: t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any]) -> None:
+ self.name = func.__name__
+ self.func = func
+
+ def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+ info_dict["func"] = self.func
+ return info_dict
+
+ def convert(
+ self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ try:
+ return self.func(value)
+ except ValueError:
+ try:
+ value = str(value)
+ except UnicodeError:
+ value = value.decode("utf-8", "replace")
+
+ self.fail(value, param, ctx)
+
+
+class UnprocessedParamType(ParamType):
+ name = "text"
+
+ def convert(
+ self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ return value
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return "UNPROCESSED"
+
+
+class StringParamType(ParamType):
+ name = "text"
+
+ def convert(
+ self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ if isinstance(value, bytes):
+ enc = _get_argv_encoding()
+ try:
+ value = value.decode(enc)
+ except UnicodeError:
+ fs_enc = get_filesystem_encoding()
+ if fs_enc != enc:
+ try:
+ value = value.decode(fs_enc)
+ except UnicodeError:
+ value = value.decode("utf-8", "replace")
+ else:
+ value = value.decode("utf-8", "replace")
+ return value
+ return str(value)
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return "STRING"
+
+
+class Choice(ParamType):
+ """The choice type allows a value to be checked against a fixed set
+ of supported values. All of these values have to be strings.
+
+ You should only pass a list or tuple of choices. Other iterables
+ (like generators) may lead to surprising results.
+
+ The resulting value will always be one of the originally passed choices
+ regardless of ``case_sensitive`` or any ``ctx.token_normalize_func``
+ being specified.
+
+ See :ref:`choice-opts` for an example.
+
+ :param case_sensitive: Set to false to make choices case
+ insensitive. Defaults to true.
+ """
+
+ name = "choice"
+
+ def __init__(self, choices: t.Sequence[str], case_sensitive: bool = True) -> None:
+ self.choices = choices
+ self.case_sensitive = case_sensitive
+
+ def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+ info_dict["choices"] = self.choices
+ info_dict["case_sensitive"] = self.case_sensitive
+ return info_dict
+
+ def get_metavar(self, param: "Parameter") -> str:
+ choices_str = "|".join(self.choices)
+
+ # Use curly braces to indicate a required argument.
+ if param.required and param.param_type_name == "argument":
+ return f"{{{choices_str}}}"
+
+ # Use square braces to indicate an option or optional argument.
+ return f"[{choices_str}]"
+
+ def get_missing_message(self, param: "Parameter") -> str:
+ return _("Choose from:\n\t{choices}").format(choices=",\n\t".join(self.choices))
+
+ def convert(
+ self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ # Match through normalization and case sensitivity
+ # first do token_normalize_func, then lowercase
+ # preserve original `value` to produce an accurate message in
+ # `self.fail`
+ normed_value = value
+ normed_choices = {choice: choice for choice in self.choices}
+
+ if ctx is not None and ctx.token_normalize_func is not None:
+ normed_value = ctx.token_normalize_func(value)
+ normed_choices = {
+ ctx.token_normalize_func(normed_choice): original
+ for normed_choice, original in normed_choices.items()
+ }
+
+ if not self.case_sensitive:
+ normed_value = normed_value.casefold()
+ normed_choices = {
+ normed_choice.casefold(): original
+ for normed_choice, original in normed_choices.items()
+ }
+
+ if normed_value in normed_choices:
+ return normed_choices[normed_value]
+
+ choices_str = ", ".join(map(repr, self.choices))
+ self.fail(
+ ngettext(
+ "{value!r} is not {choice}.",
+ "{value!r} is not one of {choices}.",
+ len(self.choices),
+ ).format(value=value, choice=choices_str, choices=choices_str),
+ param,
+ ctx,
+ )
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return f"Choice({list(self.choices)})"
+
+ def shell_complete(
+ self, ctx: "Context", param: "Parameter", incomplete: str
+ ) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+ """Complete choices that start with the incomplete value.
+
+ :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+ :param param: The parameter that is requesting completion.
+ :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ """
+ from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+ str_choices = map(str, self.choices)
+
+ if self.case_sensitive:
+ matched = (c for c in str_choices if c.startswith(incomplete))
+ else:
+ incomplete = incomplete.lower()
+ matched = (c for c in str_choices if c.lower().startswith(incomplete))
+
+ return [CompletionItem(c) for c in matched]
+
+
+class DateTime(ParamType):
+ """The DateTime type converts date strings into `datetime` objects.
+
+ The format strings which are checked are configurable, but default to some
+ common (non-timezone aware) ISO 8601 formats.
+
+ When specifying *DateTime* formats, you should only pass a list or a tuple.
+ Other iterables, like generators, may lead to surprising results.
+
+ The format strings are processed using ``datetime.strptime``, and this
+ consequently defines the format strings which are allowed.
+
+ Parsing is tried using each format, in order, and the first format which
+ parses successfully is used.
+
+ :param formats: A list or tuple of date format strings, in the order in
+ which they should be tried. Defaults to
+ ``'%Y-%m-%d'``, ``'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S'``,
+ ``'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'``.
+ """
+
+ name = "datetime"
+
+ def __init__(self, formats: t.Optional[t.Sequence[str]] = None):
+ self.formats = formats or ["%Y-%m-%d", "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"]
+
+ def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+ info_dict["formats"] = self.formats
+ return info_dict
+
+ def get_metavar(self, param: "Parameter") -> str:
+ return f"[{'|'.join(self.formats)}]"
+
+ def _try_to_convert_date(self, value: t.Any, format: str) -> t.Optional[datetime]:
+ try:
+ return datetime.strptime(value, format)
+ except ValueError:
+ return None
+
+ def convert(
+ self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ if isinstance(value, datetime):
+ return value
+
+ for format in self.formats:
+ converted = self._try_to_convert_date(value, format)
+
+ if converted is not None:
+ return converted
+
+ formats_str = ", ".join(map(repr, self.formats))
+ self.fail(
+ ngettext(
+ "{value!r} does not match the format {format}.",
+ "{value!r} does not match the formats {formats}.",
+ len(self.formats),
+ ).format(value=value, format=formats_str, formats=formats_str),
+ param,
+ ctx,
+ )
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return "DateTime"
+
+
+class _NumberParamTypeBase(ParamType):
+ _number_class: t.ClassVar[t.Type]
+
+ def convert(
+ self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ try:
+ return self._number_class(value)
+ except ValueError:
+ self.fail(
+ _("{value!r} is not a valid {number_type}.").format(
+ value=value, number_type=self.name
+ ),
+ param,
+ ctx,
+ )
+
+
+class _NumberRangeBase(_NumberParamTypeBase):
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ min: t.Optional[float] = None,
+ max: t.Optional[float] = None,
+ min_open: bool = False,
+ max_open: bool = False,
+ clamp: bool = False,
+ ) -> None:
+ self.min = min
+ self.max = max
+ self.min_open = min_open
+ self.max_open = max_open
+ self.clamp = clamp
+
+ def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+ info_dict.update(
+ min=self.min,
+ max=self.max,
+ min_open=self.min_open,
+ max_open=self.max_open,
+ clamp=self.clamp,
+ )
+ return info_dict
+
+ def convert(
+ self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ import operator
+
+ rv = super().convert(value, param, ctx)
+ lt_min: bool = self.min is not None and (
+ operator.le if self.min_open else operator.lt
+ )(rv, self.min)
+ gt_max: bool = self.max is not None and (
+ operator.ge if self.max_open else operator.gt
+ )(rv, self.max)
+
+ if self.clamp:
+ if lt_min:
+ return self._clamp(self.min, 1, self.min_open) # type: ignore
+
+ if gt_max:
+ return self._clamp(self.max, -1, self.max_open) # type: ignore
+
+ if lt_min or gt_max:
+ self.fail(
+ _("{value} is not in the range {range}.").format(
+ value=rv, range=self._describe_range()
+ ),
+ param,
+ ctx,
+ )
+
+ return rv
+
+ def _clamp(self, bound: float, dir: "te.Literal[1, -1]", open: bool) -> float:
+ """Find the valid value to clamp to bound in the given
+ direction.
+
+ :param bound: The boundary value.
+ :param dir: 1 or -1 indicating the direction to move.
+ :param open: If true, the range does not include the bound.
+ """
+ raise NotImplementedError
+
+ def _describe_range(self) -> str:
+ """Describe the range for use in help text."""
+ if self.min is None:
+ op = "<" if self.max_open else "<="
+ return f"x{op}{self.max}"
+
+ if self.max is None:
+ op = ">" if self.min_open else ">="
+ return f"x{op}{self.min}"
+
+ lop = "<" if self.min_open else "<="
+ rop = "<" if self.max_open else "<="
+ return f"{self.min}{lop}x{rop}{self.max}"
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ clamp = " clamped" if self.clamp else ""
+ return f"<{type(self).__name__} {self._describe_range()}{clamp}>"
+
+
+class IntParamType(_NumberParamTypeBase):
+ name = "integer"
+ _number_class = int
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return "INT"
+
+
+class IntRange(_NumberRangeBase, IntParamType):
+ """Restrict an :data:`click.INT` value to a range of accepted
+ values. See :ref:`ranges`.
+
+ If ``min`` or ``max`` are not passed, any value is accepted in that
+ direction. If ``min_open`` or ``max_open`` are enabled, the
+ corresponding boundary is not included in the range.
+
+ If ``clamp`` is enabled, a value outside the range is clamped to the
+ boundary instead of failing.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Added the ``min_open`` and ``max_open`` parameters.
+ """
+
+ name = "integer range"
+
+ def _clamp( # type: ignore
+ self, bound: int, dir: "te.Literal[1, -1]", open: bool
+ ) -> int:
+ if not open:
+ return bound
+
+ return bound + dir
+
+
+class FloatParamType(_NumberParamTypeBase):
+ name = "float"
+ _number_class = float
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return "FLOAT"
+
+
+class FloatRange(_NumberRangeBase, FloatParamType):
+ """Restrict a :data:`click.FLOAT` value to a range of accepted
+ values. See :ref:`ranges`.
+
+ If ``min`` or ``max`` are not passed, any value is accepted in that
+ direction. If ``min_open`` or ``max_open`` are enabled, the
+ corresponding boundary is not included in the range.
+
+ If ``clamp`` is enabled, a value outside the range is clamped to the
+ boundary instead of failing. This is not supported if either
+ boundary is marked ``open``.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Added the ``min_open`` and ``max_open`` parameters.
+ """
+
+ name = "float range"
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ min: t.Optional[float] = None,
+ max: t.Optional[float] = None,
+ min_open: bool = False,
+ max_open: bool = False,
+ clamp: bool = False,
+ ) -> None:
+ super().__init__(
+ min=min, max=max, min_open=min_open, max_open=max_open, clamp=clamp
+ )
+
+ if (min_open or max_open) and clamp:
+ raise TypeError("Clamping is not supported for open bounds.")
+
+ def _clamp(self, bound: float, dir: "te.Literal[1, -1]", open: bool) -> float:
+ if not open:
+ return bound
+
+ # Could use Python 3.9's math.nextafter here, but clamping an
+ # open float range doesn't seem to be particularly useful. It's
+ # left up to the user to write a callback to do it if needed.
+ raise RuntimeError("Clamping is not supported for open bounds.")
+
+
+class BoolParamType(ParamType):
+ name = "boolean"
+
+ def convert(
+ self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ if value in {False, True}:
+ return bool(value)
+
+ norm = value.strip().lower()
+
+ if norm in {"1", "true", "t", "yes", "y", "on"}:
+ return True
+
+ if norm in {"0", "false", "f", "no", "n", "off"}:
+ return False
+
+ self.fail(
+ _("{value!r} is not a valid boolean.").format(value=value), param, ctx
+ )
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return "BOOL"
+
+
+class UUIDParameterType(ParamType):
+ name = "uuid"
+
+ def convert(
+ self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ import uuid
+
+ if isinstance(value, uuid.UUID):
+ return value
+
+ value = value.strip()
+
+ try:
+ return uuid.UUID(value)
+ except ValueError:
+ self.fail(
+ _("{value!r} is not a valid UUID.").format(value=value), param, ctx
+ )
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return "UUID"
+
+
+class File(ParamType):
+ """Declares a parameter to be a file for reading or writing. The file
+ is automatically closed once the context tears down (after the command
+ finished working).
+
+ Files can be opened for reading or writing. The special value ``-``
+ indicates stdin or stdout depending on the mode.
+
+ By default, the file is opened for reading text data, but it can also be
+ opened in binary mode or for writing. The encoding parameter can be used
+ to force a specific encoding.
+
+ The `lazy` flag controls if the file should be opened immediately or upon
+ first IO. The default is to be non-lazy for standard input and output
+ streams as well as files opened for reading, `lazy` otherwise. When opening a
+ file lazily for reading, it is still opened temporarily for validation, but
+ will not be held open until first IO. lazy is mainly useful when opening
+ for writing to avoid creating the file until it is needed.
+
+ Starting with Click 2.0, files can also be opened atomically in which
+ case all writes go into a separate file in the same folder and upon
+ completion the file will be moved over to the original location. This
+ is useful if a file regularly read by other users is modified.
+
+ See :ref:`file-args` for more information.
+ """
+
+ name = "filename"
+ envvar_list_splitter = os.path.pathsep
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ mode: str = "r",
+ encoding: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ errors: t.Optional[str] = "strict",
+ lazy: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ atomic: bool = False,
+ ) -> None:
+ self.mode = mode
+ self.encoding = encoding
+ self.errors = errors
+ self.lazy = lazy
+ self.atomic = atomic
+
+ def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+ info_dict.update(mode=self.mode, encoding=self.encoding)
+ return info_dict
+
+ def resolve_lazy_flag(self, value: t.Any) -> bool:
+ if self.lazy is not None:
+ return self.lazy
+ if value == "-":
+ return False
+ elif "w" in self.mode:
+ return True
+ return False
+
+ def convert(
+ self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ try:
+ if hasattr(value, "read") or hasattr(value, "write"):
+ return value
+
+ lazy = self.resolve_lazy_flag(value)
+
+ if lazy:
+ f: t.IO = t.cast(
+ t.IO,
+ LazyFile(
+ value, self.mode, self.encoding, self.errors, atomic=self.atomic
+ ),
+ )
+
+ if ctx is not None:
+ ctx.call_on_close(f.close_intelligently) # type: ignore
+
+ return f
+
+ f, should_close = open_stream(
+ value, self.mode, self.encoding, self.errors, atomic=self.atomic
+ )
+
+ # If a context is provided, we automatically close the file
+ # at the end of the context execution (or flush out). If a
+ # context does not exist, it's the caller's responsibility to
+ # properly close the file. This for instance happens when the
+ # type is used with prompts.
+ if ctx is not None:
+ if should_close:
+ ctx.call_on_close(safecall(f.close))
+ else:
+ ctx.call_on_close(safecall(f.flush))
+
+ return f
+ except OSError as e: # noqa: B014
+ self.fail(f"{os.fsdecode(value)!r}: {e.strerror}", param, ctx)
+
+ def shell_complete(
+ self, ctx: "Context", param: "Parameter", incomplete: str
+ ) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+ """Return a special completion marker that tells the completion
+ system to use the shell to provide file path completions.
+
+ :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+ :param param: The parameter that is requesting completion.
+ :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ """
+ from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+ return [CompletionItem(incomplete, type="file")]
+
+
+class Path(ParamType):
+ """The path type is similar to the :class:`File` type but it performs
+ different checks. First of all, instead of returning an open file
+ handle it returns just the filename. Secondly, it can perform various
+ basic checks about what the file or directory should be.
+
+ :param exists: if set to true, the file or directory needs to exist for
+ this value to be valid. If this is not required and a
+ file does indeed not exist, then all further checks are
+ silently skipped.
+ :param file_okay: controls if a file is a possible value.
+ :param dir_okay: controls if a directory is a possible value.
+ :param writable: if true, a writable check is performed.
+ :param readable: if true, a readable check is performed.
+ :param resolve_path: if this is true, then the path is fully resolved
+ before the value is passed onwards. This means
+ that it's absolute and symlinks are resolved. It
+ will not expand a tilde-prefix, as this is
+ supposed to be done by the shell only.
+ :param allow_dash: If this is set to `True`, a single dash to indicate
+ standard streams is permitted.
+ :param path_type: Convert the incoming path value to this type. If
+ ``None``, keep Python's default, which is ``str``. Useful to
+ convert to :class:`pathlib.Path`.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+ Allow passing ``type=pathlib.Path``.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 6.0
+ Added the ``allow_dash`` parameter.
+ """
+
+ envvar_list_splitter = os.path.pathsep
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ exists: bool = False,
+ file_okay: bool = True,
+ dir_okay: bool = True,
+ writable: bool = False,
+ readable: bool = True,
+ resolve_path: bool = False,
+ allow_dash: bool = False,
+ path_type: t.Optional[t.Type] = None,
+ ):
+ self.exists = exists
+ self.file_okay = file_okay
+ self.dir_okay = dir_okay
+ self.writable = writable
+ self.readable = readable
+ self.resolve_path = resolve_path
+ self.allow_dash = allow_dash
+ self.type = path_type
+
+ if self.file_okay and not self.dir_okay:
+ self.name = _("file")
+ elif self.dir_okay and not self.file_okay:
+ self.name = _("directory")
+ else:
+ self.name = _("path")
+
+ def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+ info_dict.update(
+ exists=self.exists,
+ file_okay=self.file_okay,
+ dir_okay=self.dir_okay,
+ writable=self.writable,
+ readable=self.readable,
+ allow_dash=self.allow_dash,
+ )
+ return info_dict
+
+ def coerce_path_result(self, rv: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+ if self.type is not None and not isinstance(rv, self.type):
+ if self.type is str:
+ rv = os.fsdecode(rv)
+ elif self.type is bytes:
+ rv = os.fsencode(rv)
+ else:
+ rv = self.type(rv)
+
+ return rv
+
+ def convert(
+ self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ rv = value
+
+ is_dash = self.file_okay and self.allow_dash and rv in (b"-", "-")
+
+ if not is_dash:
+ if self.resolve_path:
+ # realpath on Windows Python < 3.8 doesn't resolve symlinks
+ if os.path.islink(rv):
+ rv = os.readlink(rv)
+
+ rv = os.path.realpath(rv)
+
+ try:
+ st = os.stat(rv)
+ except OSError:
+ if not self.exists:
+ return self.coerce_path_result(rv)
+ self.fail(
+ _("{name} {filename!r} does not exist.").format(
+ name=self.name.title(), filename=os.fsdecode(value)
+ ),
+ param,
+ ctx,
+ )
+
+ if not self.file_okay and stat.S_ISREG(st.st_mode):
+ self.fail(
+ _("{name} {filename!r} is a file.").format(
+ name=self.name.title(), filename=os.fsdecode(value)
+ ),
+ param,
+ ctx,
+ )
+ if not self.dir_okay and stat.S_ISDIR(st.st_mode):
+ self.fail(
+ _("{name} {filename!r} is a directory.").format(
+ name=self.name.title(), filename=os.fsdecode(value)
+ ),
+ param,
+ ctx,
+ )
+ if self.writable and not os.access(value, os.W_OK):
+ self.fail(
+ _("{name} {filename!r} is not writable.").format(
+ name=self.name.title(), filename=os.fsdecode(value)
+ ),
+ param,
+ ctx,
+ )
+ if self.readable and not os.access(value, os.R_OK):
+ self.fail(
+ _("{name} {filename!r} is not readable.").format(
+ name=self.name.title(), filename=os.fsdecode(value)
+ ),
+ param,
+ ctx,
+ )
+
+ return self.coerce_path_result(rv)
+
+ def shell_complete(
+ self, ctx: "Context", param: "Parameter", incomplete: str
+ ) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+ """Return a special completion marker that tells the completion
+ system to use the shell to provide path completions for only
+ directories or any paths.
+
+ :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+ :param param: The parameter that is requesting completion.
+ :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ """
+ from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+ type = "dir" if self.dir_okay and not self.file_okay else "file"
+ return [CompletionItem(incomplete, type=type)]
+
+
+class Tuple(CompositeParamType):
+ """The default behavior of Click is to apply a type on a value directly.
+ This works well in most cases, except for when `nargs` is set to a fixed
+ count and different types should be used for different items. In this
+ case the :class:`Tuple` type can be used. This type can only be used
+ if `nargs` is set to a fixed number.
+
+ For more information see :ref:`tuple-type`.
+
+ This can be selected by using a Python tuple literal as a type.
+
+ :param types: a list of types that should be used for the tuple items.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, types: t.Sequence[t.Union[t.Type, ParamType]]) -> None:
+ self.types = [convert_type(ty) for ty in types]
+
+ def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+ info_dict["types"] = [t.to_info_dict() for t in self.types]
+ return info_dict
+
+ @property
+ def name(self) -> str: # type: ignore
+ return f"<{' '.join(ty.name for ty in self.types)}>"
+
+ @property
+ def arity(self) -> int: # type: ignore
+ return len(self.types)
+
+ def convert(
+ self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+ ) -> t.Any:
+ len_type = len(self.types)
+ len_value = len(value)
+
+ if len_value != len_type:
+ self.fail(
+ ngettext(
+ "{len_type} values are required, but {len_value} was given.",
+ "{len_type} values are required, but {len_value} were given.",
+ len_value,
+ ).format(len_type=len_type, len_value=len_value),
+ param=param,
+ ctx=ctx,
+ )
+
+ return tuple(ty(x, param, ctx) for ty, x in zip(self.types, value))
+
+
+def convert_type(ty: t.Optional[t.Any], default: t.Optional[t.Any] = None) -> ParamType:
+ """Find the most appropriate :class:`ParamType` for the given Python
+ type. If the type isn't provided, it can be inferred from a default
+ value.
+ """
+ guessed_type = False
+
+ if ty is None and default is not None:
+ if isinstance(default, (tuple, list)):
+ # If the default is empty, ty will remain None and will
+ # return STRING.
+ if default:
+ item = default[0]
+
+ # A tuple of tuples needs to detect the inner types.
+ # Can't call convert recursively because that would
+ # incorrectly unwind the tuple to a single type.
+ if isinstance(item, (tuple, list)):
+ ty = tuple(map(type, item))
+ else:
+ ty = type(item)
+ else:
+ ty = type(default)
+
+ guessed_type = True
+
+ if isinstance(ty, tuple):
+ return Tuple(ty)
+
+ if isinstance(ty, ParamType):
+ return ty
+
+ if ty is str or ty is None:
+ return STRING
+
+ if ty is int:
+ return INT
+
+ if ty is float:
+ return FLOAT
+
+ if ty is bool:
+ return BOOL
+
+ if guessed_type:
+ return STRING
+
+ if __debug__:
+ try:
+ if issubclass(ty, ParamType):
+ raise AssertionError(
+ f"Attempted to use an uninstantiated parameter type ({ty})."
+ )
+ except TypeError:
+ # ty is an instance (correct), so issubclass fails.
+ pass
+
+ return FuncParamType(ty)
+
+
+#: A dummy parameter type that just does nothing. From a user's
+#: perspective this appears to just be the same as `STRING` but
+#: internally no string conversion takes place if the input was bytes.
+#: This is usually useful when working with file paths as they can
+#: appear in bytes and unicode.
+#:
+#: For path related uses the :class:`Path` type is a better choice but
+#: there are situations where an unprocessed type is useful which is why
+#: it is is provided.
+#:
+#: .. versionadded:: 4.0
+UNPROCESSED = UnprocessedParamType()
+
+#: A unicode string parameter type which is the implicit default. This
+#: can also be selected by using ``str`` as type.
+STRING = StringParamType()
+
+#: An integer parameter. This can also be selected by using ``int`` as
+#: type.
+INT = IntParamType()
+
+#: A floating point value parameter. This can also be selected by using
+#: ``float`` as type.
+FLOAT = FloatParamType()
+
+#: A boolean parameter. This is the default for boolean flags. This can
+#: also be selected by using ``bool`` as a type.
+BOOL = BoolParamType()
+
+#: A UUID parameter.
+UUID = UUIDParameterType()
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/utils.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..91a372d36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,579 @@
+import os
+import sys
+import typing as t
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from types import ModuleType
+
+from ._compat import _default_text_stderr
+from ._compat import _default_text_stdout
+from ._compat import _find_binary_writer
+from ._compat import auto_wrap_for_ansi
+from ._compat import binary_streams
+from ._compat import get_filesystem_encoding
+from ._compat import open_stream
+from ._compat import should_strip_ansi
+from ._compat import strip_ansi
+from ._compat import text_streams
+from ._compat import WIN
+from .globals import resolve_color_default
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+ import typing_extensions as te
+
+F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
+
+
+def _posixify(name: str) -> str:
+ return "-".join(name.split()).lower()
+
+
+def safecall(func: F) -> F:
+ """Wraps a function so that it swallows exceptions."""
+
+ def wrapper(*args, **kwargs): # type: ignore
+ try:
+ return func(*args, **kwargs)
+ except Exception:
+ pass
+
+ return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, wrapper), func)
+
+
+def make_str(value: t.Any) -> str:
+ """Converts a value into a valid string."""
+ if isinstance(value, bytes):
+ try:
+ return value.decode(get_filesystem_encoding())
+ except UnicodeError:
+ return value.decode("utf-8", "replace")
+ return str(value)
+
+
+def make_default_short_help(help: str, max_length: int = 45) -> str:
+ """Returns a condensed version of help string."""
+ # Consider only the first paragraph.
+ paragraph_end = help.find("\n\n")
+
+ if paragraph_end != -1:
+ help = help[:paragraph_end]
+
+ # Collapse newlines, tabs, and spaces.
+ words = help.split()
+
+ if not words:
+ return ""
+
+ # The first paragraph started with a "no rewrap" marker, ignore it.
+ if words[0] == "\b":
+ words = words[1:]
+
+ total_length = 0
+ last_index = len(words) - 1
+
+ for i, word in enumerate(words):
+ total_length += len(word) + (i > 0)
+
+ if total_length > max_length: # too long, truncate
+ break
+
+ if word[-1] == ".": # sentence end, truncate without "..."
+ return " ".join(words[: i + 1])
+
+ if total_length == max_length and i != last_index:
+ break # not at sentence end, truncate with "..."
+ else:
+ return " ".join(words) # no truncation needed
+
+ # Account for the length of the suffix.
+ total_length += len("...")
+
+ # remove words until the length is short enough
+ while i > 0:
+ total_length -= len(words[i]) + (i > 0)
+
+ if total_length <= max_length:
+ break
+
+ i -= 1
+
+ return " ".join(words[:i]) + "..."
+
+
+class LazyFile:
+ """A lazy file works like a regular file but it does not fully open
+ the file but it does perform some basic checks early to see if the
+ filename parameter does make sense. This is useful for safely opening
+ files for writing.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ filename: str,
+ mode: str = "r",
+ encoding: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ errors: t.Optional[str] = "strict",
+ atomic: bool = False,
+ ):
+ self.name = filename
+ self.mode = mode
+ self.encoding = encoding
+ self.errors = errors
+ self.atomic = atomic
+ self._f: t.Optional[t.IO]
+
+ if filename == "-":
+ self._f, self.should_close = open_stream(filename, mode, encoding, errors)
+ else:
+ if "r" in mode:
+ # Open and close the file in case we're opening it for
+ # reading so that we can catch at least some errors in
+ # some cases early.
+ open(filename, mode).close()
+ self._f = None
+ self.should_close = True
+
+ def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+ return getattr(self.open(), name)
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ if self._f is not None:
+ return repr(self._f)
+ return f""
+
+ def open(self) -> t.IO:
+ """Opens the file if it's not yet open. This call might fail with
+ a :exc:`FileError`. Not handling this error will produce an error
+ that Click shows.
+ """
+ if self._f is not None:
+ return self._f
+ try:
+ rv, self.should_close = open_stream(
+ self.name, self.mode, self.encoding, self.errors, atomic=self.atomic
+ )
+ except OSError as e: # noqa: E402
+ from .exceptions import FileError
+
+ raise FileError(self.name, hint=e.strerror)
+ self._f = rv
+ return rv
+
+ def close(self) -> None:
+ """Closes the underlying file, no matter what."""
+ if self._f is not None:
+ self._f.close()
+
+ def close_intelligently(self) -> None:
+ """This function only closes the file if it was opened by the lazy
+ file wrapper. For instance this will never close stdin.
+ """
+ if self.should_close:
+ self.close()
+
+ def __enter__(self) -> "LazyFile":
+ return self
+
+ def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb): # type: ignore
+ self.close_intelligently()
+
+ def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[t.AnyStr]:
+ self.open()
+ return iter(self._f) # type: ignore
+
+
+class KeepOpenFile:
+ def __init__(self, file: t.IO) -> None:
+ self._file = file
+
+ def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+ return getattr(self._file, name)
+
+ def __enter__(self) -> "KeepOpenFile":
+ return self
+
+ def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb): # type: ignore
+ pass
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return repr(self._file)
+
+ def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[t.AnyStr]:
+ return iter(self._file)
+
+
+def echo(
+ message: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+ file: t.Optional[t.IO] = None,
+ nl: bool = True,
+ err: bool = False,
+ color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+) -> None:
+ """Print a message and newline to stdout or a file. This should be
+ used instead of :func:`print` because it provides better support
+ for different data, files, and environments.
+
+ Compared to :func:`print`, this does the following:
+
+ - Ensures that the output encoding is not misconfigured on Linux.
+ - Supports Unicode in the Windows console.
+ - Supports writing to binary outputs, and supports writing bytes
+ to text outputs.
+ - Supports colors and styles on Windows.
+ - Removes ANSI color and style codes if the output does not look
+ like an interactive terminal.
+ - Always flushes the output.
+
+ :param message: The string or bytes to output. Other objects are
+ converted to strings.
+ :param file: The file to write to. Defaults to ``stdout``.
+ :param err: Write to ``stderr`` instead of ``stdout``.
+ :param nl: Print a newline after the message. Enabled by default.
+ :param color: Force showing or hiding colors and other styles. By
+ default Click will remove color if the output does not look like
+ an interactive terminal.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 6.0
+ Support Unicode output on the Windows console. Click does not
+ modify ``sys.stdout``, so ``sys.stdout.write()`` and ``print()``
+ will still not support Unicode.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 4.0
+ Added the ``color`` parameter.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 3.0
+ Added the ``err`` parameter.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ Support colors on Windows if colorama is installed.
+ """
+ if file is None:
+ if err:
+ file = _default_text_stderr()
+ else:
+ file = _default_text_stdout()
+
+ # Convert non bytes/text into the native string type.
+ if message is not None and not isinstance(message, (str, bytes, bytearray)):
+ out: t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes]] = str(message)
+ else:
+ out = message
+
+ if nl:
+ out = out or ""
+ if isinstance(out, str):
+ out += "\n"
+ else:
+ out += b"\n"
+
+ if not out:
+ file.flush()
+ return
+
+ # If there is a message and the value looks like bytes, we manually
+ # need to find the binary stream and write the message in there.
+ # This is done separately so that most stream types will work as you
+ # would expect. Eg: you can write to StringIO for other cases.
+ if isinstance(out, (bytes, bytearray)):
+ binary_file = _find_binary_writer(file)
+
+ if binary_file is not None:
+ file.flush()
+ binary_file.write(out)
+ binary_file.flush()
+ return
+
+ # ANSI style code support. For no message or bytes, nothing happens.
+ # When outputting to a file instead of a terminal, strip codes.
+ else:
+ color = resolve_color_default(color)
+
+ if should_strip_ansi(file, color):
+ out = strip_ansi(out)
+ elif WIN:
+ if auto_wrap_for_ansi is not None:
+ file = auto_wrap_for_ansi(file) # type: ignore
+ elif not color:
+ out = strip_ansi(out)
+
+ file.write(out) # type: ignore
+ file.flush()
+
+
+def get_binary_stream(name: "te.Literal['stdin', 'stdout', 'stderr']") -> t.BinaryIO:
+ """Returns a system stream for byte processing.
+
+ :param name: the name of the stream to open. Valid names are ``'stdin'``,
+ ``'stdout'`` and ``'stderr'``
+ """
+ opener = binary_streams.get(name)
+ if opener is None:
+ raise TypeError(f"Unknown standard stream '{name}'")
+ return opener()
+
+
+def get_text_stream(
+ name: "te.Literal['stdin', 'stdout', 'stderr']",
+ encoding: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ errors: t.Optional[str] = "strict",
+) -> t.TextIO:
+ """Returns a system stream for text processing. This usually returns
+ a wrapped stream around a binary stream returned from
+ :func:`get_binary_stream` but it also can take shortcuts for already
+ correctly configured streams.
+
+ :param name: the name of the stream to open. Valid names are ``'stdin'``,
+ ``'stdout'`` and ``'stderr'``
+ :param encoding: overrides the detected default encoding.
+ :param errors: overrides the default error mode.
+ """
+ opener = text_streams.get(name)
+ if opener is None:
+ raise TypeError(f"Unknown standard stream '{name}'")
+ return opener(encoding, errors)
+
+
+def open_file(
+ filename: str,
+ mode: str = "r",
+ encoding: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ errors: t.Optional[str] = "strict",
+ lazy: bool = False,
+ atomic: bool = False,
+) -> t.IO:
+ """This is similar to how the :class:`File` works but for manual
+ usage. Files are opened non lazy by default. This can open regular
+ files as well as stdin/stdout if ``'-'`` is passed.
+
+ If stdin/stdout is returned the stream is wrapped so that the context
+ manager will not close the stream accidentally. This makes it possible
+ to always use the function like this without having to worry to
+ accidentally close a standard stream::
+
+ with open_file(filename) as f:
+ ...
+
+ .. versionadded:: 3.0
+
+ :param filename: the name of the file to open (or ``'-'`` for stdin/stdout).
+ :param mode: the mode in which to open the file.
+ :param encoding: the encoding to use.
+ :param errors: the error handling for this file.
+ :param lazy: can be flipped to true to open the file lazily.
+ :param atomic: in atomic mode writes go into a temporary file and it's
+ moved on close.
+ """
+ if lazy:
+ return t.cast(t.IO, LazyFile(filename, mode, encoding, errors, atomic=atomic))
+ f, should_close = open_stream(filename, mode, encoding, errors, atomic=atomic)
+ if not should_close:
+ f = t.cast(t.IO, KeepOpenFile(f))
+ return f
+
+
+def get_os_args() -> t.Sequence[str]:
+ """Returns the argument part of ``sys.argv``, removing the first
+ value which is the name of the script.
+
+ .. deprecated:: 8.0
+ Will be removed in Click 8.1. Access ``sys.argv[1:]`` directly
+ instead.
+ """
+ import warnings
+
+ warnings.warn(
+ "'get_os_args' is deprecated and will be removed in Click 8.1."
+ " Access 'sys.argv[1:]' directly instead.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ stacklevel=2,
+ )
+ return sys.argv[1:]
+
+
+def format_filename(
+ filename: t.Union[str, bytes, os.PathLike], shorten: bool = False
+) -> str:
+ """Formats a filename for user display. The main purpose of this
+ function is to ensure that the filename can be displayed at all. This
+ will decode the filename to unicode if necessary in a way that it will
+ not fail. Optionally, it can shorten the filename to not include the
+ full path to the filename.
+
+ :param filename: formats a filename for UI display. This will also convert
+ the filename into unicode without failing.
+ :param shorten: this optionally shortens the filename to strip of the
+ path that leads up to it.
+ """
+ if shorten:
+ filename = os.path.basename(filename)
+
+ return os.fsdecode(filename)
+
+
+def get_app_dir(app_name: str, roaming: bool = True, force_posix: bool = False) -> str:
+ r"""Returns the config folder for the application. The default behavior
+ is to return whatever is most appropriate for the operating system.
+
+ To give you an idea, for an app called ``"Foo Bar"``, something like
+ the following folders could be returned:
+
+ Mac OS X:
+ ``~/Library/Application Support/Foo Bar``
+ Mac OS X (POSIX):
+ ``~/.foo-bar``
+ Unix:
+ ``~/.config/foo-bar``
+ Unix (POSIX):
+ ``~/.foo-bar``
+ Windows (roaming):
+ ``C:\Users\\AppData\Roaming\Foo Bar``
+ Windows (not roaming):
+ ``C:\Users\\AppData\Local\Foo Bar``
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+ :param app_name: the application name. This should be properly capitalized
+ and can contain whitespace.
+ :param roaming: controls if the folder should be roaming or not on Windows.
+ Has no affect otherwise.
+ :param force_posix: if this is set to `True` then on any POSIX system the
+ folder will be stored in the home folder with a leading
+ dot instead of the XDG config home or darwin's
+ application support folder.
+ """
+ if WIN:
+ key = "APPDATA" if roaming else "LOCALAPPDATA"
+ folder = os.environ.get(key)
+ if folder is None:
+ folder = os.path.expanduser("~")
+ return os.path.join(folder, app_name)
+ if force_posix:
+ return os.path.join(os.path.expanduser(f"~/.{_posixify(app_name)}"))
+ if sys.platform == "darwin":
+ return os.path.join(
+ os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Application Support"), app_name
+ )
+ return os.path.join(
+ os.environ.get("XDG_CONFIG_HOME", os.path.expanduser("~/.config")),
+ _posixify(app_name),
+ )
+
+
+class PacifyFlushWrapper:
+ """This wrapper is used to catch and suppress BrokenPipeErrors resulting
+ from ``.flush()`` being called on broken pipe during the shutdown/final-GC
+ of the Python interpreter. Notably ``.flush()`` is always called on
+ ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``. So as to have minimal impact on any
+ other cleanup code, and the case where the underlying file is not a broken
+ pipe, all calls and attributes are proxied.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, wrapped: t.IO) -> None:
+ self.wrapped = wrapped
+
+ def flush(self) -> None:
+ try:
+ self.wrapped.flush()
+ except OSError as e:
+ import errno
+
+ if e.errno != errno.EPIPE:
+ raise
+
+ def __getattr__(self, attr: str) -> t.Any:
+ return getattr(self.wrapped, attr)
+
+
+def _detect_program_name(
+ path: t.Optional[str] = None, _main: ModuleType = sys.modules["__main__"]
+) -> str:
+ """Determine the command used to run the program, for use in help
+ text. If a file or entry point was executed, the file name is
+ returned. If ``python -m`` was used to execute a module or package,
+ ``python -m name`` is returned.
+
+ This doesn't try to be too precise, the goal is to give a concise
+ name for help text. Files are only shown as their name without the
+ path. ``python`` is only shown for modules, and the full path to
+ ``sys.executable`` is not shown.
+
+ :param path: The Python file being executed. Python puts this in
+ ``sys.argv[0]``, which is used by default.
+ :param _main: The ``__main__`` module. This should only be passed
+ during internal testing.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+ Based on command args detection in the Werkzeug reloader.
+
+ :meta private:
+ """
+ if not path:
+ path = sys.argv[0]
+
+ # The value of __package__ indicates how Python was called. It may
+ # not exist if a setuptools script is installed as an egg. It may be
+ # set incorrectly for entry points created with pip on Windows.
+ if getattr(_main, "__package__", None) is None or (
+ os.name == "nt"
+ and _main.__package__ == ""
+ and not os.path.exists(path)
+ and os.path.exists(f"{path}.exe")
+ ):
+ # Executed a file, like "python app.py".
+ return os.path.basename(path)
+
+ # Executed a module, like "python -m example".
+ # Rewritten by Python from "-m script" to "/path/to/script.py".
+ # Need to look at main module to determine how it was executed.
+ py_module = t.cast(str, _main.__package__)
+ name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(path))[0]
+
+ # A submodule like "example.cli".
+ if name != "__main__":
+ py_module = f"{py_module}.{name}"
+
+ return f"python -m {py_module.lstrip('.')}"
+
+
+def _expand_args(
+ args: t.Iterable[str],
+ *,
+ user: bool = True,
+ env: bool = True,
+ glob_recursive: bool = True,
+) -> t.List[str]:
+ """Simulate Unix shell expansion with Python functions.
+
+ See :func:`glob.glob`, :func:`os.path.expanduser`, and
+ :func:`os.path.expandvars`.
+
+ This intended for use on Windows, where the shell does not do any
+ expansion. It may not exactly match what a Unix shell would do.
+
+ :param args: List of command line arguments to expand.
+ :param user: Expand user home directory.
+ :param env: Expand environment variables.
+ :param glob_recursive: ``**`` matches directories recursively.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 8.0
+
+ :meta private:
+ """
+ from glob import glob
+
+ out = []
+
+ for arg in args:
+ if user:
+ arg = os.path.expanduser(arg)
+
+ if env:
+ arg = os.path.expandvars(arg)
+
+ matches = glob(arg, recursive=glob_recursive)
+
+ if not matches:
+ out.append(arg)
+ else:
+ out.extend(matches)
+
+ return out
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/easy_install.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/easy_install.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d87e98403
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/easy_install.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+"""Run the EasyInstall command"""
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+ from setuptools.command.easy_install import main
+ main()
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/__init__.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c5da045ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+from markupsafe import escape
+from markupsafe import Markup
+from werkzeug.exceptions import abort as abort
+from werkzeug.utils import redirect as redirect
+
+from . import json as json
+from .app import Flask as Flask
+from .app import Request as Request
+from .app import Response as Response
+from .blueprints import Blueprint as Blueprint
+from .config import Config as Config
+from .ctx import after_this_request as after_this_request
+from .ctx import copy_current_request_context as copy_current_request_context
+from .ctx import has_app_context as has_app_context
+from .ctx import has_request_context as has_request_context
+from .globals import _app_ctx_stack as _app_ctx_stack
+from .globals import _request_ctx_stack as _request_ctx_stack
+from .globals import current_app as current_app
+from .globals import g as g
+from .globals import request as request
+from .globals import session as session
+from .helpers import flash as flash
+from .helpers import get_flashed_messages as get_flashed_messages
+from .helpers import get_template_attribute as get_template_attribute
+from .helpers import make_response as make_response
+from .helpers import safe_join as safe_join
+from .helpers import send_file as send_file
+from .helpers import send_from_directory as send_from_directory
+from .helpers import stream_with_context as stream_with_context
+from .helpers import url_for as url_for
+from .json import jsonify as jsonify
+from .signals import appcontext_popped as appcontext_popped
+from .signals import appcontext_pushed as appcontext_pushed
+from .signals import appcontext_tearing_down as appcontext_tearing_down
+from .signals import before_render_template as before_render_template
+from .signals import got_request_exception as got_request_exception
+from .signals import message_flashed as message_flashed
+from .signals import request_finished as request_finished
+from .signals import request_started as request_started
+from .signals import request_tearing_down as request_tearing_down
+from .signals import signals_available as signals_available
+from .signals import template_rendered as template_rendered
+from .templating import render_template as render_template
+from .templating import render_template_string as render_template_string
+
+__version__ = "2.0.1"
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/__main__.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/__main__.py
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/__main__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from .cli import main
+
+main()
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diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3abce3ce1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2088 @@
+import functools
+import inspect
+import logging
+import os
+import sys
+import typing as t
+import weakref
+from datetime import timedelta
+from itertools import chain
+from threading import Lock
+from types import TracebackType
+
+from werkzeug.datastructures import Headers
+from werkzeug.datastructures import ImmutableDict
+from werkzeug.exceptions import BadRequest
+from werkzeug.exceptions import BadRequestKeyError
+from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException
+from werkzeug.exceptions import InternalServerError
+from werkzeug.local import ContextVar
+from werkzeug.routing import BuildError
+from werkzeug.routing import Map
+from werkzeug.routing import MapAdapter
+from werkzeug.routing import RequestRedirect
+from werkzeug.routing import RoutingException
+from werkzeug.routing import Rule
+from werkzeug.wrappers import Response as BaseResponse
+
+from . import cli
+from . import json
+from .config import Config
+from .config import ConfigAttribute
+from .ctx import _AppCtxGlobals
+from .ctx import AppContext
+from .ctx import RequestContext
+from .globals import _request_ctx_stack
+from .globals import g
+from .globals import request
+from .globals import session
+from .helpers import _split_blueprint_path
+from .helpers import get_debug_flag
+from .helpers import get_env
+from .helpers import get_flashed_messages
+from .helpers import get_load_dotenv
+from .helpers import locked_cached_property
+from .helpers import url_for
+from .json import jsonify
+from .logging import create_logger
+from .scaffold import _endpoint_from_view_func
+from .scaffold import _sentinel
+from .scaffold import find_package
+from .scaffold import Scaffold
+from .scaffold import setupmethod
+from .sessions import SecureCookieSessionInterface
+from .signals import appcontext_tearing_down
+from .signals import got_request_exception
+from .signals import request_finished
+from .signals import request_started
+from .signals import request_tearing_down
+from .templating import DispatchingJinjaLoader
+from .templating import Environment
+from .typing import AfterRequestCallable
+from .typing import BeforeRequestCallable
+from .typing import ErrorHandlerCallable
+from .typing import ResponseReturnValue
+from .typing import TeardownCallable
+from .typing import TemplateContextProcessorCallable
+from .typing import TemplateFilterCallable
+from .typing import TemplateGlobalCallable
+from .typing import TemplateTestCallable
+from .typing import URLDefaultCallable
+from .typing import URLValuePreprocessorCallable
+from .wrappers import Request
+from .wrappers import Response
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+ import typing_extensions as te
+ from .blueprints import Blueprint
+ from .testing import FlaskClient
+ from .testing import FlaskCliRunner
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+ iscoroutinefunction = inspect.iscoroutinefunction
+else:
+
+ def iscoroutinefunction(func: t.Any) -> bool:
+ while inspect.ismethod(func):
+ func = func.__func__
+
+ while isinstance(func, functools.partial):
+ func = func.func
+
+ return inspect.iscoroutinefunction(func)
+
+
+def _make_timedelta(value: t.Optional[timedelta]) -> t.Optional[timedelta]:
+ if value is None or isinstance(value, timedelta):
+ return value
+
+ return timedelta(seconds=value)
+
+
+class Flask(Scaffold):
+ """The flask object implements a WSGI application and acts as the central
+ object. It is passed the name of the module or package of the
+ application. Once it is created it will act as a central registry for
+ the view functions, the URL rules, template configuration and much more.
+
+ The name of the package is used to resolve resources from inside the
+ package or the folder the module is contained in depending on if the
+ package parameter resolves to an actual python package (a folder with
+ an :file:`__init__.py` file inside) or a standard module (just a ``.py`` file).
+
+ For more information about resource loading, see :func:`open_resource`.
+
+ Usually you create a :class:`Flask` instance in your main module or
+ in the :file:`__init__.py` file of your package like this::
+
+ from flask import Flask
+ app = Flask(__name__)
+
+ .. admonition:: About the First Parameter
+
+ The idea of the first parameter is to give Flask an idea of what
+ belongs to your application. This name is used to find resources
+ on the filesystem, can be used by extensions to improve debugging
+ information and a lot more.
+
+ So it's important what you provide there. If you are using a single
+ module, `__name__` is always the correct value. If you however are
+ using a package, it's usually recommended to hardcode the name of
+ your package there.
+
+ For example if your application is defined in :file:`yourapplication/app.py`
+ you should create it with one of the two versions below::
+
+ app = Flask('yourapplication')
+ app = Flask(__name__.split('.')[0])
+
+ Why is that? The application will work even with `__name__`, thanks
+ to how resources are looked up. However it will make debugging more
+ painful. Certain extensions can make assumptions based on the
+ import name of your application. For example the Flask-SQLAlchemy
+ extension will look for the code in your application that triggered
+ an SQL query in debug mode. If the import name is not properly set
+ up, that debugging information is lost. (For example it would only
+ pick up SQL queries in `yourapplication.app` and not
+ `yourapplication.views.frontend`)
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ The `static_url_path`, `static_folder`, and `template_folder`
+ parameters were added.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.8
+ The `instance_path` and `instance_relative_config` parameters were
+ added.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.11
+ The `root_path` parameter was added.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 1.0
+ The ``host_matching`` and ``static_host`` parameters were added.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 1.0
+ The ``subdomain_matching`` parameter was added. Subdomain
+ matching needs to be enabled manually now. Setting
+ :data:`SERVER_NAME` does not implicitly enable it.
+
+ :param import_name: the name of the application package
+ :param static_url_path: can be used to specify a different path for the
+ static files on the web. Defaults to the name
+ of the `static_folder` folder.
+ :param static_folder: The folder with static files that is served at
+ ``static_url_path``. Relative to the application ``root_path``
+ or an absolute path. Defaults to ``'static'``.
+ :param static_host: the host to use when adding the static route.
+ Defaults to None. Required when using ``host_matching=True``
+ with a ``static_folder`` configured.
+ :param host_matching: set ``url_map.host_matching`` attribute.
+ Defaults to False.
+ :param subdomain_matching: consider the subdomain relative to
+ :data:`SERVER_NAME` when matching routes. Defaults to False.
+ :param template_folder: the folder that contains the templates that should
+ be used by the application. Defaults to
+ ``'templates'`` folder in the root path of the
+ application.
+ :param instance_path: An alternative instance path for the application.
+ By default the folder ``'instance'`` next to the
+ package or module is assumed to be the instance
+ path.
+ :param instance_relative_config: if set to ``True`` relative filenames
+ for loading the config are assumed to
+ be relative to the instance path instead
+ of the application root.
+ :param root_path: The path to the root of the application files.
+ This should only be set manually when it can't be detected
+ automatically, such as for namespace packages.
+ """
+
+ #: The class that is used for request objects. See :class:`~flask.Request`
+ #: for more information.
+ request_class = Request
+
+ #: The class that is used for response objects. See
+ #: :class:`~flask.Response` for more information.
+ response_class = Response
+
+ #: The class that is used for the Jinja environment.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.11
+ jinja_environment = Environment
+
+ #: The class that is used for the :data:`~flask.g` instance.
+ #:
+ #: Example use cases for a custom class:
+ #:
+ #: 1. Store arbitrary attributes on flask.g.
+ #: 2. Add a property for lazy per-request database connectors.
+ #: 3. Return None instead of AttributeError on unexpected attributes.
+ #: 4. Raise exception if an unexpected attr is set, a "controlled" flask.g.
+ #:
+ #: In Flask 0.9 this property was called `request_globals_class` but it
+ #: was changed in 0.10 to :attr:`app_ctx_globals_class` because the
+ #: flask.g object is now application context scoped.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.10
+ app_ctx_globals_class = _AppCtxGlobals
+
+ #: The class that is used for the ``config`` attribute of this app.
+ #: Defaults to :class:`~flask.Config`.
+ #:
+ #: Example use cases for a custom class:
+ #:
+ #: 1. Default values for certain config options.
+ #: 2. Access to config values through attributes in addition to keys.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.11
+ config_class = Config
+
+ #: The testing flag. Set this to ``True`` to enable the test mode of
+ #: Flask extensions (and in the future probably also Flask itself).
+ #: For example this might activate test helpers that have an
+ #: additional runtime cost which should not be enabled by default.
+ #:
+ #: If this is enabled and PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS is not changed from the
+ #: default it's implicitly enabled.
+ #:
+ #: This attribute can also be configured from the config with the
+ #: ``TESTING`` configuration key. Defaults to ``False``.
+ testing = ConfigAttribute("TESTING")
+
+ #: If a secret key is set, cryptographic components can use this to
+ #: sign cookies and other things. Set this to a complex random value
+ #: when you want to use the secure cookie for instance.
+ #:
+ #: This attribute can also be configured from the config with the
+ #: :data:`SECRET_KEY` configuration key. Defaults to ``None``.
+ secret_key = ConfigAttribute("SECRET_KEY")
+
+ #: The secure cookie uses this for the name of the session cookie.
+ #:
+ #: This attribute can also be configured from the config with the
+ #: ``SESSION_COOKIE_NAME`` configuration key. Defaults to ``'session'``
+ session_cookie_name = ConfigAttribute("SESSION_COOKIE_NAME")
+
+ #: A :class:`~datetime.timedelta` which is used to set the expiration
+ #: date of a permanent session. The default is 31 days which makes a
+ #: permanent session survive for roughly one month.
+ #:
+ #: This attribute can also be configured from the config with the
+ #: ``PERMANENT_SESSION_LIFETIME`` configuration key. Defaults to
+ #: ``timedelta(days=31)``
+ permanent_session_lifetime = ConfigAttribute(
+ "PERMANENT_SESSION_LIFETIME", get_converter=_make_timedelta
+ )
+
+ #: A :class:`~datetime.timedelta` or number of seconds which is used
+ #: as the default ``max_age`` for :func:`send_file`. The default is
+ #: ``None``, which tells the browser to use conditional requests
+ #: instead of a timed cache.
+ #:
+ #: Configured with the :data:`SEND_FILE_MAX_AGE_DEFAULT`
+ #: configuration key.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ #: Defaults to ``None`` instead of 12 hours.
+ send_file_max_age_default = ConfigAttribute(
+ "SEND_FILE_MAX_AGE_DEFAULT", get_converter=_make_timedelta
+ )
+
+ #: Enable this if you want to use the X-Sendfile feature. Keep in
+ #: mind that the server has to support this. This only affects files
+ #: sent with the :func:`send_file` method.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.2
+ #:
+ #: This attribute can also be configured from the config with the
+ #: ``USE_X_SENDFILE`` configuration key. Defaults to ``False``.
+ use_x_sendfile = ConfigAttribute("USE_X_SENDFILE")
+
+ #: The JSON encoder class to use. Defaults to :class:`~flask.json.JSONEncoder`.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.10
+ json_encoder = json.JSONEncoder
+
+ #: The JSON decoder class to use. Defaults to :class:`~flask.json.JSONDecoder`.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.10
+ json_decoder = json.JSONDecoder
+
+ #: Options that are passed to the Jinja environment in
+ #: :meth:`create_jinja_environment`. Changing these options after
+ #: the environment is created (accessing :attr:`jinja_env`) will
+ #: have no effect.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionchanged:: 1.1.0
+ #: This is a ``dict`` instead of an ``ImmutableDict`` to allow
+ #: easier configuration.
+ #:
+ jinja_options: dict = {}
+
+ #: Default configuration parameters.
+ default_config = ImmutableDict(
+ {
+ "ENV": None,
+ "DEBUG": None,
+ "TESTING": False,
+ "PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS": None,
+ "PRESERVE_CONTEXT_ON_EXCEPTION": None,
+ "SECRET_KEY": None,
+ "PERMANENT_SESSION_LIFETIME": timedelta(days=31),
+ "USE_X_SENDFILE": False,
+ "SERVER_NAME": None,
+ "APPLICATION_ROOT": "/",
+ "SESSION_COOKIE_NAME": "session",
+ "SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN": None,
+ "SESSION_COOKIE_PATH": None,
+ "SESSION_COOKIE_HTTPONLY": True,
+ "SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE": False,
+ "SESSION_COOKIE_SAMESITE": None,
+ "SESSION_REFRESH_EACH_REQUEST": True,
+ "MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH": None,
+ "SEND_FILE_MAX_AGE_DEFAULT": None,
+ "TRAP_BAD_REQUEST_ERRORS": None,
+ "TRAP_HTTP_EXCEPTIONS": False,
+ "EXPLAIN_TEMPLATE_LOADING": False,
+ "PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME": "http",
+ "JSON_AS_ASCII": True,
+ "JSON_SORT_KEYS": True,
+ "JSONIFY_PRETTYPRINT_REGULAR": False,
+ "JSONIFY_MIMETYPE": "application/json",
+ "TEMPLATES_AUTO_RELOAD": None,
+ "MAX_COOKIE_SIZE": 4093,
+ }
+ )
+
+ #: The rule object to use for URL rules created. This is used by
+ #: :meth:`add_url_rule`. Defaults to :class:`werkzeug.routing.Rule`.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ url_rule_class = Rule
+
+ #: The map object to use for storing the URL rules and routing
+ #: configuration parameters. Defaults to :class:`werkzeug.routing.Map`.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 1.1.0
+ url_map_class = Map
+
+ #: the test client that is used with when `test_client` is used.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ test_client_class: t.Optional[t.Type["FlaskClient"]] = None
+
+ #: The :class:`~click.testing.CliRunner` subclass, by default
+ #: :class:`~flask.testing.FlaskCliRunner` that is used by
+ #: :meth:`test_cli_runner`. Its ``__init__`` method should take a
+ #: Flask app object as the first argument.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 1.0
+ test_cli_runner_class: t.Optional[t.Type["FlaskCliRunner"]] = None
+
+ #: the session interface to use. By default an instance of
+ #: :class:`~flask.sessions.SecureCookieSessionInterface` is used here.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.8
+ session_interface = SecureCookieSessionInterface()
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ import_name: str,
+ static_url_path: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ static_folder: t.Optional[str] = "static",
+ static_host: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ host_matching: bool = False,
+ subdomain_matching: bool = False,
+ template_folder: t.Optional[str] = "templates",
+ instance_path: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ instance_relative_config: bool = False,
+ root_path: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ ):
+ super().__init__(
+ import_name=import_name,
+ static_folder=static_folder,
+ static_url_path=static_url_path,
+ template_folder=template_folder,
+ root_path=root_path,
+ )
+
+ if instance_path is None:
+ instance_path = self.auto_find_instance_path()
+ elif not os.path.isabs(instance_path):
+ raise ValueError(
+ "If an instance path is provided it must be absolute."
+ " A relative path was given instead."
+ )
+
+ #: Holds the path to the instance folder.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.8
+ self.instance_path = instance_path
+
+ #: The configuration dictionary as :class:`Config`. This behaves
+ #: exactly like a regular dictionary but supports additional methods
+ #: to load a config from files.
+ self.config = self.make_config(instance_relative_config)
+
+ #: A list of functions that are called when :meth:`url_for` raises a
+ #: :exc:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError`. Each function registered here
+ #: is called with `error`, `endpoint` and `values`. If a function
+ #: returns ``None`` or raises a :exc:`BuildError` the next function is
+ #: tried.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.9
+ self.url_build_error_handlers: t.List[
+ t.Callable[[Exception, str, dict], str]
+ ] = []
+
+ #: A list of functions that will be called at the beginning of the
+ #: first request to this instance. To register a function, use the
+ #: :meth:`before_first_request` decorator.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.8
+ self.before_first_request_funcs: t.List[BeforeRequestCallable] = []
+
+ #: A list of functions that are called when the application context
+ #: is destroyed. Since the application context is also torn down
+ #: if the request ends this is the place to store code that disconnects
+ #: from databases.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.9
+ self.teardown_appcontext_funcs: t.List[TeardownCallable] = []
+
+ #: A list of shell context processor functions that should be run
+ #: when a shell context is created.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.11
+ self.shell_context_processors: t.List[t.Callable[[], t.Dict[str, t.Any]]] = []
+
+ #: Maps registered blueprint names to blueprint objects. The
+ #: dict retains the order the blueprints were registered in.
+ #: Blueprints can be registered multiple times, this dict does
+ #: not track how often they were attached.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ self.blueprints: t.Dict[str, "Blueprint"] = {}
+
+ #: a place where extensions can store application specific state. For
+ #: example this is where an extension could store database engines and
+ #: similar things.
+ #:
+ #: The key must match the name of the extension module. For example in
+ #: case of a "Flask-Foo" extension in `flask_foo`, the key would be
+ #: ``'foo'``.
+ #:
+ #: .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ self.extensions: dict = {}
+
+ #: The :class:`~werkzeug.routing.Map` for this instance. You can use
+ #: this to change the routing converters after the class was created
+ #: but before any routes are connected. Example::
+ #:
+ #: from werkzeug.routing import BaseConverter
+ #:
+ #: class ListConverter(BaseConverter):
+ #: def to_python(self, value):
+ #: return value.split(',')
+ #: def to_url(self, values):
+ #: return ','.join(super(ListConverter, self).to_url(value)
+ #: for value in values)
+ #:
+ #: app = Flask(__name__)
+ #: app.url_map.converters['list'] = ListConverter
+ self.url_map = self.url_map_class()
+
+ self.url_map.host_matching = host_matching
+ self.subdomain_matching = subdomain_matching
+
+ # tracks internally if the application already handled at least one
+ # request.
+ self._got_first_request = False
+ self._before_request_lock = Lock()
+
+ # Add a static route using the provided static_url_path, static_host,
+ # and static_folder if there is a configured static_folder.
+ # Note we do this without checking if static_folder exists.
+ # For one, it might be created while the server is running (e.g. during
+ # development). Also, Google App Engine stores static files somewhere
+ if self.has_static_folder:
+ assert (
+ bool(static_host) == host_matching
+ ), "Invalid static_host/host_matching combination"
+ # Use a weakref to avoid creating a reference cycle between the app
+ # and the view function (see #3761).
+ self_ref = weakref.ref(self)
+ self.add_url_rule(
+ f"{self.static_url_path}/",
+ endpoint="static",
+ host=static_host,
+ view_func=lambda **kw: self_ref().send_static_file(**kw), # type: ignore # noqa: B950
+ )
+
+ # Set the name of the Click group in case someone wants to add
+ # the app's commands to another CLI tool.
+ self.cli.name = self.name
+
+ def _is_setup_finished(self) -> bool:
+ return self.debug and self._got_first_request
+
+ @locked_cached_property
+ def name(self) -> str: # type: ignore
+ """The name of the application. This is usually the import name
+ with the difference that it's guessed from the run file if the
+ import name is main. This name is used as a display name when
+ Flask needs the name of the application. It can be set and overridden
+ to change the value.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.8
+ """
+ if self.import_name == "__main__":
+ fn = getattr(sys.modules["__main__"], "__file__", None)
+ if fn is None:
+ return "__main__"
+ return os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(fn))[0]
+ return self.import_name
+
+ @property
+ def propagate_exceptions(self) -> bool:
+ """Returns the value of the ``PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS`` configuration
+ value in case it's set, otherwise a sensible default is returned.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ """
+ rv = self.config["PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS"]
+ if rv is not None:
+ return rv
+ return self.testing or self.debug
+
+ @property
+ def preserve_context_on_exception(self) -> bool:
+ """Returns the value of the ``PRESERVE_CONTEXT_ON_EXCEPTION``
+ configuration value in case it's set, otherwise a sensible default
+ is returned.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ """
+ rv = self.config["PRESERVE_CONTEXT_ON_EXCEPTION"]
+ if rv is not None:
+ return rv
+ return self.debug
+
+ @locked_cached_property
+ def logger(self) -> logging.Logger:
+ """A standard Python :class:`~logging.Logger` for the app, with
+ the same name as :attr:`name`.
+
+ In debug mode, the logger's :attr:`~logging.Logger.level` will
+ be set to :data:`~logging.DEBUG`.
+
+ If there are no handlers configured, a default handler will be
+ added. See :doc:`/logging` for more information.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.1.0
+ The logger takes the same name as :attr:`name` rather than
+ hard-coding ``"flask.app"``.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.0.0
+ Behavior was simplified. The logger is always named
+ ``"flask.app"``. The level is only set during configuration,
+ it doesn't check ``app.debug`` each time. Only one format is
+ used, not different ones depending on ``app.debug``. No
+ handlers are removed, and a handler is only added if no
+ handlers are already configured.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.3
+ """
+ return create_logger(self)
+
+ @locked_cached_property
+ def jinja_env(self) -> Environment:
+ """The Jinja environment used to load templates.
+
+ The environment is created the first time this property is
+ accessed. Changing :attr:`jinja_options` after that will have no
+ effect.
+ """
+ return self.create_jinja_environment()
+
+ @property
+ def got_first_request(self) -> bool:
+ """This attribute is set to ``True`` if the application started
+ handling the first request.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.8
+ """
+ return self._got_first_request
+
+ def make_config(self, instance_relative: bool = False) -> Config:
+ """Used to create the config attribute by the Flask constructor.
+ The `instance_relative` parameter is passed in from the constructor
+ of Flask (there named `instance_relative_config`) and indicates if
+ the config should be relative to the instance path or the root path
+ of the application.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.8
+ """
+ root_path = self.root_path
+ if instance_relative:
+ root_path = self.instance_path
+ defaults = dict(self.default_config)
+ defaults["ENV"] = get_env()
+ defaults["DEBUG"] = get_debug_flag()
+ return self.config_class(root_path, defaults)
+
+ def auto_find_instance_path(self) -> str:
+ """Tries to locate the instance path if it was not provided to the
+ constructor of the application class. It will basically calculate
+ the path to a folder named ``instance`` next to your main file or
+ the package.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.8
+ """
+ prefix, package_path = find_package(self.import_name)
+ if prefix is None:
+ return os.path.join(package_path, "instance")
+ return os.path.join(prefix, "var", f"{self.name}-instance")
+
+ def open_instance_resource(self, resource: str, mode: str = "rb") -> t.IO[t.AnyStr]:
+ """Opens a resource from the application's instance folder
+ (:attr:`instance_path`). Otherwise works like
+ :meth:`open_resource`. Instance resources can also be opened for
+ writing.
+
+ :param resource: the name of the resource. To access resources within
+ subfolders use forward slashes as separator.
+ :param mode: resource file opening mode, default is 'rb'.
+ """
+ return open(os.path.join(self.instance_path, resource), mode)
+
+ @property
+ def templates_auto_reload(self) -> bool:
+ """Reload templates when they are changed. Used by
+ :meth:`create_jinja_environment`.
+
+ This attribute can be configured with :data:`TEMPLATES_AUTO_RELOAD`. If
+ not set, it will be enabled in debug mode.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 1.0
+ This property was added but the underlying config and behavior
+ already existed.
+ """
+ rv = self.config["TEMPLATES_AUTO_RELOAD"]
+ return rv if rv is not None else self.debug
+
+ @templates_auto_reload.setter
+ def templates_auto_reload(self, value: bool) -> None:
+ self.config["TEMPLATES_AUTO_RELOAD"] = value
+
+ def create_jinja_environment(self) -> Environment:
+ """Create the Jinja environment based on :attr:`jinja_options`
+ and the various Jinja-related methods of the app. Changing
+ :attr:`jinja_options` after this will have no effect. Also adds
+ Flask-related globals and filters to the environment.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.11
+ ``Environment.auto_reload`` set in accordance with
+ ``TEMPLATES_AUTO_RELOAD`` configuration option.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.5
+ """
+ options = dict(self.jinja_options)
+
+ if "autoescape" not in options:
+ options["autoescape"] = self.select_jinja_autoescape
+
+ if "auto_reload" not in options:
+ options["auto_reload"] = self.templates_auto_reload
+
+ rv = self.jinja_environment(self, **options)
+ rv.globals.update(
+ url_for=url_for,
+ get_flashed_messages=get_flashed_messages,
+ config=self.config,
+ # request, session and g are normally added with the
+ # context processor for efficiency reasons but for imported
+ # templates we also want the proxies in there.
+ request=request,
+ session=session,
+ g=g,
+ )
+ rv.policies["json.dumps_function"] = json.dumps
+ return rv
+
+ def create_global_jinja_loader(self) -> DispatchingJinjaLoader:
+ """Creates the loader for the Jinja2 environment. Can be used to
+ override just the loader and keeping the rest unchanged. It's
+ discouraged to override this function. Instead one should override
+ the :meth:`jinja_loader` function instead.
+
+ The global loader dispatches between the loaders of the application
+ and the individual blueprints.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ """
+ return DispatchingJinjaLoader(self)
+
+ def select_jinja_autoescape(self, filename: str) -> bool:
+ """Returns ``True`` if autoescaping should be active for the given
+ template name. If no template name is given, returns `True`.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.5
+ """
+ if filename is None:
+ return True
+ return filename.endswith((".html", ".htm", ".xml", ".xhtml"))
+
+ def update_template_context(self, context: dict) -> None:
+ """Update the template context with some commonly used variables.
+ This injects request, session, config and g into the template
+ context as well as everything template context processors want
+ to inject. Note that the as of Flask 0.6, the original values
+ in the context will not be overridden if a context processor
+ decides to return a value with the same key.
+
+ :param context: the context as a dictionary that is updated in place
+ to add extra variables.
+ """
+ funcs: t.Iterable[
+ TemplateContextProcessorCallable
+ ] = self.template_context_processors[None]
+ reqctx = _request_ctx_stack.top
+ if reqctx is not None:
+ for bp in request.blueprints:
+ if bp in self.template_context_processors:
+ funcs = chain(funcs, self.template_context_processors[bp])
+ orig_ctx = context.copy()
+ for func in funcs:
+ context.update(func())
+ # make sure the original values win. This makes it possible to
+ # easier add new variables in context processors without breaking
+ # existing views.
+ context.update(orig_ctx)
+
+ def make_shell_context(self) -> dict:
+ """Returns the shell context for an interactive shell for this
+ application. This runs all the registered shell context
+ processors.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.11
+ """
+ rv = {"app": self, "g": g}
+ for processor in self.shell_context_processors:
+ rv.update(processor())
+ return rv
+
+ #: What environment the app is running in. Flask and extensions may
+ #: enable behaviors based on the environment, such as enabling debug
+ #: mode. This maps to the :data:`ENV` config key. This is set by the
+ #: :envvar:`FLASK_ENV` environment variable and may not behave as
+ #: expected if set in code.
+ #:
+ #: **Do not enable development when deploying in production.**
+ #:
+ #: Default: ``'production'``
+ env = ConfigAttribute("ENV")
+
+ @property
+ def debug(self) -> bool:
+ """Whether debug mode is enabled. When using ``flask run`` to start
+ the development server, an interactive debugger will be shown for
+ unhandled exceptions, and the server will be reloaded when code
+ changes. This maps to the :data:`DEBUG` config key. This is
+ enabled when :attr:`env` is ``'development'`` and is overridden
+ by the ``FLASK_DEBUG`` environment variable. It may not behave as
+ expected if set in code.
+
+ **Do not enable debug mode when deploying in production.**
+
+ Default: ``True`` if :attr:`env` is ``'development'``, or
+ ``False`` otherwise.
+ """
+ return self.config["DEBUG"]
+
+ @debug.setter
+ def debug(self, value: bool) -> None:
+ self.config["DEBUG"] = value
+ self.jinja_env.auto_reload = self.templates_auto_reload
+
+ def run(
+ self,
+ host: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ port: t.Optional[int] = None,
+ debug: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ load_dotenv: bool = True,
+ **options: t.Any,
+ ) -> None:
+ """Runs the application on a local development server.
+
+ Do not use ``run()`` in a production setting. It is not intended to
+ meet security and performance requirements for a production server.
+ Instead, see :doc:`/deploying/index` for WSGI server recommendations.
+
+ If the :attr:`debug` flag is set the server will automatically reload
+ for code changes and show a debugger in case an exception happened.
+
+ If you want to run the application in debug mode, but disable the
+ code execution on the interactive debugger, you can pass
+ ``use_evalex=False`` as parameter. This will keep the debugger's
+ traceback screen active, but disable code execution.
+
+ It is not recommended to use this function for development with
+ automatic reloading as this is badly supported. Instead you should
+ be using the :command:`flask` command line script's ``run`` support.
+
+ .. admonition:: Keep in Mind
+
+ Flask will suppress any server error with a generic error page
+ unless it is in debug mode. As such to enable just the
+ interactive debugger without the code reloading, you have to
+ invoke :meth:`run` with ``debug=True`` and ``use_reloader=False``.
+ Setting ``use_debugger`` to ``True`` without being in debug mode
+ won't catch any exceptions because there won't be any to
+ catch.
+
+ :param host: the hostname to listen on. Set this to ``'0.0.0.0'`` to
+ have the server available externally as well. Defaults to
+ ``'127.0.0.1'`` or the host in the ``SERVER_NAME`` config variable
+ if present.
+ :param port: the port of the webserver. Defaults to ``5000`` or the
+ port defined in the ``SERVER_NAME`` config variable if present.
+ :param debug: if given, enable or disable debug mode. See
+ :attr:`debug`.
+ :param load_dotenv: Load the nearest :file:`.env` and :file:`.flaskenv`
+ files to set environment variables. Will also change the working
+ directory to the directory containing the first file found.
+ :param options: the options to be forwarded to the underlying Werkzeug
+ server. See :func:`werkzeug.serving.run_simple` for more
+ information.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+ If installed, python-dotenv will be used to load environment
+ variables from :file:`.env` and :file:`.flaskenv` files.
+
+ If set, the :envvar:`FLASK_ENV` and :envvar:`FLASK_DEBUG`
+ environment variables will override :attr:`env` and
+ :attr:`debug`.
+
+ Threaded mode is enabled by default.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.10
+ The default port is now picked from the ``SERVER_NAME``
+ variable.
+ """
+ # Change this into a no-op if the server is invoked from the
+ # command line. Have a look at cli.py for more information.
+ if os.environ.get("FLASK_RUN_FROM_CLI") == "true":
+ from .debughelpers import explain_ignored_app_run
+
+ explain_ignored_app_run()
+ return
+
+ if get_load_dotenv(load_dotenv):
+ cli.load_dotenv()
+
+ # if set, let env vars override previous values
+ if "FLASK_ENV" in os.environ:
+ self.env = get_env()
+ self.debug = get_debug_flag()
+ elif "FLASK_DEBUG" in os.environ:
+ self.debug = get_debug_flag()
+
+ # debug passed to method overrides all other sources
+ if debug is not None:
+ self.debug = bool(debug)
+
+ server_name = self.config.get("SERVER_NAME")
+ sn_host = sn_port = None
+
+ if server_name:
+ sn_host, _, sn_port = server_name.partition(":")
+
+ if not host:
+ if sn_host:
+ host = sn_host
+ else:
+ host = "127.0.0.1"
+
+ if port or port == 0:
+ port = int(port)
+ elif sn_port:
+ port = int(sn_port)
+ else:
+ port = 5000
+
+ options.setdefault("use_reloader", self.debug)
+ options.setdefault("use_debugger", self.debug)
+ options.setdefault("threaded", True)
+
+ cli.show_server_banner(self.env, self.debug, self.name, False)
+
+ from werkzeug.serving import run_simple
+
+ try:
+ run_simple(t.cast(str, host), port, self, **options)
+ finally:
+ # reset the first request information if the development server
+ # reset normally. This makes it possible to restart the server
+ # without reloader and that stuff from an interactive shell.
+ self._got_first_request = False
+
+ def test_client(self, use_cookies: bool = True, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "FlaskClient":
+ """Creates a test client for this application. For information
+ about unit testing head over to :doc:`/testing`.
+
+ Note that if you are testing for assertions or exceptions in your
+ application code, you must set ``app.testing = True`` in order for the
+ exceptions to propagate to the test client. Otherwise, the exception
+ will be handled by the application (not visible to the test client) and
+ the only indication of an AssertionError or other exception will be a
+ 500 status code response to the test client. See the :attr:`testing`
+ attribute. For example::
+
+ app.testing = True
+ client = app.test_client()
+
+ The test client can be used in a ``with`` block to defer the closing down
+ of the context until the end of the ``with`` block. This is useful if
+ you want to access the context locals for testing::
+
+ with app.test_client() as c:
+ rv = c.get('/?vodka=42')
+ assert request.args['vodka'] == '42'
+
+ Additionally, you may pass optional keyword arguments that will then
+ be passed to the application's :attr:`test_client_class` constructor.
+ For example::
+
+ from flask.testing import FlaskClient
+
+ class CustomClient(FlaskClient):
+ def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+ self._authentication = kwargs.pop("authentication")
+ super(CustomClient,self).__init__( *args, **kwargs)
+
+ app.test_client_class = CustomClient
+ client = app.test_client(authentication='Basic ....')
+
+ See :class:`~flask.testing.FlaskClient` for more information.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.4
+ added support for ``with`` block usage for the client.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ The `use_cookies` parameter was added as well as the ability
+ to override the client to be used by setting the
+ :attr:`test_client_class` attribute.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.11
+ Added `**kwargs` to support passing additional keyword arguments to
+ the constructor of :attr:`test_client_class`.
+ """
+ cls = self.test_client_class
+ if cls is None:
+ from .testing import FlaskClient as cls # type: ignore
+ return cls( # type: ignore
+ self, self.response_class, use_cookies=use_cookies, **kwargs
+ )
+
+ def test_cli_runner(self, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "FlaskCliRunner":
+ """Create a CLI runner for testing CLI commands.
+ See :ref:`testing-cli`.
+
+ Returns an instance of :attr:`test_cli_runner_class`, by default
+ :class:`~flask.testing.FlaskCliRunner`. The Flask app object is
+ passed as the first argument.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 1.0
+ """
+ cls = self.test_cli_runner_class
+
+ if cls is None:
+ from .testing import FlaskCliRunner as cls # type: ignore
+
+ return cls(self, **kwargs) # type: ignore
+
+ @setupmethod
+ def register_blueprint(self, blueprint: "Blueprint", **options: t.Any) -> None:
+ """Register a :class:`~flask.Blueprint` on the application. Keyword
+ arguments passed to this method will override the defaults set on the
+ blueprint.
+
+ Calls the blueprint's :meth:`~flask.Blueprint.register` method after
+ recording the blueprint in the application's :attr:`blueprints`.
+
+ :param blueprint: The blueprint to register.
+ :param url_prefix: Blueprint routes will be prefixed with this.
+ :param subdomain: Blueprint routes will match on this subdomain.
+ :param url_defaults: Blueprint routes will use these default values for
+ view arguments.
+ :param options: Additional keyword arguments are passed to
+ :class:`~flask.blueprints.BlueprintSetupState`. They can be
+ accessed in :meth:`~flask.Blueprint.record` callbacks.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0.1
+ The ``name`` option can be used to change the (pre-dotted)
+ name the blueprint is registered with. This allows the same
+ blueprint to be registered multiple times with unique names
+ for ``url_for``.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ """
+ blueprint.register(self, options)
+
+ def iter_blueprints(self) -> t.ValuesView["Blueprint"]:
+ """Iterates over all blueprints by the order they were registered.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.11
+ """
+ return self.blueprints.values()
+
+ @setupmethod
+ def add_url_rule(
+ self,
+ rule: str,
+ endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ view_func: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
+ provide_automatic_options: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ **options: t.Any,
+ ) -> None:
+ if endpoint is None:
+ endpoint = _endpoint_from_view_func(view_func) # type: ignore
+ options["endpoint"] = endpoint
+ methods = options.pop("methods", None)
+
+ # if the methods are not given and the view_func object knows its
+ # methods we can use that instead. If neither exists, we go with
+ # a tuple of only ``GET`` as default.
+ if methods is None:
+ methods = getattr(view_func, "methods", None) or ("GET",)
+ if isinstance(methods, str):
+ raise TypeError(
+ "Allowed methods must be a list of strings, for"
+ ' example: @app.route(..., methods=["POST"])'
+ )
+ methods = {item.upper() for item in methods}
+
+ # Methods that should always be added
+ required_methods = set(getattr(view_func, "required_methods", ()))
+
+ # starting with Flask 0.8 the view_func object can disable and
+ # force-enable the automatic options handling.
+ if provide_automatic_options is None:
+ provide_automatic_options = getattr(
+ view_func, "provide_automatic_options", None
+ )
+
+ if provide_automatic_options is None:
+ if "OPTIONS" not in methods:
+ provide_automatic_options = True
+ required_methods.add("OPTIONS")
+ else:
+ provide_automatic_options = False
+
+ # Add the required methods now.
+ methods |= required_methods
+
+ rule = self.url_rule_class(rule, methods=methods, **options)
+ rule.provide_automatic_options = provide_automatic_options # type: ignore
+
+ self.url_map.add(rule)
+ if view_func is not None:
+ old_func = self.view_functions.get(endpoint)
+ if old_func is not None and old_func != view_func:
+ raise AssertionError(
+ "View function mapping is overwriting an existing"
+ f" endpoint function: {endpoint}"
+ )
+ self.view_functions[endpoint] = view_func
+
+ @setupmethod
+ def template_filter(
+ self, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+ ) -> t.Callable[[TemplateFilterCallable], TemplateFilterCallable]:
+ """A decorator that is used to register custom template filter.
+ You can specify a name for the filter, otherwise the function
+ name will be used. Example::
+
+ @app.template_filter()
+ def reverse(s):
+ return s[::-1]
+
+ :param name: the optional name of the filter, otherwise the
+ function name will be used.
+ """
+
+ def decorator(f: TemplateFilterCallable) -> TemplateFilterCallable:
+ self.add_template_filter(f, name=name)
+ return f
+
+ return decorator
+
+ @setupmethod
+ def add_template_filter(
+ self, f: TemplateFilterCallable, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+ ) -> None:
+ """Register a custom template filter. Works exactly like the
+ :meth:`template_filter` decorator.
+
+ :param name: the optional name of the filter, otherwise the
+ function name will be used.
+ """
+ self.jinja_env.filters[name or f.__name__] = f
+
+ @setupmethod
+ def template_test(
+ self, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+ ) -> t.Callable[[TemplateTestCallable], TemplateTestCallable]:
+ """A decorator that is used to register custom template test.
+ You can specify a name for the test, otherwise the function
+ name will be used. Example::
+
+ @app.template_test()
+ def is_prime(n):
+ if n == 2:
+ return True
+ for i in range(2, int(math.ceil(math.sqrt(n))) + 1):
+ if n % i == 0:
+ return False
+ return True
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+ :param name: the optional name of the test, otherwise the
+ function name will be used.
+ """
+
+ def decorator(f: TemplateTestCallable) -> TemplateTestCallable:
+ self.add_template_test(f, name=name)
+ return f
+
+ return decorator
+
+ @setupmethod
+ def add_template_test(
+ self, f: TemplateTestCallable, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+ ) -> None:
+ """Register a custom template test. Works exactly like the
+ :meth:`template_test` decorator.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+ :param name: the optional name of the test, otherwise the
+ function name will be used.
+ """
+ self.jinja_env.tests[name or f.__name__] = f
+
+ @setupmethod
+ def template_global(
+ self, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+ ) -> t.Callable[[TemplateGlobalCallable], TemplateGlobalCallable]:
+ """A decorator that is used to register a custom template global function.
+ You can specify a name for the global function, otherwise the function
+ name will be used. Example::
+
+ @app.template_global()
+ def double(n):
+ return 2 * n
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+ :param name: the optional name of the global function, otherwise the
+ function name will be used.
+ """
+
+ def decorator(f: TemplateGlobalCallable) -> TemplateGlobalCallable:
+ self.add_template_global(f, name=name)
+ return f
+
+ return decorator
+
+ @setupmethod
+ def add_template_global(
+ self, f: TemplateGlobalCallable, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+ ) -> None:
+ """Register a custom template global function. Works exactly like the
+ :meth:`template_global` decorator.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+ :param name: the optional name of the global function, otherwise the
+ function name will be used.
+ """
+ self.jinja_env.globals[name or f.__name__] = f
+
+ @setupmethod
+ def before_first_request(self, f: BeforeRequestCallable) -> BeforeRequestCallable:
+ """Registers a function to be run before the first request to this
+ instance of the application.
+
+ The function will be called without any arguments and its return
+ value is ignored.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.8
+ """
+ self.before_first_request_funcs.append(f)
+ return f
+
+ @setupmethod
+ def teardown_appcontext(self, f: TeardownCallable) -> TeardownCallable:
+ """Registers a function to be called when the application context
+ ends. These functions are typically also called when the request
+ context is popped.
+
+ Example::
+
+ ctx = app.app_context()
+ ctx.push()
+ ...
+ ctx.pop()
+
+ When ``ctx.pop()`` is executed in the above example, the teardown
+ functions are called just before the app context moves from the
+ stack of active contexts. This becomes relevant if you are using
+ such constructs in tests.
+
+ Since a request context typically also manages an application
+ context it would also be called when you pop a request context.
+
+ When a teardown function was called because of an unhandled exception
+ it will be passed an error object. If an :meth:`errorhandler` is
+ registered, it will handle the exception and the teardown will not
+ receive it.
+
+ The return values of teardown functions are ignored.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.9
+ """
+ self.teardown_appcontext_funcs.append(f)
+ return f
+
+ @setupmethod
+ def shell_context_processor(self, f: t.Callable) -> t.Callable:
+ """Registers a shell context processor function.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.11
+ """
+ self.shell_context_processors.append(f)
+ return f
+
+ def _find_error_handler(self, e: Exception) -> t.Optional[ErrorHandlerCallable]:
+ """Return a registered error handler for an exception in this order:
+ blueprint handler for a specific code, app handler for a specific code,
+ blueprint handler for an exception class, app handler for an exception
+ class, or ``None`` if a suitable handler is not found.
+ """
+ exc_class, code = self._get_exc_class_and_code(type(e))
+
+ for c in [code, None]:
+ for name in chain(request.blueprints, [None]):
+ handler_map = self.error_handler_spec[name][c]
+
+ if not handler_map:
+ continue
+
+ for cls in exc_class.__mro__:
+ handler = handler_map.get(cls)
+
+ if handler is not None:
+ return handler
+ return None
+
+ def handle_http_exception(
+ self, e: HTTPException
+ ) -> t.Union[HTTPException, ResponseReturnValue]:
+ """Handles an HTTP exception. By default this will invoke the
+ registered error handlers and fall back to returning the
+ exception as response.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.0.3
+ ``RoutingException``, used internally for actions such as
+ slash redirects during routing, is not passed to error
+ handlers.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+ Exceptions are looked up by code *and* by MRO, so
+ ``HTTPExcpetion`` subclasses can be handled with a catch-all
+ handler for the base ``HTTPException``.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.3
+ """
+ # Proxy exceptions don't have error codes. We want to always return
+ # those unchanged as errors
+ if e.code is None:
+ return e
+
+ # RoutingExceptions are used internally to trigger routing
+ # actions, such as slash redirects raising RequestRedirect. They
+ # are not raised or handled in user code.
+ if isinstance(e, RoutingException):
+ return e
+
+ handler = self._find_error_handler(e)
+ if handler is None:
+ return e
+ return self.ensure_sync(handler)(e)
+
+ def trap_http_exception(self, e: Exception) -> bool:
+ """Checks if an HTTP exception should be trapped or not. By default
+ this will return ``False`` for all exceptions except for a bad request
+ key error if ``TRAP_BAD_REQUEST_ERRORS`` is set to ``True``. It
+ also returns ``True`` if ``TRAP_HTTP_EXCEPTIONS`` is set to ``True``.
+
+ This is called for all HTTP exceptions raised by a view function.
+ If it returns ``True`` for any exception the error handler for this
+ exception is not called and it shows up as regular exception in the
+ traceback. This is helpful for debugging implicitly raised HTTP
+ exceptions.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+ Bad request errors are not trapped by default in debug mode.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.8
+ """
+ if self.config["TRAP_HTTP_EXCEPTIONS"]:
+ return True
+
+ trap_bad_request = self.config["TRAP_BAD_REQUEST_ERRORS"]
+
+ # if unset, trap key errors in debug mode
+ if (
+ trap_bad_request is None
+ and self.debug
+ and isinstance(e, BadRequestKeyError)
+ ):
+ return True
+
+ if trap_bad_request:
+ return isinstance(e, BadRequest)
+
+ return False
+
+ def handle_user_exception(
+ self, e: Exception
+ ) -> t.Union[HTTPException, ResponseReturnValue]:
+ """This method is called whenever an exception occurs that
+ should be handled. A special case is :class:`~werkzeug
+ .exceptions.HTTPException` which is forwarded to the
+ :meth:`handle_http_exception` method. This function will either
+ return a response value or reraise the exception with the same
+ traceback.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+ Key errors raised from request data like ``form`` show the
+ bad key in debug mode rather than a generic bad request
+ message.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ """
+ if isinstance(e, BadRequestKeyError) and (
+ self.debug or self.config["TRAP_BAD_REQUEST_ERRORS"]
+ ):
+ e.show_exception = True
+
+ if isinstance(e, HTTPException) and not self.trap_http_exception(e):
+ return self.handle_http_exception(e)
+
+ handler = self._find_error_handler(e)
+
+ if handler is None:
+ raise
+
+ return self.ensure_sync(handler)(e)
+
+ def handle_exception(self, e: Exception) -> Response:
+ """Handle an exception that did not have an error handler
+ associated with it, or that was raised from an error handler.
+ This always causes a 500 ``InternalServerError``.
+
+ Always sends the :data:`got_request_exception` signal.
+
+ If :attr:`propagate_exceptions` is ``True``, such as in debug
+ mode, the error will be re-raised so that the debugger can
+ display it. Otherwise, the original exception is logged, and
+ an :exc:`~werkzeug.exceptions.InternalServerError` is returned.
+
+ If an error handler is registered for ``InternalServerError`` or
+ ``500``, it will be used. For consistency, the handler will
+ always receive the ``InternalServerError``. The original
+ unhandled exception is available as ``e.original_exception``.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.1.0
+ Always passes the ``InternalServerError`` instance to the
+ handler, setting ``original_exception`` to the unhandled
+ error.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.1.0
+ ``after_request`` functions and other finalization is done
+ even for the default 500 response when there is no handler.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.3
+ """
+ exc_info = sys.exc_info()
+ got_request_exception.send(self, exception=e)
+
+ if self.propagate_exceptions:
+ # Re-raise if called with an active exception, otherwise
+ # raise the passed in exception.
+ if exc_info[1] is e:
+ raise
+
+ raise e
+
+ self.log_exception(exc_info)
+ server_error: t.Union[InternalServerError, ResponseReturnValue]
+ server_error = InternalServerError(original_exception=e)
+ handler = self._find_error_handler(server_error)
+
+ if handler is not None:
+ server_error = self.ensure_sync(handler)(server_error)
+
+ return self.finalize_request(server_error, from_error_handler=True)
+
+ def log_exception(
+ self,
+ exc_info: t.Union[
+ t.Tuple[type, BaseException, TracebackType], t.Tuple[None, None, None]
+ ],
+ ) -> None:
+ """Logs an exception. This is called by :meth:`handle_exception`
+ if debugging is disabled and right before the handler is called.
+ The default implementation logs the exception as error on the
+ :attr:`logger`.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.8
+ """
+ self.logger.error(
+ f"Exception on {request.path} [{request.method}]", exc_info=exc_info
+ )
+
+ def raise_routing_exception(self, request: Request) -> "te.NoReturn":
+ """Exceptions that are recording during routing are reraised with
+ this method. During debug we are not reraising redirect requests
+ for non ``GET``, ``HEAD``, or ``OPTIONS`` requests and we're raising
+ a different error instead to help debug situations.
+
+ :internal:
+ """
+ if (
+ not self.debug
+ or not isinstance(request.routing_exception, RequestRedirect)
+ or request.method in ("GET", "HEAD", "OPTIONS")
+ ):
+ raise request.routing_exception # type: ignore
+
+ from .debughelpers import FormDataRoutingRedirect
+
+ raise FormDataRoutingRedirect(request)
+
+ def dispatch_request(self) -> ResponseReturnValue:
+ """Does the request dispatching. Matches the URL and returns the
+ return value of the view or error handler. This does not have to
+ be a response object. In order to convert the return value to a
+ proper response object, call :func:`make_response`.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.7
+ This no longer does the exception handling, this code was
+ moved to the new :meth:`full_dispatch_request`.
+ """
+ req = _request_ctx_stack.top.request
+ if req.routing_exception is not None:
+ self.raise_routing_exception(req)
+ rule = req.url_rule
+ # if we provide automatic options for this URL and the
+ # request came with the OPTIONS method, reply automatically
+ if (
+ getattr(rule, "provide_automatic_options", False)
+ and req.method == "OPTIONS"
+ ):
+ return self.make_default_options_response()
+ # otherwise dispatch to the handler for that endpoint
+ return self.ensure_sync(self.view_functions[rule.endpoint])(**req.view_args)
+
+ def full_dispatch_request(self) -> Response:
+ """Dispatches the request and on top of that performs request
+ pre and postprocessing as well as HTTP exception catching and
+ error handling.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ """
+ self.try_trigger_before_first_request_functions()
+ try:
+ request_started.send(self)
+ rv = self.preprocess_request()
+ if rv is None:
+ rv = self.dispatch_request()
+ except Exception as e:
+ rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
+ return self.finalize_request(rv)
+
+ def finalize_request(
+ self,
+ rv: t.Union[ResponseReturnValue, HTTPException],
+ from_error_handler: bool = False,
+ ) -> Response:
+ """Given the return value from a view function this finalizes
+ the request by converting it into a response and invoking the
+ postprocessing functions. This is invoked for both normal
+ request dispatching as well as error handlers.
+
+ Because this means that it might be called as a result of a
+ failure a special safe mode is available which can be enabled
+ with the `from_error_handler` flag. If enabled, failures in
+ response processing will be logged and otherwise ignored.
+
+ :internal:
+ """
+ response = self.make_response(rv)
+ try:
+ response = self.process_response(response)
+ request_finished.send(self, response=response)
+ except Exception:
+ if not from_error_handler:
+ raise
+ self.logger.exception(
+ "Request finalizing failed with an error while handling an error"
+ )
+ return response
+
+ def try_trigger_before_first_request_functions(self) -> None:
+ """Called before each request and will ensure that it triggers
+ the :attr:`before_first_request_funcs` and only exactly once per
+ application instance (which means process usually).
+
+ :internal:
+ """
+ if self._got_first_request:
+ return
+ with self._before_request_lock:
+ if self._got_first_request:
+ return
+ for func in self.before_first_request_funcs:
+ self.ensure_sync(func)()
+ self._got_first_request = True
+
+ def make_default_options_response(self) -> Response:
+ """This method is called to create the default ``OPTIONS`` response.
+ This can be changed through subclassing to change the default
+ behavior of ``OPTIONS`` responses.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ """
+ adapter = _request_ctx_stack.top.url_adapter
+ methods = adapter.allowed_methods()
+ rv = self.response_class()
+ rv.allow.update(methods)
+ return rv
+
+ def should_ignore_error(self, error: t.Optional[BaseException]) -> bool:
+ """This is called to figure out if an error should be ignored
+ or not as far as the teardown system is concerned. If this
+ function returns ``True`` then the teardown handlers will not be
+ passed the error.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.10
+ """
+ return False
+
+ def ensure_sync(self, func: t.Callable) -> t.Callable:
+ """Ensure that the function is synchronous for WSGI workers.
+ Plain ``def`` functions are returned as-is. ``async def``
+ functions are wrapped to run and wait for the response.
+
+ Override this method to change how the app runs async views.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+ """
+ if iscoroutinefunction(func):
+ return self.async_to_sync(func)
+
+ return func
+
+ def async_to_sync(
+ self, func: t.Callable[..., t.Coroutine]
+ ) -> t.Callable[..., t.Any]:
+ """Return a sync function that will run the coroutine function.
+
+ .. code-block:: python
+
+ result = app.async_to_sync(func)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ Override this method to change how the app converts async code
+ to be synchronously callable.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+ """
+ try:
+ from asgiref.sync import async_to_sync as asgiref_async_to_sync
+ except ImportError:
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ "Install Flask with the 'async' extra in order to use async views."
+ )
+
+ # Check that Werkzeug isn't using its fallback ContextVar class.
+ if ContextVar.__module__ == "werkzeug.local":
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ "Async cannot be used with this combination of Python "
+ "and Greenlet versions."
+ )
+
+ return asgiref_async_to_sync(func)
+
+ def make_response(self, rv: ResponseReturnValue) -> Response:
+ """Convert the return value from a view function to an instance of
+ :attr:`response_class`.
+
+ :param rv: the return value from the view function. The view function
+ must return a response. Returning ``None``, or the view ending
+ without returning, is not allowed. The following types are allowed
+ for ``view_rv``:
+
+ ``str``
+ A response object is created with the string encoded to UTF-8
+ as the body.
+
+ ``bytes``
+ A response object is created with the bytes as the body.
+
+ ``dict``
+ A dictionary that will be jsonify'd before being returned.
+
+ ``tuple``
+ Either ``(body, status, headers)``, ``(body, status)``, or
+ ``(body, headers)``, where ``body`` is any of the other types
+ allowed here, ``status`` is a string or an integer, and
+ ``headers`` is a dictionary or a list of ``(key, value)``
+ tuples. If ``body`` is a :attr:`response_class` instance,
+ ``status`` overwrites the exiting value and ``headers`` are
+ extended.
+
+ :attr:`response_class`
+ The object is returned unchanged.
+
+ other :class:`~werkzeug.wrappers.Response` class
+ The object is coerced to :attr:`response_class`.
+
+ :func:`callable`
+ The function is called as a WSGI application. The result is
+ used to create a response object.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+ Previously a tuple was interpreted as the arguments for the
+ response object.
+ """
+
+ status = headers = None
+
+ # unpack tuple returns
+ if isinstance(rv, tuple):
+ len_rv = len(rv)
+
+ # a 3-tuple is unpacked directly
+ if len_rv == 3:
+ rv, status, headers = rv
+ # decide if a 2-tuple has status or headers
+ elif len_rv == 2:
+ if isinstance(rv[1], (Headers, dict, tuple, list)):
+ rv, headers = rv
+ else:
+ rv, status = rv
+ # other sized tuples are not allowed
+ else:
+ raise TypeError(
+ "The view function did not return a valid response tuple."
+ " The tuple must have the form (body, status, headers),"
+ " (body, status), or (body, headers)."
+ )
+
+ # the body must not be None
+ if rv is None:
+ raise TypeError(
+ f"The view function for {request.endpoint!r} did not"
+ " return a valid response. The function either returned"
+ " None or ended without a return statement."
+ )
+
+ # make sure the body is an instance of the response class
+ if not isinstance(rv, self.response_class):
+ if isinstance(rv, (str, bytes, bytearray)):
+ # let the response class set the status and headers instead of
+ # waiting to do it manually, so that the class can handle any
+ # special logic
+ rv = self.response_class(rv, status=status, headers=headers)
+ status = headers = None
+ elif isinstance(rv, dict):
+ rv = jsonify(rv)
+ elif isinstance(rv, BaseResponse) or callable(rv):
+ # evaluate a WSGI callable, or coerce a different response
+ # class to the correct type
+ try:
+ rv = self.response_class.force_type(rv, request.environ) # type: ignore # noqa: B950
+ except TypeError as e:
+ raise TypeError(
+ f"{e}\nThe view function did not return a valid"
+ " response. The return type must be a string,"
+ " dict, tuple, Response instance, or WSGI"
+ f" callable, but it was a {type(rv).__name__}."
+ ).with_traceback(sys.exc_info()[2])
+ else:
+ raise TypeError(
+ "The view function did not return a valid"
+ " response. The return type must be a string,"
+ " dict, tuple, Response instance, or WSGI"
+ f" callable, but it was a {type(rv).__name__}."
+ )
+
+ rv = t.cast(Response, rv)
+ # prefer the status if it was provided
+ if status is not None:
+ if isinstance(status, (str, bytes, bytearray)):
+ rv.status = status # type: ignore
+ else:
+ rv.status_code = status
+
+ # extend existing headers with provided headers
+ if headers:
+ rv.headers.update(headers)
+
+ return rv
+
+ def create_url_adapter(
+ self, request: t.Optional[Request]
+ ) -> t.Optional[MapAdapter]:
+ """Creates a URL adapter for the given request. The URL adapter
+ is created at a point where the request context is not yet set
+ up so the request is passed explicitly.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.6
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+ This can now also be called without a request object when the
+ URL adapter is created for the application context.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+ :data:`SERVER_NAME` no longer implicitly enables subdomain
+ matching. Use :attr:`subdomain_matching` instead.
+ """
+ if request is not None:
+ # If subdomain matching is disabled (the default), use the
+ # default subdomain in all cases. This should be the default
+ # in Werkzeug but it currently does not have that feature.
+ if not self.subdomain_matching:
+ subdomain = self.url_map.default_subdomain or None
+ else:
+ subdomain = None
+
+ return self.url_map.bind_to_environ(
+ request.environ,
+ server_name=self.config["SERVER_NAME"],
+ subdomain=subdomain,
+ )
+ # We need at the very least the server name to be set for this
+ # to work.
+ if self.config["SERVER_NAME"] is not None:
+ return self.url_map.bind(
+ self.config["SERVER_NAME"],
+ script_name=self.config["APPLICATION_ROOT"],
+ url_scheme=self.config["PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME"],
+ )
+
+ return None
+
+ def inject_url_defaults(self, endpoint: str, values: dict) -> None:
+ """Injects the URL defaults for the given endpoint directly into
+ the values dictionary passed. This is used internally and
+ automatically called on URL building.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ """
+ funcs: t.Iterable[URLDefaultCallable] = self.url_default_functions[None]
+
+ if "." in endpoint:
+ # This is called by url_for, which can be called outside a
+ # request, can't use request.blueprints.
+ bps = _split_blueprint_path(endpoint.rpartition(".")[0])
+ bp_funcs = chain.from_iterable(self.url_default_functions[bp] for bp in bps)
+ funcs = chain(funcs, bp_funcs)
+
+ for func in funcs:
+ func(endpoint, values)
+
+ def handle_url_build_error(
+ self, error: Exception, endpoint: str, values: dict
+ ) -> str:
+ """Handle :class:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError` on
+ :meth:`url_for`.
+ """
+ for handler in self.url_build_error_handlers:
+ try:
+ rv = handler(error, endpoint, values)
+ except BuildError as e:
+ # make error available outside except block
+ error = e
+ else:
+ if rv is not None:
+ return rv
+
+ # Re-raise if called with an active exception, otherwise raise
+ # the passed in exception.
+ if error is sys.exc_info()[1]:
+ raise
+
+ raise error
+
+ def preprocess_request(self) -> t.Optional[ResponseReturnValue]:
+ """Called before the request is dispatched. Calls
+ :attr:`url_value_preprocessors` registered with the app and the
+ current blueprint (if any). Then calls :attr:`before_request_funcs`
+ registered with the app and the blueprint.
+
+ If any :meth:`before_request` handler returns a non-None value, the
+ value is handled as if it was the return value from the view, and
+ further request handling is stopped.
+ """
+
+ funcs: t.Iterable[URLValuePreprocessorCallable] = self.url_value_preprocessors[
+ None
+ ]
+ for bp in request.blueprints:
+ if bp in self.url_value_preprocessors:
+ funcs = chain(funcs, self.url_value_preprocessors[bp])
+ for func in funcs:
+ func(request.endpoint, request.view_args)
+
+ funcs: t.Iterable[BeforeRequestCallable] = self.before_request_funcs[None]
+ for bp in request.blueprints:
+ if bp in self.before_request_funcs:
+ funcs = chain(funcs, self.before_request_funcs[bp])
+ for func in funcs:
+ rv = self.ensure_sync(func)()
+ if rv is not None:
+ return rv
+
+ return None
+
+ def process_response(self, response: Response) -> Response:
+ """Can be overridden in order to modify the response object
+ before it's sent to the WSGI server. By default this will
+ call all the :meth:`after_request` decorated functions.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+ As of Flask 0.5 the functions registered for after request
+ execution are called in reverse order of registration.
+
+ :param response: a :attr:`response_class` object.
+ :return: a new response object or the same, has to be an
+ instance of :attr:`response_class`.
+ """
+ ctx = _request_ctx_stack.top
+ funcs: t.Iterable[AfterRequestCallable] = ctx._after_request_functions
+ for bp in request.blueprints:
+ if bp in self.after_request_funcs:
+ funcs = chain(funcs, reversed(self.after_request_funcs[bp]))
+ if None in self.after_request_funcs:
+ funcs = chain(funcs, reversed(self.after_request_funcs[None]))
+ for handler in funcs:
+ response = self.ensure_sync(handler)(response)
+ if not self.session_interface.is_null_session(ctx.session):
+ self.session_interface.save_session(self, ctx.session, response)
+ return response
+
+ def do_teardown_request(
+ self, exc: t.Optional[BaseException] = _sentinel # type: ignore
+ ) -> None:
+ """Called after the request is dispatched and the response is
+ returned, right before the request context is popped.
+
+ This calls all functions decorated with
+ :meth:`teardown_request`, and :meth:`Blueprint.teardown_request`
+ if a blueprint handled the request. Finally, the
+ :data:`request_tearing_down` signal is sent.
+
+ This is called by
+ :meth:`RequestContext.pop() `,
+ which may be delayed during testing to maintain access to
+ resources.
+
+ :param exc: An unhandled exception raised while dispatching the
+ request. Detected from the current exception information if
+ not passed. Passed to each teardown function.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+ Added the ``exc`` argument.
+ """
+ if exc is _sentinel:
+ exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
+ funcs: t.Iterable[TeardownCallable] = reversed(
+ self.teardown_request_funcs[None]
+ )
+ for bp in request.blueprints:
+ if bp in self.teardown_request_funcs:
+ funcs = chain(funcs, reversed(self.teardown_request_funcs[bp]))
+ for func in funcs:
+ self.ensure_sync(func)(exc)
+ request_tearing_down.send(self, exc=exc)
+
+ def do_teardown_appcontext(
+ self, exc: t.Optional[BaseException] = _sentinel # type: ignore
+ ) -> None:
+ """Called right before the application context is popped.
+
+ When handling a request, the application context is popped
+ after the request context. See :meth:`do_teardown_request`.
+
+ This calls all functions decorated with
+ :meth:`teardown_appcontext`. Then the
+ :data:`appcontext_tearing_down` signal is sent.
+
+ This is called by
+ :meth:`AppContext.pop() `.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.9
+ """
+ if exc is _sentinel:
+ exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
+ for func in reversed(self.teardown_appcontext_funcs):
+ self.ensure_sync(func)(exc)
+ appcontext_tearing_down.send(self, exc=exc)
+
+ def app_context(self) -> AppContext:
+ """Create an :class:`~flask.ctx.AppContext`. Use as a ``with``
+ block to push the context, which will make :data:`current_app`
+ point at this application.
+
+ An application context is automatically pushed by
+ :meth:`RequestContext.push() `
+ when handling a request, and when running a CLI command. Use
+ this to manually create a context outside of these situations.
+
+ ::
+
+ with app.app_context():
+ init_db()
+
+ See :doc:`/appcontext`.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.9
+ """
+ return AppContext(self)
+
+ def request_context(self, environ: dict) -> RequestContext:
+ """Create a :class:`~flask.ctx.RequestContext` representing a
+ WSGI environment. Use a ``with`` block to push the context,
+ which will make :data:`request` point at this request.
+
+ See :doc:`/reqcontext`.
+
+ Typically you should not call this from your own code. A request
+ context is automatically pushed by the :meth:`wsgi_app` when
+ handling a request. Use :meth:`test_request_context` to create
+ an environment and context instead of this method.
+
+ :param environ: a WSGI environment
+ """
+ return RequestContext(self, environ)
+
+ def test_request_context(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> RequestContext:
+ """Create a :class:`~flask.ctx.RequestContext` for a WSGI
+ environment created from the given values. This is mostly useful
+ during testing, where you may want to run a function that uses
+ request data without dispatching a full request.
+
+ See :doc:`/reqcontext`.
+
+ Use a ``with`` block to push the context, which will make
+ :data:`request` point at the request for the created
+ environment. ::
+
+ with test_request_context(...):
+ generate_report()
+
+ When using the shell, it may be easier to push and pop the
+ context manually to avoid indentation. ::
+
+ ctx = app.test_request_context(...)
+ ctx.push()
+ ...
+ ctx.pop()
+
+ Takes the same arguments as Werkzeug's
+ :class:`~werkzeug.test.EnvironBuilder`, with some defaults from
+ the application. See the linked Werkzeug docs for most of the
+ available arguments. Flask-specific behavior is listed here.
+
+ :param path: URL path being requested.
+ :param base_url: Base URL where the app is being served, which
+ ``path`` is relative to. If not given, built from
+ :data:`PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME`, ``subdomain``,
+ :data:`SERVER_NAME`, and :data:`APPLICATION_ROOT`.
+ :param subdomain: Subdomain name to append to
+ :data:`SERVER_NAME`.
+ :param url_scheme: Scheme to use instead of
+ :data:`PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME`.
+ :param data: The request body, either as a string or a dict of
+ form keys and values.
+ :param json: If given, this is serialized as JSON and passed as
+ ``data``. Also defaults ``content_type`` to
+ ``application/json``.
+ :param args: other positional arguments passed to
+ :class:`~werkzeug.test.EnvironBuilder`.
+ :param kwargs: other keyword arguments passed to
+ :class:`~werkzeug.test.EnvironBuilder`.
+ """
+ from .testing import EnvironBuilder
+
+ builder = EnvironBuilder(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+ try:
+ return self.request_context(builder.get_environ())
+ finally:
+ builder.close()
+
+ def wsgi_app(self, environ: dict, start_response: t.Callable) -> t.Any:
+ """The actual WSGI application. This is not implemented in
+ :meth:`__call__` so that middlewares can be applied without
+ losing a reference to the app object. Instead of doing this::
+
+ app = MyMiddleware(app)
+
+ It's a better idea to do this instead::
+
+ app.wsgi_app = MyMiddleware(app.wsgi_app)
+
+ Then you still have the original application object around and
+ can continue to call methods on it.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.7
+ Teardown events for the request and app contexts are called
+ even if an unhandled error occurs. Other events may not be
+ called depending on when an error occurs during dispatch.
+ See :ref:`callbacks-and-errors`.
+
+ :param environ: A WSGI environment.
+ :param start_response: A callable accepting a status code,
+ a list of headers, and an optional exception context to
+ start the response.
+ """
+ ctx = self.request_context(environ)
+ error: t.Optional[BaseException] = None
+ try:
+ try:
+ ctx.push()
+ response = self.full_dispatch_request()
+ except Exception as e:
+ error = e
+ response = self.handle_exception(e)
+ except: # noqa: B001
+ error = sys.exc_info()[1]
+ raise
+ return response(environ, start_response)
+ finally:
+ if self.should_ignore_error(error):
+ error = None
+ ctx.auto_pop(error)
+
+ def __call__(self, environ: dict, start_response: t.Callable) -> t.Any:
+ """The WSGI server calls the Flask application object as the
+ WSGI application. This calls :meth:`wsgi_app`, which can be
+ wrapped to apply middleware.
+ """
+ return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/blueprints.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/blueprints.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f3913b30c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/blueprints.py
@@ -0,0 +1,603 @@
+import typing as t
+from collections import defaultdict
+from functools import update_wrapper
+
+from .scaffold import _endpoint_from_view_func
+from .scaffold import _sentinel
+from .scaffold import Scaffold
+from .typing import AfterRequestCallable
+from .typing import BeforeRequestCallable
+from .typing import ErrorHandlerCallable
+from .typing import TeardownCallable
+from .typing import TemplateContextProcessorCallable
+from .typing import TemplateFilterCallable
+from .typing import TemplateGlobalCallable
+from .typing import TemplateTestCallable
+from .typing import URLDefaultCallable
+from .typing import URLValuePreprocessorCallable
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+ from .app import Flask
+
+DeferredSetupFunction = t.Callable[["BlueprintSetupState"], t.Callable]
+
+
+class BlueprintSetupState:
+ """Temporary holder object for registering a blueprint with the
+ application. An instance of this class is created by the
+ :meth:`~flask.Blueprint.make_setup_state` method and later passed
+ to all register callback functions.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ blueprint: "Blueprint",
+ app: "Flask",
+ options: t.Any,
+ first_registration: bool,
+ ) -> None:
+ #: a reference to the current application
+ self.app = app
+
+ #: a reference to the blueprint that created this setup state.
+ self.blueprint = blueprint
+
+ #: a dictionary with all options that were passed to the
+ #: :meth:`~flask.Flask.register_blueprint` method.
+ self.options = options
+
+ #: as blueprints can be registered multiple times with the
+ #: application and not everything wants to be registered
+ #: multiple times on it, this attribute can be used to figure
+ #: out if the blueprint was registered in the past already.
+ self.first_registration = first_registration
+
+ subdomain = self.options.get("subdomain")
+ if subdomain is None:
+ subdomain = self.blueprint.subdomain
+
+ #: The subdomain that the blueprint should be active for, ``None``
+ #: otherwise.
+ self.subdomain = subdomain
+
+ url_prefix = self.options.get("url_prefix")
+ if url_prefix is None:
+ url_prefix = self.blueprint.url_prefix
+ #: The prefix that should be used for all URLs defined on the
+ #: blueprint.
+ self.url_prefix = url_prefix
+
+ self.name = self.options.get("name", blueprint.name)
+ self.name_prefix = self.options.get("name_prefix", "")
+
+ #: A dictionary with URL defaults that is added to each and every
+ #: URL that was defined with the blueprint.
+ self.url_defaults = dict(self.blueprint.url_values_defaults)
+ self.url_defaults.update(self.options.get("url_defaults", ()))
+
+ def add_url_rule(
+ self,
+ rule: str,
+ endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ view_func: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
+ **options: t.Any,
+ ) -> None:
+ """A helper method to register a rule (and optionally a view function)
+ to the application. The endpoint is automatically prefixed with the
+ blueprint's name.
+ """
+ if self.url_prefix is not None:
+ if rule:
+ rule = "/".join((self.url_prefix.rstrip("/"), rule.lstrip("/")))
+ else:
+ rule = self.url_prefix
+ options.setdefault("subdomain", self.subdomain)
+ if endpoint is None:
+ endpoint = _endpoint_from_view_func(view_func) # type: ignore
+ defaults = self.url_defaults
+ if "defaults" in options:
+ defaults = dict(defaults, **options.pop("defaults"))
+
+ self.app.add_url_rule(
+ rule,
+ f"{self.name_prefix}.{self.name}.{endpoint}".lstrip("."),
+ view_func,
+ defaults=defaults,
+ **options,
+ )
+
+
+class Blueprint(Scaffold):
+ """Represents a blueprint, a collection of routes and other
+ app-related functions that can be registered on a real application
+ later.
+
+ A blueprint is an object that allows defining application functions
+ without requiring an application object ahead of time. It uses the
+ same decorators as :class:`~flask.Flask`, but defers the need for an
+ application by recording them for later registration.
+
+ Decorating a function with a blueprint creates a deferred function
+ that is called with :class:`~flask.blueprints.BlueprintSetupState`
+ when the blueprint is registered on an application.
+
+ See :doc:`/blueprints` for more information.
+
+ :param name: The name of the blueprint. Will be prepended to each
+ endpoint name.
+ :param import_name: The name of the blueprint package, usually
+ ``__name__``. This helps locate the ``root_path`` for the
+ blueprint.
+ :param static_folder: A folder with static files that should be
+ served by the blueprint's static route. The path is relative to
+ the blueprint's root path. Blueprint static files are disabled
+ by default.
+ :param static_url_path: The url to serve static files from.
+ Defaults to ``static_folder``. If the blueprint does not have
+ a ``url_prefix``, the app's static route will take precedence,
+ and the blueprint's static files won't be accessible.
+ :param template_folder: A folder with templates that should be added
+ to the app's template search path. The path is relative to the
+ blueprint's root path. Blueprint templates are disabled by
+ default. Blueprint templates have a lower precedence than those
+ in the app's templates folder.
+ :param url_prefix: A path to prepend to all of the blueprint's URLs,
+ to make them distinct from the rest of the app's routes.
+ :param subdomain: A subdomain that blueprint routes will match on by
+ default.
+ :param url_defaults: A dict of default values that blueprint routes
+ will receive by default.
+ :param root_path: By default, the blueprint will automatically set
+ this based on ``import_name``. In certain situations this
+ automatic detection can fail, so the path can be specified
+ manually instead.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.1.0
+ Blueprints have a ``cli`` group to register nested CLI commands.
+ The ``cli_group`` parameter controls the name of the group under
+ the ``flask`` command.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ """
+
+ warn_on_modifications = False
+ _got_registered_once = False
+
+ #: Blueprint local JSON encoder class to use. Set to ``None`` to use
+ #: the app's :class:`~flask.Flask.json_encoder`.
+ json_encoder = None
+ #: Blueprint local JSON decoder class to use. Set to ``None`` to use
+ #: the app's :class:`~flask.Flask.json_decoder`.
+ json_decoder = None
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ name: str,
+ import_name: str,
+ static_folder: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ static_url_path: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ template_folder: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ url_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ subdomain: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ url_defaults: t.Optional[dict] = None,
+ root_path: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ cli_group: t.Optional[str] = _sentinel, # type: ignore
+ ):
+ super().__init__(
+ import_name=import_name,
+ static_folder=static_folder,
+ static_url_path=static_url_path,
+ template_folder=template_folder,
+ root_path=root_path,
+ )
+
+ if "." in name:
+ raise ValueError("'name' may not contain a dot '.' character.")
+
+ self.name = name
+ self.url_prefix = url_prefix
+ self.subdomain = subdomain
+ self.deferred_functions: t.List[DeferredSetupFunction] = []
+
+ if url_defaults is None:
+ url_defaults = {}
+
+ self.url_values_defaults = url_defaults
+ self.cli_group = cli_group
+ self._blueprints: t.List[t.Tuple["Blueprint", dict]] = []
+
+ def _is_setup_finished(self) -> bool:
+ return self.warn_on_modifications and self._got_registered_once
+
+ def record(self, func: t.Callable) -> None:
+ """Registers a function that is called when the blueprint is
+ registered on the application. This function is called with the
+ state as argument as returned by the :meth:`make_setup_state`
+ method.
+ """
+ if self._got_registered_once and self.warn_on_modifications:
+ from warnings import warn
+
+ warn(
+ Warning(
+ "The blueprint was already registered once but is"
+ " getting modified now. These changes will not show"
+ " up."
+ )
+ )
+ self.deferred_functions.append(func)
+
+ def record_once(self, func: t.Callable) -> None:
+ """Works like :meth:`record` but wraps the function in another
+ function that will ensure the function is only called once. If the
+ blueprint is registered a second time on the application, the
+ function passed is not called.
+ """
+
+ def wrapper(state: BlueprintSetupState) -> None:
+ if state.first_registration:
+ func(state)
+
+ return self.record(update_wrapper(wrapper, func))
+
+ def make_setup_state(
+ self, app: "Flask", options: dict, first_registration: bool = False
+ ) -> BlueprintSetupState:
+ """Creates an instance of :meth:`~flask.blueprints.BlueprintSetupState`
+ object that is later passed to the register callback functions.
+ Subclasses can override this to return a subclass of the setup state.
+ """
+ return BlueprintSetupState(self, app, options, first_registration)
+
+ def register_blueprint(self, blueprint: "Blueprint", **options: t.Any) -> None:
+ """Register a :class:`~flask.Blueprint` on this blueprint. Keyword
+ arguments passed to this method will override the defaults set
+ on the blueprint.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0.1
+ The ``name`` option can be used to change the (pre-dotted)
+ name the blueprint is registered with. This allows the same
+ blueprint to be registered multiple times with unique names
+ for ``url_for``.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+ """
+ if blueprint is self:
+ raise ValueError("Cannot register a blueprint on itself")
+ self._blueprints.append((blueprint, options))
+
+ def register(self, app: "Flask", options: dict) -> None:
+ """Called by :meth:`Flask.register_blueprint` to register all
+ views and callbacks registered on the blueprint with the
+ application. Creates a :class:`.BlueprintSetupState` and calls
+ each :meth:`record` callback with it.
+
+ :param app: The application this blueprint is being registered
+ with.
+ :param options: Keyword arguments forwarded from
+ :meth:`~Flask.register_blueprint`.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0.1
+ Nested blueprints are registered with their dotted name.
+ This allows different blueprints with the same name to be
+ nested at different locations.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0.1
+ The ``name`` option can be used to change the (pre-dotted)
+ name the blueprint is registered with. This allows the same
+ blueprint to be registered multiple times with unique names
+ for ``url_for``.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0.1
+ Registering the same blueprint with the same name multiple
+ times is deprecated and will become an error in Flask 2.1.
+ """
+ first_registration = not any(bp is self for bp in app.blueprints.values())
+ name_prefix = options.get("name_prefix", "")
+ self_name = options.get("name", self.name)
+ name = f"{name_prefix}.{self_name}".lstrip(".")
+
+ if name in app.blueprints:
+ existing_at = f" '{name}'" if self_name != name else ""
+
+ if app.blueprints[name] is not self:
+ raise ValueError(
+ f"The name '{self_name}' is already registered for"
+ f" a different blueprint{existing_at}. Use 'name='"
+ " to provide a unique name."
+ )
+ else:
+ import warnings
+
+ warnings.warn(
+ f"The name '{self_name}' is already registered for"
+ f" this blueprint{existing_at}. Use 'name=' to"
+ " provide a unique name. This will become an error"
+ " in Flask 2.1.",
+ stacklevel=4,
+ )
+
+ app.blueprints[name] = self
+ self._got_registered_once = True
+ state = self.make_setup_state(app, options, first_registration)
+
+ if self.has_static_folder:
+ state.add_url_rule(
+ f"{self.static_url_path}/",
+ view_func=self.send_static_file,
+ endpoint="static",
+ )
+
+ # Merge blueprint data into parent.
+ if first_registration:
+
+ def extend(bp_dict, parent_dict):
+ for key, values in bp_dict.items():
+ key = name if key is None else f"{name}.{key}"
+ parent_dict[key].extend(values)
+
+ for key, value in self.error_handler_spec.items():
+ key = name if key is None else f"{name}.{key}"
+ value = defaultdict(
+ dict,
+ {
+ code: {
+ exc_class: func for exc_class, func in code_values.items()
+ }
+ for code, code_values in value.items()
+ },
+ )
+ app.error_handler_spec[key] = value
+
+ for endpoint, func in self.view_functions.items():
+ app.view_functions[endpoint] = func
+
+ extend(self.before_request_funcs, app.before_request_funcs)
+ extend(self.after_request_funcs, app.after_request_funcs)
+ extend(
+ self.teardown_request_funcs,
+ app.teardown_request_funcs,
+ )
+ extend(self.url_default_functions, app.url_default_functions)
+ extend(self.url_value_preprocessors, app.url_value_preprocessors)
+ extend(self.template_context_processors, app.template_context_processors)
+
+ for deferred in self.deferred_functions:
+ deferred(state)
+
+ cli_resolved_group = options.get("cli_group", self.cli_group)
+
+ if self.cli.commands:
+ if cli_resolved_group is None:
+ app.cli.commands.update(self.cli.commands)
+ elif cli_resolved_group is _sentinel:
+ self.cli.name = name
+ app.cli.add_command(self.cli)
+ else:
+ self.cli.name = cli_resolved_group
+ app.cli.add_command(self.cli)
+
+ for blueprint, bp_options in self._blueprints:
+ bp_options = bp_options.copy()
+ bp_url_prefix = bp_options.get("url_prefix")
+
+ if bp_url_prefix is None:
+ bp_url_prefix = blueprint.url_prefix
+
+ if state.url_prefix is not None and bp_url_prefix is not None:
+ bp_options["url_prefix"] = (
+ state.url_prefix.rstrip("/") + "/" + bp_url_prefix.lstrip("/")
+ )
+ elif bp_url_prefix is not None:
+ bp_options["url_prefix"] = bp_url_prefix
+ elif state.url_prefix is not None:
+ bp_options["url_prefix"] = state.url_prefix
+
+ bp_options["name_prefix"] = name
+ blueprint.register(app, bp_options)
+
+ def add_url_rule(
+ self,
+ rule: str,
+ endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ view_func: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
+ provide_automatic_options: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ **options: t.Any,
+ ) -> None:
+ """Like :meth:`Flask.add_url_rule` but for a blueprint. The endpoint for
+ the :func:`url_for` function is prefixed with the name of the blueprint.
+ """
+ if endpoint and "." in endpoint:
+ raise ValueError("'endpoint' may not contain a dot '.' character.")
+
+ if view_func and hasattr(view_func, "__name__") and "." in view_func.__name__:
+ raise ValueError("'view_func' name may not contain a dot '.' character.")
+
+ self.record(
+ lambda s: s.add_url_rule(
+ rule,
+ endpoint,
+ view_func,
+ provide_automatic_options=provide_automatic_options,
+ **options,
+ )
+ )
+
+ def app_template_filter(
+ self, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+ ) -> t.Callable[[TemplateFilterCallable], TemplateFilterCallable]:
+ """Register a custom template filter, available application wide. Like
+ :meth:`Flask.template_filter` but for a blueprint.
+
+ :param name: the optional name of the filter, otherwise the
+ function name will be used.
+ """
+
+ def decorator(f: TemplateFilterCallable) -> TemplateFilterCallable:
+ self.add_app_template_filter(f, name=name)
+ return f
+
+ return decorator
+
+ def add_app_template_filter(
+ self, f: TemplateFilterCallable, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+ ) -> None:
+ """Register a custom template filter, available application wide. Like
+ :meth:`Flask.add_template_filter` but for a blueprint. Works exactly
+ like the :meth:`app_template_filter` decorator.
+
+ :param name: the optional name of the filter, otherwise the
+ function name will be used.
+ """
+
+ def register_template(state: BlueprintSetupState) -> None:
+ state.app.jinja_env.filters[name or f.__name__] = f
+
+ self.record_once(register_template)
+
+ def app_template_test(
+ self, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+ ) -> t.Callable[[TemplateTestCallable], TemplateTestCallable]:
+ """Register a custom template test, available application wide. Like
+ :meth:`Flask.template_test` but for a blueprint.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+ :param name: the optional name of the test, otherwise the
+ function name will be used.
+ """
+
+ def decorator(f: TemplateTestCallable) -> TemplateTestCallable:
+ self.add_app_template_test(f, name=name)
+ return f
+
+ return decorator
+
+ def add_app_template_test(
+ self, f: TemplateTestCallable, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+ ) -> None:
+ """Register a custom template test, available application wide. Like
+ :meth:`Flask.add_template_test` but for a blueprint. Works exactly
+ like the :meth:`app_template_test` decorator.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+ :param name: the optional name of the test, otherwise the
+ function name will be used.
+ """
+
+ def register_template(state: BlueprintSetupState) -> None:
+ state.app.jinja_env.tests[name or f.__name__] = f
+
+ self.record_once(register_template)
+
+ def app_template_global(
+ self, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+ ) -> t.Callable[[TemplateGlobalCallable], TemplateGlobalCallable]:
+ """Register a custom template global, available application wide. Like
+ :meth:`Flask.template_global` but for a blueprint.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+ :param name: the optional name of the global, otherwise the
+ function name will be used.
+ """
+
+ def decorator(f: TemplateGlobalCallable) -> TemplateGlobalCallable:
+ self.add_app_template_global(f, name=name)
+ return f
+
+ return decorator
+
+ def add_app_template_global(
+ self, f: TemplateGlobalCallable, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+ ) -> None:
+ """Register a custom template global, available application wide. Like
+ :meth:`Flask.add_template_global` but for a blueprint. Works exactly
+ like the :meth:`app_template_global` decorator.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+ :param name: the optional name of the global, otherwise the
+ function name will be used.
+ """
+
+ def register_template(state: BlueprintSetupState) -> None:
+ state.app.jinja_env.globals[name or f.__name__] = f
+
+ self.record_once(register_template)
+
+ def before_app_request(self, f: BeforeRequestCallable) -> BeforeRequestCallable:
+ """Like :meth:`Flask.before_request`. Such a function is executed
+ before each request, even if outside of a blueprint.
+ """
+ self.record_once(
+ lambda s: s.app.before_request_funcs.setdefault(None, []).append(f)
+ )
+ return f
+
+ def before_app_first_request(
+ self, f: BeforeRequestCallable
+ ) -> BeforeRequestCallable:
+ """Like :meth:`Flask.before_first_request`. Such a function is
+ executed before the first request to the application.
+ """
+ self.record_once(lambda s: s.app.before_first_request_funcs.append(f))
+ return f
+
+ def after_app_request(self, f: AfterRequestCallable) -> AfterRequestCallable:
+ """Like :meth:`Flask.after_request` but for a blueprint. Such a function
+ is executed after each request, even if outside of the blueprint.
+ """
+ self.record_once(
+ lambda s: s.app.after_request_funcs.setdefault(None, []).append(f)
+ )
+ return f
+
+ def teardown_app_request(self, f: TeardownCallable) -> TeardownCallable:
+ """Like :meth:`Flask.teardown_request` but for a blueprint. Such a
+ function is executed when tearing down each request, even if outside of
+ the blueprint.
+ """
+ self.record_once(
+ lambda s: s.app.teardown_request_funcs.setdefault(None, []).append(f)
+ )
+ return f
+
+ def app_context_processor(
+ self, f: TemplateContextProcessorCallable
+ ) -> TemplateContextProcessorCallable:
+ """Like :meth:`Flask.context_processor` but for a blueprint. Such a
+ function is executed each request, even if outside of the blueprint.
+ """
+ self.record_once(
+ lambda s: s.app.template_context_processors.setdefault(None, []).append(f)
+ )
+ return f
+
+ def app_errorhandler(self, code: t.Union[t.Type[Exception], int]) -> t.Callable:
+ """Like :meth:`Flask.errorhandler` but for a blueprint. This
+ handler is used for all requests, even if outside of the blueprint.
+ """
+
+ def decorator(f: ErrorHandlerCallable) -> ErrorHandlerCallable:
+ self.record_once(lambda s: s.app.errorhandler(code)(f))
+ return f
+
+ return decorator
+
+ def app_url_value_preprocessor(
+ self, f: URLValuePreprocessorCallable
+ ) -> URLValuePreprocessorCallable:
+ """Same as :meth:`url_value_preprocessor` but application wide."""
+ self.record_once(
+ lambda s: s.app.url_value_preprocessors.setdefault(None, []).append(f)
+ )
+ return f
+
+ def app_url_defaults(self, f: URLDefaultCallable) -> URLDefaultCallable:
+ """Same as :meth:`url_defaults` but application wide."""
+ self.record_once(
+ lambda s: s.app.url_default_functions.setdefault(None, []).append(f)
+ )
+ return f
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/cli.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/cli.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d9e810da0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/cli.py
@@ -0,0 +1,994 @@
+import ast
+import inspect
+import os
+import platform
+import re
+import sys
+import traceback
+import warnings
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from operator import attrgetter
+from threading import Lock
+from threading import Thread
+
+import click
+from werkzeug.utils import import_string
+
+from .globals import current_app
+from .helpers import get_debug_flag
+from .helpers import get_env
+from .helpers import get_load_dotenv
+
+try:
+ import dotenv
+except ImportError:
+ dotenv = None
+
+try:
+ import ssl
+except ImportError:
+ ssl = None # type: ignore
+
+
+class NoAppException(click.UsageError):
+ """Raised if an application cannot be found or loaded."""
+
+
+def find_best_app(script_info, module):
+ """Given a module instance this tries to find the best possible
+ application in the module or raises an exception.
+ """
+ from . import Flask
+
+ # Search for the most common names first.
+ for attr_name in ("app", "application"):
+ app = getattr(module, attr_name, None)
+
+ if isinstance(app, Flask):
+ return app
+
+ # Otherwise find the only object that is a Flask instance.
+ matches = [v for v in module.__dict__.values() if isinstance(v, Flask)]
+
+ if len(matches) == 1:
+ return matches[0]
+ elif len(matches) > 1:
+ raise NoAppException(
+ "Detected multiple Flask applications in module"
+ f" {module.__name__!r}. Use 'FLASK_APP={module.__name__}:name'"
+ f" to specify the correct one."
+ )
+
+ # Search for app factory functions.
+ for attr_name in ("create_app", "make_app"):
+ app_factory = getattr(module, attr_name, None)
+
+ if inspect.isfunction(app_factory):
+ try:
+ app = call_factory(script_info, app_factory)
+
+ if isinstance(app, Flask):
+ return app
+ except TypeError:
+ if not _called_with_wrong_args(app_factory):
+ raise
+ raise NoAppException(
+ f"Detected factory {attr_name!r} in module {module.__name__!r},"
+ " but could not call it without arguments. Use"
+ f" \"FLASK_APP='{module.__name__}:{attr_name}(args)'\""
+ " to specify arguments."
+ )
+
+ raise NoAppException(
+ "Failed to find Flask application or factory in module"
+ f" {module.__name__!r}. Use 'FLASK_APP={module.__name__}:name'"
+ " to specify one."
+ )
+
+
+def call_factory(script_info, app_factory, args=None, kwargs=None):
+ """Takes an app factory, a ``script_info` object and optionally a tuple
+ of arguments. Checks for the existence of a script_info argument and calls
+ the app_factory depending on that and the arguments provided.
+ """
+ sig = inspect.signature(app_factory)
+ args = [] if args is None else args
+ kwargs = {} if kwargs is None else kwargs
+
+ if "script_info" in sig.parameters:
+ warnings.warn(
+ "The 'script_info' argument is deprecated and will not be"
+ " passed to the app factory function in Flask 2.1.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ )
+ kwargs["script_info"] = script_info
+
+ if (
+ not args
+ and len(sig.parameters) == 1
+ and next(iter(sig.parameters.values())).default is inspect.Parameter.empty
+ ):
+ warnings.warn(
+ "Script info is deprecated and will not be passed as the"
+ " single argument to the app factory function in Flask"
+ " 2.1.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ )
+ args.append(script_info)
+
+ return app_factory(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def _called_with_wrong_args(f):
+ """Check whether calling a function raised a ``TypeError`` because
+ the call failed or because something in the factory raised the
+ error.
+
+ :param f: The function that was called.
+ :return: ``True`` if the call failed.
+ """
+ tb = sys.exc_info()[2]
+
+ try:
+ while tb is not None:
+ if tb.tb_frame.f_code is f.__code__:
+ # In the function, it was called successfully.
+ return False
+
+ tb = tb.tb_next
+
+ # Didn't reach the function.
+ return True
+ finally:
+ # Delete tb to break a circular reference.
+ # https://docs.python.org/2/library/sys.html#sys.exc_info
+ del tb
+
+
+def find_app_by_string(script_info, module, app_name):
+ """Check if the given string is a variable name or a function. Call
+ a function to get the app instance, or return the variable directly.
+ """
+ from . import Flask
+
+ # Parse app_name as a single expression to determine if it's a valid
+ # attribute name or function call.
+ try:
+ expr = ast.parse(app_name.strip(), mode="eval").body
+ except SyntaxError:
+ raise NoAppException(
+ f"Failed to parse {app_name!r} as an attribute name or function call."
+ )
+
+ if isinstance(expr, ast.Name):
+ name = expr.id
+ args = kwargs = None
+ elif isinstance(expr, ast.Call):
+ # Ensure the function name is an attribute name only.
+ if not isinstance(expr.func, ast.Name):
+ raise NoAppException(
+ f"Function reference must be a simple name: {app_name!r}."
+ )
+
+ name = expr.func.id
+
+ # Parse the positional and keyword arguments as literals.
+ try:
+ args = [ast.literal_eval(arg) for arg in expr.args]
+ kwargs = {kw.arg: ast.literal_eval(kw.value) for kw in expr.keywords}
+ except ValueError:
+ # literal_eval gives cryptic error messages, show a generic
+ # message with the full expression instead.
+ raise NoAppException(
+ f"Failed to parse arguments as literal values: {app_name!r}."
+ )
+ else:
+ raise NoAppException(
+ f"Failed to parse {app_name!r} as an attribute name or function call."
+ )
+
+ try:
+ attr = getattr(module, name)
+ except AttributeError:
+ raise NoAppException(
+ f"Failed to find attribute {name!r} in {module.__name__!r}."
+ )
+
+ # If the attribute is a function, call it with any args and kwargs
+ # to get the real application.
+ if inspect.isfunction(attr):
+ try:
+ app = call_factory(script_info, attr, args, kwargs)
+ except TypeError:
+ if not _called_with_wrong_args(attr):
+ raise
+
+ raise NoAppException(
+ f"The factory {app_name!r} in module"
+ f" {module.__name__!r} could not be called with the"
+ " specified arguments."
+ )
+ else:
+ app = attr
+
+ if isinstance(app, Flask):
+ return app
+
+ raise NoAppException(
+ "A valid Flask application was not obtained from"
+ f" '{module.__name__}:{app_name}'."
+ )
+
+
+def prepare_import(path):
+ """Given a filename this will try to calculate the python path, add it
+ to the search path and return the actual module name that is expected.
+ """
+ path = os.path.realpath(path)
+
+ fname, ext = os.path.splitext(path)
+ if ext == ".py":
+ path = fname
+
+ if os.path.basename(path) == "__init__":
+ path = os.path.dirname(path)
+
+ module_name = []
+
+ # move up until outside package structure (no __init__.py)
+ while True:
+ path, name = os.path.split(path)
+ module_name.append(name)
+
+ if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(path, "__init__.py")):
+ break
+
+ if sys.path[0] != path:
+ sys.path.insert(0, path)
+
+ return ".".join(module_name[::-1])
+
+
+def locate_app(script_info, module_name, app_name, raise_if_not_found=True):
+ __traceback_hide__ = True # noqa: F841
+
+ try:
+ __import__(module_name)
+ except ImportError:
+ # Reraise the ImportError if it occurred within the imported module.
+ # Determine this by checking whether the trace has a depth > 1.
+ if sys.exc_info()[2].tb_next:
+ raise NoAppException(
+ f"While importing {module_name!r}, an ImportError was"
+ f" raised:\n\n{traceback.format_exc()}"
+ )
+ elif raise_if_not_found:
+ raise NoAppException(f"Could not import {module_name!r}.")
+ else:
+ return
+
+ module = sys.modules[module_name]
+
+ if app_name is None:
+ return find_best_app(script_info, module)
+ else:
+ return find_app_by_string(script_info, module, app_name)
+
+
+def get_version(ctx, param, value):
+ if not value or ctx.resilient_parsing:
+ return
+
+ import werkzeug
+ from . import __version__
+
+ click.echo(
+ f"Python {platform.python_version()}\n"
+ f"Flask {__version__}\n"
+ f"Werkzeug {werkzeug.__version__}",
+ color=ctx.color,
+ )
+ ctx.exit()
+
+
+version_option = click.Option(
+ ["--version"],
+ help="Show the flask version",
+ expose_value=False,
+ callback=get_version,
+ is_flag=True,
+ is_eager=True,
+)
+
+
+class DispatchingApp:
+ """Special application that dispatches to a Flask application which
+ is imported by name in a background thread. If an error happens
+ it is recorded and shown as part of the WSGI handling which in case
+ of the Werkzeug debugger means that it shows up in the browser.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, loader, use_eager_loading=None):
+ self.loader = loader
+ self._app = None
+ self._lock = Lock()
+ self._bg_loading_exc_info = None
+
+ if use_eager_loading is None:
+ use_eager_loading = os.environ.get("WERKZEUG_RUN_MAIN") != "true"
+
+ if use_eager_loading:
+ self._load_unlocked()
+ else:
+ self._load_in_background()
+
+ def _load_in_background(self):
+ def _load_app():
+ __traceback_hide__ = True # noqa: F841
+ with self._lock:
+ try:
+ self._load_unlocked()
+ except Exception:
+ self._bg_loading_exc_info = sys.exc_info()
+
+ t = Thread(target=_load_app, args=())
+ t.start()
+
+ def _flush_bg_loading_exception(self):
+ __traceback_hide__ = True # noqa: F841
+ exc_info = self._bg_loading_exc_info
+ if exc_info is not None:
+ self._bg_loading_exc_info = None
+ raise exc_info
+
+ def _load_unlocked(self):
+ __traceback_hide__ = True # noqa: F841
+ self._app = rv = self.loader()
+ self._bg_loading_exc_info = None
+ return rv
+
+ def __call__(self, environ, start_response):
+ __traceback_hide__ = True # noqa: F841
+ if self._app is not None:
+ return self._app(environ, start_response)
+ self._flush_bg_loading_exception()
+ with self._lock:
+ if self._app is not None:
+ rv = self._app
+ else:
+ rv = self._load_unlocked()
+ return rv(environ, start_response)
+
+
+class ScriptInfo:
+ """Helper object to deal with Flask applications. This is usually not
+ necessary to interface with as it's used internally in the dispatching
+ to click. In future versions of Flask this object will most likely play
+ a bigger role. Typically it's created automatically by the
+ :class:`FlaskGroup` but you can also manually create it and pass it
+ onwards as click object.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, app_import_path=None, create_app=None, set_debug_flag=True):
+ #: Optionally the import path for the Flask application.
+ self.app_import_path = app_import_path or os.environ.get("FLASK_APP")
+ #: Optionally a function that is passed the script info to create
+ #: the instance of the application.
+ self.create_app = create_app
+ #: A dictionary with arbitrary data that can be associated with
+ #: this script info.
+ self.data = {}
+ self.set_debug_flag = set_debug_flag
+ self._loaded_app = None
+
+ def load_app(self):
+ """Loads the Flask app (if not yet loaded) and returns it. Calling
+ this multiple times will just result in the already loaded app to
+ be returned.
+ """
+ __traceback_hide__ = True # noqa: F841
+
+ if self._loaded_app is not None:
+ return self._loaded_app
+
+ if self.create_app is not None:
+ app = call_factory(self, self.create_app)
+ else:
+ if self.app_import_path:
+ path, name = (
+ re.split(r":(?![\\/])", self.app_import_path, 1) + [None]
+ )[:2]
+ import_name = prepare_import(path)
+ app = locate_app(self, import_name, name)
+ else:
+ for path in ("wsgi.py", "app.py"):
+ import_name = prepare_import(path)
+ app = locate_app(self, import_name, None, raise_if_not_found=False)
+
+ if app:
+ break
+
+ if not app:
+ raise NoAppException(
+ "Could not locate a Flask application. You did not provide "
+ 'the "FLASK_APP" environment variable, and a "wsgi.py" or '
+ '"app.py" module was not found in the current directory.'
+ )
+
+ if self.set_debug_flag:
+ # Update the app's debug flag through the descriptor so that
+ # other values repopulate as well.
+ app.debug = get_debug_flag()
+
+ self._loaded_app = app
+ return app
+
+
+pass_script_info = click.make_pass_decorator(ScriptInfo, ensure=True)
+
+
+def with_appcontext(f):
+ """Wraps a callback so that it's guaranteed to be executed with the
+ script's application context. If callbacks are registered directly
+ to the ``app.cli`` object then they are wrapped with this function
+ by default unless it's disabled.
+ """
+
+ @click.pass_context
+ def decorator(__ctx, *args, **kwargs):
+ with __ctx.ensure_object(ScriptInfo).load_app().app_context():
+ return __ctx.invoke(f, *args, **kwargs)
+
+ return update_wrapper(decorator, f)
+
+
+class AppGroup(click.Group):
+ """This works similar to a regular click :class:`~click.Group` but it
+ changes the behavior of the :meth:`command` decorator so that it
+ automatically wraps the functions in :func:`with_appcontext`.
+
+ Not to be confused with :class:`FlaskGroup`.
+ """
+
+ def command(self, *args, **kwargs):
+ """This works exactly like the method of the same name on a regular
+ :class:`click.Group` but it wraps callbacks in :func:`with_appcontext`
+ unless it's disabled by passing ``with_appcontext=False``.
+ """
+ wrap_for_ctx = kwargs.pop("with_appcontext", True)
+
+ def decorator(f):
+ if wrap_for_ctx:
+ f = with_appcontext(f)
+ return click.Group.command(self, *args, **kwargs)(f)
+
+ return decorator
+
+ def group(self, *args, **kwargs):
+ """This works exactly like the method of the same name on a regular
+ :class:`click.Group` but it defaults the group class to
+ :class:`AppGroup`.
+ """
+ kwargs.setdefault("cls", AppGroup)
+ return click.Group.group(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+
+class FlaskGroup(AppGroup):
+ """Special subclass of the :class:`AppGroup` group that supports
+ loading more commands from the configured Flask app. Normally a
+ developer does not have to interface with this class but there are
+ some very advanced use cases for which it makes sense to create an
+ instance of this. see :ref:`custom-scripts`.
+
+ :param add_default_commands: if this is True then the default run and
+ shell commands will be added.
+ :param add_version_option: adds the ``--version`` option.
+ :param create_app: an optional callback that is passed the script info and
+ returns the loaded app.
+ :param load_dotenv: Load the nearest :file:`.env` and :file:`.flaskenv`
+ files to set environment variables. Will also change the working
+ directory to the directory containing the first file found.
+ :param set_debug_flag: Set the app's debug flag based on the active
+ environment
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+ If installed, python-dotenv will be used to load environment variables
+ from :file:`.env` and :file:`.flaskenv` files.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ add_default_commands=True,
+ create_app=None,
+ add_version_option=True,
+ load_dotenv=True,
+ set_debug_flag=True,
+ **extra,
+ ):
+ params = list(extra.pop("params", None) or ())
+
+ if add_version_option:
+ params.append(version_option)
+
+ AppGroup.__init__(self, params=params, **extra)
+ self.create_app = create_app
+ self.load_dotenv = load_dotenv
+ self.set_debug_flag = set_debug_flag
+
+ if add_default_commands:
+ self.add_command(run_command)
+ self.add_command(shell_command)
+ self.add_command(routes_command)
+
+ self._loaded_plugin_commands = False
+
+ def _load_plugin_commands(self):
+ if self._loaded_plugin_commands:
+ return
+ try:
+ import pkg_resources
+ except ImportError:
+ self._loaded_plugin_commands = True
+ return
+
+ for ep in pkg_resources.iter_entry_points("flask.commands"):
+ self.add_command(ep.load(), ep.name)
+ self._loaded_plugin_commands = True
+
+ def get_command(self, ctx, name):
+ self._load_plugin_commands()
+ # Look up built-in and plugin commands, which should be
+ # available even if the app fails to load.
+ rv = super().get_command(ctx, name)
+
+ if rv is not None:
+ return rv
+
+ info = ctx.ensure_object(ScriptInfo)
+
+ # Look up commands provided by the app, showing an error and
+ # continuing if the app couldn't be loaded.
+ try:
+ return info.load_app().cli.get_command(ctx, name)
+ except NoAppException as e:
+ click.secho(f"Error: {e.format_message()}\n", err=True, fg="red")
+
+ def list_commands(self, ctx):
+ self._load_plugin_commands()
+ # Start with the built-in and plugin commands.
+ rv = set(super().list_commands(ctx))
+ info = ctx.ensure_object(ScriptInfo)
+
+ # Add commands provided by the app, showing an error and
+ # continuing if the app couldn't be loaded.
+ try:
+ rv.update(info.load_app().cli.list_commands(ctx))
+ except NoAppException as e:
+ # When an app couldn't be loaded, show the error message
+ # without the traceback.
+ click.secho(f"Error: {e.format_message()}\n", err=True, fg="red")
+ except Exception:
+ # When any other errors occurred during loading, show the
+ # full traceback.
+ click.secho(f"{traceback.format_exc()}\n", err=True, fg="red")
+
+ return sorted(rv)
+
+ def main(self, *args, **kwargs):
+ # Set a global flag that indicates that we were invoked from the
+ # command line interface. This is detected by Flask.run to make the
+ # call into a no-op. This is necessary to avoid ugly errors when the
+ # script that is loaded here also attempts to start a server.
+ os.environ["FLASK_RUN_FROM_CLI"] = "true"
+
+ if get_load_dotenv(self.load_dotenv):
+ load_dotenv()
+
+ obj = kwargs.get("obj")
+
+ if obj is None:
+ obj = ScriptInfo(
+ create_app=self.create_app, set_debug_flag=self.set_debug_flag
+ )
+
+ kwargs["obj"] = obj
+ kwargs.setdefault("auto_envvar_prefix", "FLASK")
+ return super().main(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def _path_is_ancestor(path, other):
+ """Take ``other`` and remove the length of ``path`` from it. Then join it
+ to ``path``. If it is the original value, ``path`` is an ancestor of
+ ``other``."""
+ return os.path.join(path, other[len(path) :].lstrip(os.sep)) == other
+
+
+def load_dotenv(path=None):
+ """Load "dotenv" files in order of precedence to set environment variables.
+
+ If an env var is already set it is not overwritten, so earlier files in the
+ list are preferred over later files.
+
+ This is a no-op if `python-dotenv`_ is not installed.
+
+ .. _python-dotenv: https://github.com/theskumar/python-dotenv#readme
+
+ :param path: Load the file at this location instead of searching.
+ :return: ``True`` if a file was loaded.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.1.0
+ Returns ``False`` when python-dotenv is not installed, or when
+ the given path isn't a file.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ When loading the env files, set the default encoding to UTF-8.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 1.0
+ """
+ if dotenv is None:
+ if path or os.path.isfile(".env") or os.path.isfile(".flaskenv"):
+ click.secho(
+ " * Tip: There are .env or .flaskenv files present."
+ ' Do "pip install python-dotenv" to use them.',
+ fg="yellow",
+ err=True,
+ )
+
+ return False
+
+ # if the given path specifies the actual file then return True,
+ # else False
+ if path is not None:
+ if os.path.isfile(path):
+ return dotenv.load_dotenv(path, encoding="utf-8")
+
+ return False
+
+ new_dir = None
+
+ for name in (".env", ".flaskenv"):
+ path = dotenv.find_dotenv(name, usecwd=True)
+
+ if not path:
+ continue
+
+ if new_dir is None:
+ new_dir = os.path.dirname(path)
+
+ dotenv.load_dotenv(path, encoding="utf-8")
+
+ return new_dir is not None # at least one file was located and loaded
+
+
+def show_server_banner(env, debug, app_import_path, eager_loading):
+ """Show extra startup messages the first time the server is run,
+ ignoring the reloader.
+ """
+ if os.environ.get("WERKZEUG_RUN_MAIN") == "true":
+ return
+
+ if app_import_path is not None:
+ message = f" * Serving Flask app {app_import_path!r}"
+
+ if not eager_loading:
+ message += " (lazy loading)"
+
+ click.echo(message)
+
+ click.echo(f" * Environment: {env}")
+
+ if env == "production":
+ click.secho(
+ " WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in"
+ " a production deployment.",
+ fg="red",
+ )
+ click.secho(" Use a production WSGI server instead.", dim=True)
+
+ if debug is not None:
+ click.echo(f" * Debug mode: {'on' if debug else 'off'}")
+
+
+class CertParamType(click.ParamType):
+ """Click option type for the ``--cert`` option. Allows either an
+ existing file, the string ``'adhoc'``, or an import for a
+ :class:`~ssl.SSLContext` object.
+ """
+
+ name = "path"
+
+ def __init__(self):
+ self.path_type = click.Path(exists=True, dir_okay=False, resolve_path=True)
+
+ def convert(self, value, param, ctx):
+ if ssl is None:
+ raise click.BadParameter(
+ 'Using "--cert" requires Python to be compiled with SSL support.',
+ ctx,
+ param,
+ )
+
+ try:
+ return self.path_type(value, param, ctx)
+ except click.BadParameter:
+ value = click.STRING(value, param, ctx).lower()
+
+ if value == "adhoc":
+ try:
+ import cryptography # noqa: F401
+ except ImportError:
+ raise click.BadParameter(
+ "Using ad-hoc certificates requires the cryptography library.",
+ ctx,
+ param,
+ )
+
+ return value
+
+ obj = import_string(value, silent=True)
+
+ if isinstance(obj, ssl.SSLContext):
+ return obj
+
+ raise
+
+
+def _validate_key(ctx, param, value):
+ """The ``--key`` option must be specified when ``--cert`` is a file.
+ Modifies the ``cert`` param to be a ``(cert, key)`` pair if needed.
+ """
+ cert = ctx.params.get("cert")
+ is_adhoc = cert == "adhoc"
+ is_context = ssl and isinstance(cert, ssl.SSLContext)
+
+ if value is not None:
+ if is_adhoc:
+ raise click.BadParameter(
+ 'When "--cert" is "adhoc", "--key" is not used.', ctx, param
+ )
+
+ if is_context:
+ raise click.BadParameter(
+ 'When "--cert" is an SSLContext object, "--key is not used.', ctx, param
+ )
+
+ if not cert:
+ raise click.BadParameter('"--cert" must also be specified.', ctx, param)
+
+ ctx.params["cert"] = cert, value
+
+ else:
+ if cert and not (is_adhoc or is_context):
+ raise click.BadParameter('Required when using "--cert".', ctx, param)
+
+ return value
+
+
+class SeparatedPathType(click.Path):
+ """Click option type that accepts a list of values separated by the
+ OS's path separator (``:``, ``;`` on Windows). Each value is
+ validated as a :class:`click.Path` type.
+ """
+
+ def convert(self, value, param, ctx):
+ items = self.split_envvar_value(value)
+ super_convert = super().convert
+ return [super_convert(item, param, ctx) for item in items]
+
+
+@click.command("run", short_help="Run a development server.")
+@click.option("--host", "-h", default="127.0.0.1", help="The interface to bind to.")
+@click.option("--port", "-p", default=5000, help="The port to bind to.")
+@click.option(
+ "--cert", type=CertParamType(), help="Specify a certificate file to use HTTPS."
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--key",
+ type=click.Path(exists=True, dir_okay=False, resolve_path=True),
+ callback=_validate_key,
+ expose_value=False,
+ help="The key file to use when specifying a certificate.",
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--reload/--no-reload",
+ default=None,
+ help="Enable or disable the reloader. By default the reloader "
+ "is active if debug is enabled.",
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--debugger/--no-debugger",
+ default=None,
+ help="Enable or disable the debugger. By default the debugger "
+ "is active if debug is enabled.",
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--eager-loading/--lazy-loading",
+ default=None,
+ help="Enable or disable eager loading. By default eager "
+ "loading is enabled if the reloader is disabled.",
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--with-threads/--without-threads",
+ default=True,
+ help="Enable or disable multithreading.",
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--extra-files",
+ default=None,
+ type=SeparatedPathType(),
+ help=(
+ "Extra files that trigger a reload on change. Multiple paths"
+ f" are separated by {os.path.pathsep!r}."
+ ),
+)
+@pass_script_info
+def run_command(
+ info, host, port, reload, debugger, eager_loading, with_threads, cert, extra_files
+):
+ """Run a local development server.
+
+ This server is for development purposes only. It does not provide
+ the stability, security, or performance of production WSGI servers.
+
+ The reloader and debugger are enabled by default if
+ FLASK_ENV=development or FLASK_DEBUG=1.
+ """
+ debug = get_debug_flag()
+
+ if reload is None:
+ reload = debug
+
+ if debugger is None:
+ debugger = debug
+
+ show_server_banner(get_env(), debug, info.app_import_path, eager_loading)
+ app = DispatchingApp(info.load_app, use_eager_loading=eager_loading)
+
+ from werkzeug.serving import run_simple
+
+ run_simple(
+ host,
+ port,
+ app,
+ use_reloader=reload,
+ use_debugger=debugger,
+ threaded=with_threads,
+ ssl_context=cert,
+ extra_files=extra_files,
+ )
+
+
+@click.command("shell", short_help="Run a shell in the app context.")
+@with_appcontext
+def shell_command() -> None:
+ """Run an interactive Python shell in the context of a given
+ Flask application. The application will populate the default
+ namespace of this shell according to its configuration.
+
+ This is useful for executing small snippets of management code
+ without having to manually configure the application.
+ """
+ import code
+ from .globals import _app_ctx_stack
+
+ app = _app_ctx_stack.top.app
+ banner = (
+ f"Python {sys.version} on {sys.platform}\n"
+ f"App: {app.import_name} [{app.env}]\n"
+ f"Instance: {app.instance_path}"
+ )
+ ctx: dict = {}
+
+ # Support the regular Python interpreter startup script if someone
+ # is using it.
+ startup = os.environ.get("PYTHONSTARTUP")
+ if startup and os.path.isfile(startup):
+ with open(startup) as f:
+ eval(compile(f.read(), startup, "exec"), ctx)
+
+ ctx.update(app.make_shell_context())
+
+ # Site, customize, or startup script can set a hook to call when
+ # entering interactive mode. The default one sets up readline with
+ # tab and history completion.
+ interactive_hook = getattr(sys, "__interactivehook__", None)
+
+ if interactive_hook is not None:
+ try:
+ import readline
+ from rlcompleter import Completer
+ except ImportError:
+ pass
+ else:
+ # rlcompleter uses __main__.__dict__ by default, which is
+ # flask.__main__. Use the shell context instead.
+ readline.set_completer(Completer(ctx).complete)
+
+ interactive_hook()
+
+ code.interact(banner=banner, local=ctx)
+
+
+@click.command("routes", short_help="Show the routes for the app.")
+@click.option(
+ "--sort",
+ "-s",
+ type=click.Choice(("endpoint", "methods", "rule", "match")),
+ default="endpoint",
+ help=(
+ 'Method to sort routes by. "match" is the order that Flask will match '
+ "routes when dispatching a request."
+ ),
+)
+@click.option("--all-methods", is_flag=True, help="Show HEAD and OPTIONS methods.")
+@with_appcontext
+def routes_command(sort: str, all_methods: bool) -> None:
+ """Show all registered routes with endpoints and methods."""
+
+ rules = list(current_app.url_map.iter_rules())
+ if not rules:
+ click.echo("No routes were registered.")
+ return
+
+ ignored_methods = set(() if all_methods else ("HEAD", "OPTIONS"))
+
+ if sort in ("endpoint", "rule"):
+ rules = sorted(rules, key=attrgetter(sort))
+ elif sort == "methods":
+ rules = sorted(rules, key=lambda rule: sorted(rule.methods)) # type: ignore
+
+ rule_methods = [
+ ", ".join(sorted(rule.methods - ignored_methods)) # type: ignore
+ for rule in rules
+ ]
+
+ headers = ("Endpoint", "Methods", "Rule")
+ widths = (
+ max(len(rule.endpoint) for rule in rules),
+ max(len(methods) for methods in rule_methods),
+ max(len(rule.rule) for rule in rules),
+ )
+ widths = [max(len(h), w) for h, w in zip(headers, widths)]
+ row = "{{0:<{0}}} {{1:<{1}}} {{2:<{2}}}".format(*widths)
+
+ click.echo(row.format(*headers).strip())
+ click.echo(row.format(*("-" * width for width in widths)))
+
+ for rule, methods in zip(rules, rule_methods):
+ click.echo(row.format(rule.endpoint, methods, rule.rule).rstrip())
+
+
+cli = FlaskGroup(
+ help="""\
+A general utility script for Flask applications.
+
+Provides commands from Flask, extensions, and the application. Loads the
+application defined in the FLASK_APP environment variable, or from a wsgi.py
+file. Setting the FLASK_ENV environment variable to 'development' will enable
+debug mode.
+
+\b
+ {prefix}{cmd} FLASK_APP=hello.py
+ {prefix}{cmd} FLASK_ENV=development
+ {prefix}flask run
+""".format(
+ cmd="export" if os.name == "posix" else "set",
+ prefix="$ " if os.name == "posix" else "> ",
+ )
+)
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+ if int(click.__version__[0]) < 8:
+ warnings.warn(
+ "Using the `flask` cli with Click 7 is deprecated and"
+ " will not be supported starting with Flask 2.1."
+ " Please upgrade to Click 8 as soon as possible.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ )
+ # TODO omit sys.argv once https://github.com/pallets/click/issues/536 is fixed
+ cli.main(args=sys.argv[1:])
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+ main()
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/config.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/config.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c79a558e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/config.py
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+import errno
+import os
+import types
+import typing as t
+
+from werkzeug.utils import import_string
+
+
+class ConfigAttribute:
+ """Makes an attribute forward to the config"""
+
+ def __init__(self, name: str, get_converter: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None) -> None:
+ self.__name__ = name
+ self.get_converter = get_converter
+
+ def __get__(self, obj: t.Any, owner: t.Any = None) -> t.Any:
+ if obj is None:
+ return self
+ rv = obj.config[self.__name__]
+ if self.get_converter is not None:
+ rv = self.get_converter(rv)
+ return rv
+
+ def __set__(self, obj: t.Any, value: t.Any) -> None:
+ obj.config[self.__name__] = value
+
+
+class Config(dict):
+ """Works exactly like a dict but provides ways to fill it from files
+ or special dictionaries. There are two common patterns to populate the
+ config.
+
+ Either you can fill the config from a config file::
+
+ app.config.from_pyfile('yourconfig.cfg')
+
+ Or alternatively you can define the configuration options in the
+ module that calls :meth:`from_object` or provide an import path to
+ a module that should be loaded. It is also possible to tell it to
+ use the same module and with that provide the configuration values
+ just before the call::
+
+ DEBUG = True
+ SECRET_KEY = 'development key'
+ app.config.from_object(__name__)
+
+ In both cases (loading from any Python file or loading from modules),
+ only uppercase keys are added to the config. This makes it possible to use
+ lowercase values in the config file for temporary values that are not added
+ to the config or to define the config keys in the same file that implements
+ the application.
+
+ Probably the most interesting way to load configurations is from an
+ environment variable pointing to a file::
+
+ app.config.from_envvar('YOURAPPLICATION_SETTINGS')
+
+ In this case before launching the application you have to set this
+ environment variable to the file you want to use. On Linux and OS X
+ use the export statement::
+
+ export YOURAPPLICATION_SETTINGS='/path/to/config/file'
+
+ On windows use `set` instead.
+
+ :param root_path: path to which files are read relative from. When the
+ config object is created by the application, this is
+ the application's :attr:`~flask.Flask.root_path`.
+ :param defaults: an optional dictionary of default values
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, root_path: str, defaults: t.Optional[dict] = None) -> None:
+ dict.__init__(self, defaults or {})
+ self.root_path = root_path
+
+ def from_envvar(self, variable_name: str, silent: bool = False) -> bool:
+ """Loads a configuration from an environment variable pointing to
+ a configuration file. This is basically just a shortcut with nicer
+ error messages for this line of code::
+
+ app.config.from_pyfile(os.environ['YOURAPPLICATION_SETTINGS'])
+
+ :param variable_name: name of the environment variable
+ :param silent: set to ``True`` if you want silent failure for missing
+ files.
+ :return: bool. ``True`` if able to load config, ``False`` otherwise.
+ """
+ rv = os.environ.get(variable_name)
+ if not rv:
+ if silent:
+ return False
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ f"The environment variable {variable_name!r} is not set"
+ " and as such configuration could not be loaded. Set"
+ " this variable and make it point to a configuration"
+ " file"
+ )
+ return self.from_pyfile(rv, silent=silent)
+
+ def from_pyfile(self, filename: str, silent: bool = False) -> bool:
+ """Updates the values in the config from a Python file. This function
+ behaves as if the file was imported as module with the
+ :meth:`from_object` function.
+
+ :param filename: the filename of the config. This can either be an
+ absolute filename or a filename relative to the
+ root path.
+ :param silent: set to ``True`` if you want silent failure for missing
+ files.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ `silent` parameter.
+ """
+ filename = os.path.join(self.root_path, filename)
+ d = types.ModuleType("config")
+ d.__file__ = filename
+ try:
+ with open(filename, mode="rb") as config_file:
+ exec(compile(config_file.read(), filename, "exec"), d.__dict__)
+ except OSError as e:
+ if silent and e.errno in (errno.ENOENT, errno.EISDIR, errno.ENOTDIR):
+ return False
+ e.strerror = f"Unable to load configuration file ({e.strerror})"
+ raise
+ self.from_object(d)
+ return True
+
+ def from_object(self, obj: t.Union[object, str]) -> None:
+ """Updates the values from the given object. An object can be of one
+ of the following two types:
+
+ - a string: in this case the object with that name will be imported
+ - an actual object reference: that object is used directly
+
+ Objects are usually either modules or classes. :meth:`from_object`
+ loads only the uppercase attributes of the module/class. A ``dict``
+ object will not work with :meth:`from_object` because the keys of a
+ ``dict`` are not attributes of the ``dict`` class.
+
+ Example of module-based configuration::
+
+ app.config.from_object('yourapplication.default_config')
+ from yourapplication import default_config
+ app.config.from_object(default_config)
+
+ Nothing is done to the object before loading. If the object is a
+ class and has ``@property`` attributes, it needs to be
+ instantiated before being passed to this method.
+
+ You should not use this function to load the actual configuration but
+ rather configuration defaults. The actual config should be loaded
+ with :meth:`from_pyfile` and ideally from a location not within the
+ package because the package might be installed system wide.
+
+ See :ref:`config-dev-prod` for an example of class-based configuration
+ using :meth:`from_object`.
+
+ :param obj: an import name or object
+ """
+ if isinstance(obj, str):
+ obj = import_string(obj)
+ for key in dir(obj):
+ if key.isupper():
+ self[key] = getattr(obj, key)
+
+ def from_file(
+ self,
+ filename: str,
+ load: t.Callable[[t.IO[t.Any]], t.Mapping],
+ silent: bool = False,
+ ) -> bool:
+ """Update the values in the config from a file that is loaded
+ using the ``load`` parameter. The loaded data is passed to the
+ :meth:`from_mapping` method.
+
+ .. code-block:: python
+
+ import toml
+ app.config.from_file("config.toml", load=toml.load)
+
+ :param filename: The path to the data file. This can be an
+ absolute path or relative to the config root path.
+ :param load: A callable that takes a file handle and returns a
+ mapping of loaded data from the file.
+ :type load: ``Callable[[Reader], Mapping]`` where ``Reader``
+ implements a ``read`` method.
+ :param silent: Ignore the file if it doesn't exist.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+ """
+ filename = os.path.join(self.root_path, filename)
+
+ try:
+ with open(filename) as f:
+ obj = load(f)
+ except OSError as e:
+ if silent and e.errno in (errno.ENOENT, errno.EISDIR):
+ return False
+
+ e.strerror = f"Unable to load configuration file ({e.strerror})"
+ raise
+
+ return self.from_mapping(obj)
+
+ def from_json(self, filename: str, silent: bool = False) -> bool:
+ """Update the values in the config from a JSON file. The loaded
+ data is passed to the :meth:`from_mapping` method.
+
+ :param filename: The path to the JSON file. This can be an
+ absolute path or relative to the config root path.
+ :param silent: Ignore the file if it doesn't exist.
+
+ .. deprecated:: 2.0.0
+ Will be removed in Flask 2.1. Use :meth:`from_file` instead.
+ This was removed early in 2.0.0, was added back in 2.0.1.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.11
+ """
+ import warnings
+ from . import json
+
+ warnings.warn(
+ "'from_json' is deprecated and will be removed in Flask"
+ " 2.1. Use 'from_file(path, json.load)' instead.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ stacklevel=2,
+ )
+ return self.from_file(filename, json.load, silent=silent)
+
+ def from_mapping(
+ self, mapping: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None, **kwargs: t.Any
+ ) -> bool:
+ """Updates the config like :meth:`update` ignoring items with non-upper
+ keys.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.11
+ """
+ mappings: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = {}
+ if mapping is not None:
+ mappings.update(mapping)
+ mappings.update(kwargs)
+ for key, value in mappings.items():
+ if key.isupper():
+ self[key] = value
+ return True
+
+ def get_namespace(
+ self, namespace: str, lowercase: bool = True, trim_namespace: bool = True
+ ) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ """Returns a dictionary containing a subset of configuration options
+ that match the specified namespace/prefix. Example usage::
+
+ app.config['IMAGE_STORE_TYPE'] = 'fs'
+ app.config['IMAGE_STORE_PATH'] = '/var/app/images'
+ app.config['IMAGE_STORE_BASE_URL'] = 'http://img.website.com'
+ image_store_config = app.config.get_namespace('IMAGE_STORE_')
+
+ The resulting dictionary `image_store_config` would look like::
+
+ {
+ 'type': 'fs',
+ 'path': '/var/app/images',
+ 'base_url': 'http://img.website.com'
+ }
+
+ This is often useful when configuration options map directly to
+ keyword arguments in functions or class constructors.
+
+ :param namespace: a configuration namespace
+ :param lowercase: a flag indicating if the keys of the resulting
+ dictionary should be lowercase
+ :param trim_namespace: a flag indicating if the keys of the resulting
+ dictionary should not include the namespace
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.11
+ """
+ rv = {}
+ for k, v in self.items():
+ if not k.startswith(namespace):
+ continue
+ if trim_namespace:
+ key = k[len(namespace) :]
+ else:
+ key = k
+ if lowercase:
+ key = key.lower()
+ rv[key] = v
+ return rv
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return f"<{type(self).__name__} {dict.__repr__(self)}>"
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/ctx.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/ctx.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5c0646352
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/ctx.py
@@ -0,0 +1,480 @@
+import sys
+import typing as t
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from types import TracebackType
+
+from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException
+
+from .globals import _app_ctx_stack
+from .globals import _request_ctx_stack
+from .signals import appcontext_popped
+from .signals import appcontext_pushed
+from .typing import AfterRequestCallable
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+ from .app import Flask
+ from .sessions import SessionMixin
+ from .wrappers import Request
+
+
+# a singleton sentinel value for parameter defaults
+_sentinel = object()
+
+
+class _AppCtxGlobals:
+ """A plain object. Used as a namespace for storing data during an
+ application context.
+
+ Creating an app context automatically creates this object, which is
+ made available as the :data:`g` proxy.
+
+ .. describe:: 'key' in g
+
+ Check whether an attribute is present.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+ .. describe:: iter(g)
+
+ Return an iterator over the attribute names.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.10
+ """
+
+ # Define attr methods to let mypy know this is a namespace object
+ # that has arbitrary attributes.
+
+ def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+ try:
+ return self.__dict__[name]
+ except KeyError:
+ raise AttributeError(name) from None
+
+ def __setattr__(self, name: str, value: t.Any) -> None:
+ self.__dict__[name] = value
+
+ def __delattr__(self, name: str) -> None:
+ try:
+ del self.__dict__[name]
+ except KeyError:
+ raise AttributeError(name) from None
+
+ def get(self, name: str, default: t.Optional[t.Any] = None) -> t.Any:
+ """Get an attribute by name, or a default value. Like
+ :meth:`dict.get`.
+
+ :param name: Name of attribute to get.
+ :param default: Value to return if the attribute is not present.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.10
+ """
+ return self.__dict__.get(name, default)
+
+ def pop(self, name: str, default: t.Any = _sentinel) -> t.Any:
+ """Get and remove an attribute by name. Like :meth:`dict.pop`.
+
+ :param name: Name of attribute to pop.
+ :param default: Value to return if the attribute is not present,
+ instead of raising a ``KeyError``.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.11
+ """
+ if default is _sentinel:
+ return self.__dict__.pop(name)
+ else:
+ return self.__dict__.pop(name, default)
+
+ def setdefault(self, name: str, default: t.Any = None) -> t.Any:
+ """Get the value of an attribute if it is present, otherwise
+ set and return a default value. Like :meth:`dict.setdefault`.
+
+ :param name: Name of attribute to get.
+ :param default: Value to set and return if the attribute is not
+ present.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.11
+ """
+ return self.__dict__.setdefault(name, default)
+
+ def __contains__(self, item: str) -> bool:
+ return item in self.__dict__
+
+ def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[str]:
+ return iter(self.__dict__)
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ top = _app_ctx_stack.top
+ if top is not None:
+ return f""
+ return object.__repr__(self)
+
+
+def after_this_request(f: AfterRequestCallable) -> AfterRequestCallable:
+ """Executes a function after this request. This is useful to modify
+ response objects. The function is passed the response object and has
+ to return the same or a new one.
+
+ Example::
+
+ @app.route('/')
+ def index():
+ @after_this_request
+ def add_header(response):
+ response.headers['X-Foo'] = 'Parachute'
+ return response
+ return 'Hello World!'
+
+ This is more useful if a function other than the view function wants to
+ modify a response. For instance think of a decorator that wants to add
+ some headers without converting the return value into a response object.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.9
+ """
+ _request_ctx_stack.top._after_request_functions.append(f)
+ return f
+
+
+def copy_current_request_context(f: t.Callable) -> t.Callable:
+ """A helper function that decorates a function to retain the current
+ request context. This is useful when working with greenlets. The moment
+ the function is decorated a copy of the request context is created and
+ then pushed when the function is called. The current session is also
+ included in the copied request context.
+
+ Example::
+
+ import gevent
+ from flask import copy_current_request_context
+
+ @app.route('/')
+ def index():
+ @copy_current_request_context
+ def do_some_work():
+ # do some work here, it can access flask.request or
+ # flask.session like you would otherwise in the view function.
+ ...
+ gevent.spawn(do_some_work)
+ return 'Regular response'
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.10
+ """
+ top = _request_ctx_stack.top
+ if top is None:
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ "This decorator can only be used at local scopes "
+ "when a request context is on the stack. For instance within "
+ "view functions."
+ )
+ reqctx = top.copy()
+
+ def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+ with reqctx:
+ return f(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ return update_wrapper(wrapper, f)
+
+
+def has_request_context() -> bool:
+ """If you have code that wants to test if a request context is there or
+ not this function can be used. For instance, you may want to take advantage
+ of request information if the request object is available, but fail
+ silently if it is unavailable.
+
+ ::
+
+ class User(db.Model):
+
+ def __init__(self, username, remote_addr=None):
+ self.username = username
+ if remote_addr is None and has_request_context():
+ remote_addr = request.remote_addr
+ self.remote_addr = remote_addr
+
+ Alternatively you can also just test any of the context bound objects
+ (such as :class:`request` or :class:`g`) for truthness::
+
+ class User(db.Model):
+
+ def __init__(self, username, remote_addr=None):
+ self.username = username
+ if remote_addr is None and request:
+ remote_addr = request.remote_addr
+ self.remote_addr = remote_addr
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.7
+ """
+ return _request_ctx_stack.top is not None
+
+
+def has_app_context() -> bool:
+ """Works like :func:`has_request_context` but for the application
+ context. You can also just do a boolean check on the
+ :data:`current_app` object instead.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.9
+ """
+ return _app_ctx_stack.top is not None
+
+
+class AppContext:
+ """The application context binds an application object implicitly
+ to the current thread or greenlet, similar to how the
+ :class:`RequestContext` binds request information. The application
+ context is also implicitly created if a request context is created
+ but the application is not on top of the individual application
+ context.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, app: "Flask") -> None:
+ self.app = app
+ self.url_adapter = app.create_url_adapter(None)
+ self.g = app.app_ctx_globals_class()
+
+ # Like request context, app contexts can be pushed multiple times
+ # but there a basic "refcount" is enough to track them.
+ self._refcnt = 0
+
+ def push(self) -> None:
+ """Binds the app context to the current context."""
+ self._refcnt += 1
+ _app_ctx_stack.push(self)
+ appcontext_pushed.send(self.app)
+
+ def pop(self, exc: t.Optional[BaseException] = _sentinel) -> None: # type: ignore
+ """Pops the app context."""
+ try:
+ self._refcnt -= 1
+ if self._refcnt <= 0:
+ if exc is _sentinel:
+ exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
+ self.app.do_teardown_appcontext(exc)
+ finally:
+ rv = _app_ctx_stack.pop()
+ assert rv is self, f"Popped wrong app context. ({rv!r} instead of {self!r})"
+ appcontext_popped.send(self.app)
+
+ def __enter__(self) -> "AppContext":
+ self.push()
+ return self
+
+ def __exit__(
+ self, exc_type: type, exc_value: BaseException, tb: TracebackType
+ ) -> None:
+ self.pop(exc_value)
+
+
+class RequestContext:
+ """The request context contains all request relevant information. It is
+ created at the beginning of the request and pushed to the
+ `_request_ctx_stack` and removed at the end of it. It will create the
+ URL adapter and request object for the WSGI environment provided.
+
+ Do not attempt to use this class directly, instead use
+ :meth:`~flask.Flask.test_request_context` and
+ :meth:`~flask.Flask.request_context` to create this object.
+
+ When the request context is popped, it will evaluate all the
+ functions registered on the application for teardown execution
+ (:meth:`~flask.Flask.teardown_request`).
+
+ The request context is automatically popped at the end of the request
+ for you. In debug mode the request context is kept around if
+ exceptions happen so that interactive debuggers have a chance to
+ introspect the data. With 0.4 this can also be forced for requests
+ that did not fail and outside of ``DEBUG`` mode. By setting
+ ``'flask._preserve_context'`` to ``True`` on the WSGI environment the
+ context will not pop itself at the end of the request. This is used by
+ the :meth:`~flask.Flask.test_client` for example to implement the
+ deferred cleanup functionality.
+
+ You might find this helpful for unittests where you need the
+ information from the context local around for a little longer. Make
+ sure to properly :meth:`~werkzeug.LocalStack.pop` the stack yourself in
+ that situation, otherwise your unittests will leak memory.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ app: "Flask",
+ environ: dict,
+ request: t.Optional["Request"] = None,
+ session: t.Optional["SessionMixin"] = None,
+ ) -> None:
+ self.app = app
+ if request is None:
+ request = app.request_class(environ)
+ self.request = request
+ self.url_adapter = None
+ try:
+ self.url_adapter = app.create_url_adapter(self.request)
+ except HTTPException as e:
+ self.request.routing_exception = e
+ self.flashes = None
+ self.session = session
+
+ # Request contexts can be pushed multiple times and interleaved with
+ # other request contexts. Now only if the last level is popped we
+ # get rid of them. Additionally if an application context is missing
+ # one is created implicitly so for each level we add this information
+ self._implicit_app_ctx_stack: t.List[t.Optional["AppContext"]] = []
+
+ # indicator if the context was preserved. Next time another context
+ # is pushed the preserved context is popped.
+ self.preserved = False
+
+ # remembers the exception for pop if there is one in case the context
+ # preservation kicks in.
+ self._preserved_exc = None
+
+ # Functions that should be executed after the request on the response
+ # object. These will be called before the regular "after_request"
+ # functions.
+ self._after_request_functions: t.List[AfterRequestCallable] = []
+
+ @property
+ def g(self) -> AppContext:
+ return _app_ctx_stack.top.g
+
+ @g.setter
+ def g(self, value: AppContext) -> None:
+ _app_ctx_stack.top.g = value
+
+ def copy(self) -> "RequestContext":
+ """Creates a copy of this request context with the same request object.
+ This can be used to move a request context to a different greenlet.
+ Because the actual request object is the same this cannot be used to
+ move a request context to a different thread unless access to the
+ request object is locked.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.1
+ The current session object is used instead of reloading the original
+ data. This prevents `flask.session` pointing to an out-of-date object.
+ """
+ return self.__class__(
+ self.app,
+ environ=self.request.environ,
+ request=self.request,
+ session=self.session,
+ )
+
+ def match_request(self) -> None:
+ """Can be overridden by a subclass to hook into the matching
+ of the request.
+ """
+ try:
+ result = self.url_adapter.match(return_rule=True) # type: ignore
+ self.request.url_rule, self.request.view_args = result # type: ignore
+ except HTTPException as e:
+ self.request.routing_exception = e
+
+ def push(self) -> None:
+ """Binds the request context to the current context."""
+ # If an exception occurs in debug mode or if context preservation is
+ # activated under exception situations exactly one context stays
+ # on the stack. The rationale is that you want to access that
+ # information under debug situations. However if someone forgets to
+ # pop that context again we want to make sure that on the next push
+ # it's invalidated, otherwise we run at risk that something leaks
+ # memory. This is usually only a problem in test suite since this
+ # functionality is not active in production environments.
+ top = _request_ctx_stack.top
+ if top is not None and top.preserved:
+ top.pop(top._preserved_exc)
+
+ # Before we push the request context we have to ensure that there
+ # is an application context.
+ app_ctx = _app_ctx_stack.top
+ if app_ctx is None or app_ctx.app != self.app:
+ app_ctx = self.app.app_context()
+ app_ctx.push()
+ self._implicit_app_ctx_stack.append(app_ctx)
+ else:
+ self._implicit_app_ctx_stack.append(None)
+
+ _request_ctx_stack.push(self)
+
+ # Open the session at the moment that the request context is available.
+ # This allows a custom open_session method to use the request context.
+ # Only open a new session if this is the first time the request was
+ # pushed, otherwise stream_with_context loses the session.
+ if self.session is None:
+ session_interface = self.app.session_interface
+ self.session = session_interface.open_session(self.app, self.request)
+
+ if self.session is None:
+ self.session = session_interface.make_null_session(self.app)
+
+ # Match the request URL after loading the session, so that the
+ # session is available in custom URL converters.
+ if self.url_adapter is not None:
+ self.match_request()
+
+ def pop(self, exc: t.Optional[BaseException] = _sentinel) -> None: # type: ignore
+ """Pops the request context and unbinds it by doing that. This will
+ also trigger the execution of functions registered by the
+ :meth:`~flask.Flask.teardown_request` decorator.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+ Added the `exc` argument.
+ """
+ app_ctx = self._implicit_app_ctx_stack.pop()
+ clear_request = False
+
+ try:
+ if not self._implicit_app_ctx_stack:
+ self.preserved = False
+ self._preserved_exc = None
+ if exc is _sentinel:
+ exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
+ self.app.do_teardown_request(exc)
+
+ request_close = getattr(self.request, "close", None)
+ if request_close is not None:
+ request_close()
+ clear_request = True
+ finally:
+ rv = _request_ctx_stack.pop()
+
+ # get rid of circular dependencies at the end of the request
+ # so that we don't require the GC to be active.
+ if clear_request:
+ rv.request.environ["werkzeug.request"] = None
+
+ # Get rid of the app as well if necessary.
+ if app_ctx is not None:
+ app_ctx.pop(exc)
+
+ assert (
+ rv is self
+ ), f"Popped wrong request context. ({rv!r} instead of {self!r})"
+
+ def auto_pop(self, exc: t.Optional[BaseException]) -> None:
+ if self.request.environ.get("flask._preserve_context") or (
+ exc is not None and self.app.preserve_context_on_exception
+ ):
+ self.preserved = True
+ self._preserved_exc = exc # type: ignore
+ else:
+ self.pop(exc)
+
+ def __enter__(self) -> "RequestContext":
+ self.push()
+ return self
+
+ def __exit__(
+ self, exc_type: type, exc_value: BaseException, tb: TracebackType
+ ) -> None:
+ # do not pop the request stack if we are in debug mode and an
+ # exception happened. This will allow the debugger to still
+ # access the request object in the interactive shell. Furthermore
+ # the context can be force kept alive for the test client.
+ # See flask.testing for how this works.
+ self.auto_pop(exc_value)
+
+ def __repr__(self) -> str:
+ return (
+ f"<{type(self).__name__} {self.request.url!r}"
+ f" [{self.request.method}] of {self.app.name}>"
+ )
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/debughelpers.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/debughelpers.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ce65c487c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/debughelpers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+import os
+import typing as t
+from warnings import warn
+
+from .app import Flask
+from .blueprints import Blueprint
+from .globals import _request_ctx_stack
+
+
+class UnexpectedUnicodeError(AssertionError, UnicodeError):
+ """Raised in places where we want some better error reporting for
+ unexpected unicode or binary data.
+ """
+
+
+class DebugFilesKeyError(KeyError, AssertionError):
+ """Raised from request.files during debugging. The idea is that it can
+ provide a better error message than just a generic KeyError/BadRequest.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, request, key):
+ form_matches = request.form.getlist(key)
+ buf = [
+ f"You tried to access the file {key!r} in the request.files"
+ " dictionary but it does not exist. The mimetype for the"
+ f" request is {request.mimetype!r} instead of"
+ " 'multipart/form-data' which means that no file contents"
+ " were transmitted. To fix this error you should provide"
+ ' enctype="multipart/form-data" in your form.'
+ ]
+ if form_matches:
+ names = ", ".join(repr(x) for x in form_matches)
+ buf.append(
+ "\n\nThe browser instead transmitted some file names. "
+ f"This was submitted: {names}"
+ )
+ self.msg = "".join(buf)
+
+ def __str__(self):
+ return self.msg
+
+
+class FormDataRoutingRedirect(AssertionError):
+ """This exception is raised by Flask in debug mode if it detects a
+ redirect caused by the routing system when the request method is not
+ GET, HEAD or OPTIONS. Reasoning: form data will be dropped.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, request):
+ exc = request.routing_exception
+ buf = [
+ f"A request was sent to this URL ({request.url}) but a"
+ " redirect was issued automatically by the routing system"
+ f" to {exc.new_url!r}."
+ ]
+
+ # In case just a slash was appended we can be extra helpful
+ if f"{request.base_url}/" == exc.new_url.split("?")[0]:
+ buf.append(
+ " The URL was defined with a trailing slash so Flask"
+ " will automatically redirect to the URL with the"
+ " trailing slash if it was accessed without one."
+ )
+
+ buf.append(
+ " Make sure to directly send your"
+ f" {request.method}-request to this URL since we can't make"
+ " browsers or HTTP clients redirect with form data reliably"
+ " or without user interaction."
+ )
+ buf.append("\n\nNote: this exception is only raised in debug mode")
+ AssertionError.__init__(self, "".join(buf).encode("utf-8"))
+
+
+def attach_enctype_error_multidict(request):
+ """Since Flask 0.8 we're monkeypatching the files object in case a
+ request is detected that does not use multipart form data but the files
+ object is accessed.
+ """
+ oldcls = request.files.__class__
+
+ class newcls(oldcls):
+ def __getitem__(self, key):
+ try:
+ return oldcls.__getitem__(self, key)
+ except KeyError:
+ if key not in request.form:
+ raise
+ raise DebugFilesKeyError(request, key)
+
+ newcls.__name__ = oldcls.__name__
+ newcls.__module__ = oldcls.__module__
+ request.files.__class__ = newcls
+
+
+def _dump_loader_info(loader) -> t.Generator:
+ yield f"class: {type(loader).__module__}.{type(loader).__name__}"
+ for key, value in sorted(loader.__dict__.items()):
+ if key.startswith("_"):
+ continue
+ if isinstance(value, (tuple, list)):
+ if not all(isinstance(x, str) for x in value):
+ continue
+ yield f"{key}:"
+ for item in value:
+ yield f" - {item}"
+ continue
+ elif not isinstance(value, (str, int, float, bool)):
+ continue
+ yield f"{key}: {value!r}"
+
+
+def explain_template_loading_attempts(app: Flask, template, attempts) -> None:
+ """This should help developers understand what failed"""
+ info = [f"Locating template {template!r}:"]
+ total_found = 0
+ blueprint = None
+ reqctx = _request_ctx_stack.top
+ if reqctx is not None and reqctx.request.blueprint is not None:
+ blueprint = reqctx.request.blueprint
+
+ for idx, (loader, srcobj, triple) in enumerate(attempts):
+ if isinstance(srcobj, Flask):
+ src_info = f"application {srcobj.import_name!r}"
+ elif isinstance(srcobj, Blueprint):
+ src_info = f"blueprint {srcobj.name!r} ({srcobj.import_name})"
+ else:
+ src_info = repr(srcobj)
+
+ info.append(f"{idx + 1:5}: trying loader of {src_info}")
+
+ for line in _dump_loader_info(loader):
+ info.append(f" {line}")
+
+ if triple is None:
+ detail = "no match"
+ else:
+ detail = f"found ({triple[1] or ''!r})"
+ total_found += 1
+ info.append(f" -> {detail}")
+
+ seems_fishy = False
+ if total_found == 0:
+ info.append("Error: the template could not be found.")
+ seems_fishy = True
+ elif total_found > 1:
+ info.append("Warning: multiple loaders returned a match for the template.")
+ seems_fishy = True
+
+ if blueprint is not None and seems_fishy:
+ info.append(
+ " The template was looked up from an endpoint that belongs"
+ f" to the blueprint {blueprint!r}."
+ )
+ info.append(" Maybe you did not place a template in the right folder?")
+ info.append(" See https://flask.palletsprojects.com/blueprints/#templates")
+
+ app.logger.info("\n".join(info))
+
+
+def explain_ignored_app_run() -> None:
+ if os.environ.get("WERKZEUG_RUN_MAIN") != "true":
+ warn(
+ Warning(
+ "Silently ignoring app.run() because the application is"
+ " run from the flask command line executable. Consider"
+ ' putting app.run() behind an if __name__ == "__main__"'
+ " guard to silence this warning."
+ ),
+ stacklevel=3,
+ )
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/globals.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/globals.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6d91c75ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/globals.py
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+import typing as t
+from functools import partial
+
+from werkzeug.local import LocalProxy
+from werkzeug.local import LocalStack
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+ from .app import Flask
+ from .ctx import _AppCtxGlobals
+ from .sessions import SessionMixin
+ from .wrappers import Request
+
+_request_ctx_err_msg = """\
+Working outside of request context.
+
+This typically means that you attempted to use functionality that needed
+an active HTTP request. Consult the documentation on testing for
+information about how to avoid this problem.\
+"""
+_app_ctx_err_msg = """\
+Working outside of application context.
+
+This typically means that you attempted to use functionality that needed
+to interface with the current application object in some way. To solve
+this, set up an application context with app.app_context(). See the
+documentation for more information.\
+"""
+
+
+def _lookup_req_object(name):
+ top = _request_ctx_stack.top
+ if top is None:
+ raise RuntimeError(_request_ctx_err_msg)
+ return getattr(top, name)
+
+
+def _lookup_app_object(name):
+ top = _app_ctx_stack.top
+ if top is None:
+ raise RuntimeError(_app_ctx_err_msg)
+ return getattr(top, name)
+
+
+def _find_app():
+ top = _app_ctx_stack.top
+ if top is None:
+ raise RuntimeError(_app_ctx_err_msg)
+ return top.app
+
+
+# context locals
+_request_ctx_stack = LocalStack()
+_app_ctx_stack = LocalStack()
+current_app: "Flask" = LocalProxy(_find_app) # type: ignore
+request: "Request" = LocalProxy(partial(_lookup_req_object, "request")) # type: ignore
+session: "SessionMixin" = LocalProxy( # type: ignore
+ partial(_lookup_req_object, "session")
+)
+g: "_AppCtxGlobals" = LocalProxy(partial(_lookup_app_object, "g")) # type: ignore
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/helpers.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/helpers.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7b8b08702
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/helpers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,836 @@
+import os
+import pkgutil
+import socket
+import sys
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import timedelta
+from functools import lru_cache
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from threading import RLock
+
+import werkzeug.utils
+from werkzeug.exceptions import NotFound
+from werkzeug.routing import BuildError
+from werkzeug.urls import url_quote
+
+from .globals import _app_ctx_stack
+from .globals import _request_ctx_stack
+from .globals import current_app
+from .globals import request
+from .globals import session
+from .signals import message_flashed
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+ from .wrappers import Response
+
+
+def get_env() -> str:
+ """Get the environment the app is running in, indicated by the
+ :envvar:`FLASK_ENV` environment variable. The default is
+ ``'production'``.
+ """
+ return os.environ.get("FLASK_ENV") or "production"
+
+
+def get_debug_flag() -> bool:
+ """Get whether debug mode should be enabled for the app, indicated
+ by the :envvar:`FLASK_DEBUG` environment variable. The default is
+ ``True`` if :func:`.get_env` returns ``'development'``, or ``False``
+ otherwise.
+ """
+ val = os.environ.get("FLASK_DEBUG")
+
+ if not val:
+ return get_env() == "development"
+
+ return val.lower() not in ("0", "false", "no")
+
+
+def get_load_dotenv(default: bool = True) -> bool:
+ """Get whether the user has disabled loading dotenv files by setting
+ :envvar:`FLASK_SKIP_DOTENV`. The default is ``True``, load the
+ files.
+
+ :param default: What to return if the env var isn't set.
+ """
+ val = os.environ.get("FLASK_SKIP_DOTENV")
+
+ if not val:
+ return default
+
+ return val.lower() in ("0", "false", "no")
+
+
+def stream_with_context(
+ generator_or_function: t.Union[
+ t.Iterator[t.AnyStr], t.Callable[..., t.Iterator[t.AnyStr]]
+ ]
+) -> t.Iterator[t.AnyStr]:
+ """Request contexts disappear when the response is started on the server.
+ This is done for efficiency reasons and to make it less likely to encounter
+ memory leaks with badly written WSGI middlewares. The downside is that if
+ you are using streamed responses, the generator cannot access request bound
+ information any more.
+
+ This function however can help you keep the context around for longer::
+
+ from flask import stream_with_context, request, Response
+
+ @app.route('/stream')
+ def streamed_response():
+ @stream_with_context
+ def generate():
+ yield 'Hello '
+ yield request.args['name']
+ yield '!'
+ return Response(generate())
+
+ Alternatively it can also be used around a specific generator::
+
+ from flask import stream_with_context, request, Response
+
+ @app.route('/stream')
+ def streamed_response():
+ def generate():
+ yield 'Hello '
+ yield request.args['name']
+ yield '!'
+ return Response(stream_with_context(generate()))
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.9
+ """
+ try:
+ gen = iter(generator_or_function) # type: ignore
+ except TypeError:
+
+ def decorator(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+ gen = generator_or_function(*args, **kwargs) # type: ignore
+ return stream_with_context(gen)
+
+ return update_wrapper(decorator, generator_or_function) # type: ignore
+
+ def generator() -> t.Generator:
+ ctx = _request_ctx_stack.top
+ if ctx is None:
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ "Attempted to stream with context but "
+ "there was no context in the first place to keep around."
+ )
+ with ctx:
+ # Dummy sentinel. Has to be inside the context block or we're
+ # not actually keeping the context around.
+ yield None
+
+ # The try/finally is here so that if someone passes a WSGI level
+ # iterator in we're still running the cleanup logic. Generators
+ # don't need that because they are closed on their destruction
+ # automatically.
+ try:
+ yield from gen
+ finally:
+ if hasattr(gen, "close"):
+ gen.close() # type: ignore
+
+ # The trick is to start the generator. Then the code execution runs until
+ # the first dummy None is yielded at which point the context was already
+ # pushed. This item is discarded. Then when the iteration continues the
+ # real generator is executed.
+ wrapped_g = generator()
+ next(wrapped_g)
+ return wrapped_g
+
+
+def make_response(*args: t.Any) -> "Response":
+ """Sometimes it is necessary to set additional headers in a view. Because
+ views do not have to return response objects but can return a value that
+ is converted into a response object by Flask itself, it becomes tricky to
+ add headers to it. This function can be called instead of using a return
+ and you will get a response object which you can use to attach headers.
+
+ If view looked like this and you want to add a new header::
+
+ def index():
+ return render_template('index.html', foo=42)
+
+ You can now do something like this::
+
+ def index():
+ response = make_response(render_template('index.html', foo=42))
+ response.headers['X-Parachutes'] = 'parachutes are cool'
+ return response
+
+ This function accepts the very same arguments you can return from a
+ view function. This for example creates a response with a 404 error
+ code::
+
+ response = make_response(render_template('not_found.html'), 404)
+
+ The other use case of this function is to force the return value of a
+ view function into a response which is helpful with view
+ decorators::
+
+ response = make_response(view_function())
+ response.headers['X-Parachutes'] = 'parachutes are cool'
+
+ Internally this function does the following things:
+
+ - if no arguments are passed, it creates a new response argument
+ - if one argument is passed, :meth:`flask.Flask.make_response`
+ is invoked with it.
+ - if more than one argument is passed, the arguments are passed
+ to the :meth:`flask.Flask.make_response` function as tuple.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.6
+ """
+ if not args:
+ return current_app.response_class()
+ if len(args) == 1:
+ args = args[0]
+ return current_app.make_response(args)
+
+
+def url_for(endpoint: str, **values: t.Any) -> str:
+ """Generates a URL to the given endpoint with the method provided.
+
+ Variable arguments that are unknown to the target endpoint are appended
+ to the generated URL as query arguments. If the value of a query argument
+ is ``None``, the whole pair is skipped. In case blueprints are active
+ you can shortcut references to the same blueprint by prefixing the
+ local endpoint with a dot (``.``).
+
+ This will reference the index function local to the current blueprint::
+
+ url_for('.index')
+
+ See :ref:`url-building`.
+
+ Configuration values ``APPLICATION_ROOT`` and ``SERVER_NAME`` are only used when
+ generating URLs outside of a request context.
+
+ To integrate applications, :class:`Flask` has a hook to intercept URL build
+ errors through :attr:`Flask.url_build_error_handlers`. The `url_for`
+ function results in a :exc:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError` when the current
+ app does not have a URL for the given endpoint and values. When it does, the
+ :data:`~flask.current_app` calls its :attr:`~Flask.url_build_error_handlers` if
+ it is not ``None``, which can return a string to use as the result of
+ `url_for` (instead of `url_for`'s default to raise the
+ :exc:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError` exception) or re-raise the exception.
+ An example::
+
+ def external_url_handler(error, endpoint, values):
+ "Looks up an external URL when `url_for` cannot build a URL."
+ # This is an example of hooking the build_error_handler.
+ # Here, lookup_url is some utility function you've built
+ # which looks up the endpoint in some external URL registry.
+ url = lookup_url(endpoint, **values)
+ if url is None:
+ # External lookup did not have a URL.
+ # Re-raise the BuildError, in context of original traceback.
+ exc_type, exc_value, tb = sys.exc_info()
+ if exc_value is error:
+ raise exc_type(exc_value).with_traceback(tb)
+ else:
+ raise error
+ # url_for will use this result, instead of raising BuildError.
+ return url
+
+ app.url_build_error_handlers.append(external_url_handler)
+
+ Here, `error` is the instance of :exc:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError`, and
+ `endpoint` and `values` are the arguments passed into `url_for`. Note
+ that this is for building URLs outside the current application, and not for
+ handling 404 NotFound errors.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.10
+ The `_scheme` parameter was added.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.9
+ The `_anchor` and `_method` parameters were added.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.9
+ Calls :meth:`Flask.handle_build_error` on
+ :exc:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError`.
+
+ :param endpoint: the endpoint of the URL (name of the function)
+ :param values: the variable arguments of the URL rule
+ :param _external: if set to ``True``, an absolute URL is generated. Server
+ address can be changed via ``SERVER_NAME`` configuration variable which
+ falls back to the `Host` header, then to the IP and port of the request.
+ :param _scheme: a string specifying the desired URL scheme. The `_external`
+ parameter must be set to ``True`` or a :exc:`ValueError` is raised. The default
+ behavior uses the same scheme as the current request, or
+ :data:`PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME` if no request context is available.
+ This also can be set to an empty string to build protocol-relative
+ URLs.
+ :param _anchor: if provided this is added as anchor to the URL.
+ :param _method: if provided this explicitly specifies an HTTP method.
+ """
+ appctx = _app_ctx_stack.top
+ reqctx = _request_ctx_stack.top
+
+ if appctx is None:
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ "Attempted to generate a URL without the application context being"
+ " pushed. This has to be executed when application context is"
+ " available."
+ )
+
+ # If request specific information is available we have some extra
+ # features that support "relative" URLs.
+ if reqctx is not None:
+ url_adapter = reqctx.url_adapter
+ blueprint_name = request.blueprint
+
+ if endpoint[:1] == ".":
+ if blueprint_name is not None:
+ endpoint = f"{blueprint_name}{endpoint}"
+ else:
+ endpoint = endpoint[1:]
+
+ external = values.pop("_external", False)
+
+ # Otherwise go with the url adapter from the appctx and make
+ # the URLs external by default.
+ else:
+ url_adapter = appctx.url_adapter
+
+ if url_adapter is None:
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ "Application was not able to create a URL adapter for request"
+ " independent URL generation. You might be able to fix this by"
+ " setting the SERVER_NAME config variable."
+ )
+
+ external = values.pop("_external", True)
+
+ anchor = values.pop("_anchor", None)
+ method = values.pop("_method", None)
+ scheme = values.pop("_scheme", None)
+ appctx.app.inject_url_defaults(endpoint, values)
+
+ # This is not the best way to deal with this but currently the
+ # underlying Werkzeug router does not support overriding the scheme on
+ # a per build call basis.
+ old_scheme = None
+ if scheme is not None:
+ if not external:
+ raise ValueError("When specifying _scheme, _external must be True")
+ old_scheme = url_adapter.url_scheme
+ url_adapter.url_scheme = scheme
+
+ try:
+ try:
+ rv = url_adapter.build(
+ endpoint, values, method=method, force_external=external
+ )
+ finally:
+ if old_scheme is not None:
+ url_adapter.url_scheme = old_scheme
+ except BuildError as error:
+ # We need to inject the values again so that the app callback can
+ # deal with that sort of stuff.
+ values["_external"] = external
+ values["_anchor"] = anchor
+ values["_method"] = method
+ values["_scheme"] = scheme
+ return appctx.app.handle_url_build_error(error, endpoint, values)
+
+ if anchor is not None:
+ rv += f"#{url_quote(anchor)}"
+ return rv
+
+
+def get_template_attribute(template_name: str, attribute: str) -> t.Any:
+ """Loads a macro (or variable) a template exports. This can be used to
+ invoke a macro from within Python code. If you for example have a
+ template named :file:`_cider.html` with the following contents:
+
+ .. sourcecode:: html+jinja
+
+ {% macro hello(name) %}Hello {{ name }}!{% endmacro %}
+
+ You can access this from Python code like this::
+
+ hello = get_template_attribute('_cider.html', 'hello')
+ return hello('World')
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.2
+
+ :param template_name: the name of the template
+ :param attribute: the name of the variable of macro to access
+ """
+ return getattr(current_app.jinja_env.get_template(template_name).module, attribute)
+
+
+def flash(message: str, category: str = "message") -> None:
+ """Flashes a message to the next request. In order to remove the
+ flashed message from the session and to display it to the user,
+ the template has to call :func:`get_flashed_messages`.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.3
+ `category` parameter added.
+
+ :param message: the message to be flashed.
+ :param category: the category for the message. The following values
+ are recommended: ``'message'`` for any kind of message,
+ ``'error'`` for errors, ``'info'`` for information
+ messages and ``'warning'`` for warnings. However any
+ kind of string can be used as category.
+ """
+ # Original implementation:
+ #
+ # session.setdefault('_flashes', []).append((category, message))
+ #
+ # This assumed that changes made to mutable structures in the session are
+ # always in sync with the session object, which is not true for session
+ # implementations that use external storage for keeping their keys/values.
+ flashes = session.get("_flashes", [])
+ flashes.append((category, message))
+ session["_flashes"] = flashes
+ message_flashed.send(
+ current_app._get_current_object(), # type: ignore
+ message=message,
+ category=category,
+ )
+
+
+def get_flashed_messages(
+ with_categories: bool = False, category_filter: t.Iterable[str] = ()
+) -> t.Union[t.List[str], t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]]:
+ """Pulls all flashed messages from the session and returns them.
+ Further calls in the same request to the function will return
+ the same messages. By default just the messages are returned,
+ but when `with_categories` is set to ``True``, the return value will
+ be a list of tuples in the form ``(category, message)`` instead.
+
+ Filter the flashed messages to one or more categories by providing those
+ categories in `category_filter`. This allows rendering categories in
+ separate html blocks. The `with_categories` and `category_filter`
+ arguments are distinct:
+
+ * `with_categories` controls whether categories are returned with message
+ text (``True`` gives a tuple, where ``False`` gives just the message text).
+ * `category_filter` filters the messages down to only those matching the
+ provided categories.
+
+ See :doc:`/patterns/flashing` for examples.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.3
+ `with_categories` parameter added.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+ `category_filter` parameter added.
+
+ :param with_categories: set to ``True`` to also receive categories.
+ :param category_filter: filter of categories to limit return values. Only
+ categories in the list will be returned.
+ """
+ flashes = _request_ctx_stack.top.flashes
+ if flashes is None:
+ _request_ctx_stack.top.flashes = flashes = (
+ session.pop("_flashes") if "_flashes" in session else []
+ )
+ if category_filter:
+ flashes = list(filter(lambda f: f[0] in category_filter, flashes))
+ if not with_categories:
+ return [x[1] for x in flashes]
+ return flashes
+
+
+def _prepare_send_file_kwargs(
+ download_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ attachment_filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ etag: t.Optional[t.Union[bool, str]] = None,
+ add_etags: t.Optional[t.Union[bool]] = None,
+ max_age: t.Optional[
+ t.Union[int, t.Callable[[t.Optional[str]], t.Optional[int]]]
+ ] = None,
+ cache_timeout: t.Optional[int] = None,
+ **kwargs: t.Any,
+) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+ if attachment_filename is not None:
+ warnings.warn(
+ "The 'attachment_filename' parameter has been renamed to"
+ " 'download_name'. The old name will be removed in Flask"
+ " 2.1.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ stacklevel=3,
+ )
+ download_name = attachment_filename
+
+ if cache_timeout is not None:
+ warnings.warn(
+ "The 'cache_timeout' parameter has been renamed to"
+ " 'max_age'. The old name will be removed in Flask 2.1.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ stacklevel=3,
+ )
+ max_age = cache_timeout
+
+ if add_etags is not None:
+ warnings.warn(
+ "The 'add_etags' parameter has been renamed to 'etag'. The"
+ " old name will be removed in Flask 2.1.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ stacklevel=3,
+ )
+ etag = add_etags
+
+ if max_age is None:
+ max_age = current_app.get_send_file_max_age
+
+ kwargs.update(
+ environ=request.environ,
+ download_name=download_name,
+ etag=etag,
+ max_age=max_age,
+ use_x_sendfile=current_app.use_x_sendfile,
+ response_class=current_app.response_class,
+ _root_path=current_app.root_path, # type: ignore
+ )
+ return kwargs
+
+
+def send_file(
+ path_or_file: t.Union[os.PathLike, str, t.BinaryIO],
+ mimetype: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ as_attachment: bool = False,
+ download_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ attachment_filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ conditional: bool = True,
+ etag: t.Union[bool, str] = True,
+ add_etags: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+ last_modified: t.Optional[t.Union[datetime, int, float]] = None,
+ max_age: t.Optional[
+ t.Union[int, t.Callable[[t.Optional[str]], t.Optional[int]]]
+ ] = None,
+ cache_timeout: t.Optional[int] = None,
+):
+ """Send the contents of a file to the client.
+
+ The first argument can be a file path or a file-like object. Paths
+ are preferred in most cases because Werkzeug can manage the file and
+ get extra information from the path. Passing a file-like object
+ requires that the file is opened in binary mode, and is mostly
+ useful when building a file in memory with :class:`io.BytesIO`.
+
+ Never pass file paths provided by a user. The path is assumed to be
+ trusted, so a user could craft a path to access a file you didn't
+ intend. Use :func:`send_from_directory` to safely serve
+ user-requested paths from within a directory.
+
+ If the WSGI server sets a ``file_wrapper`` in ``environ``, it is
+ used, otherwise Werkzeug's built-in wrapper is used. Alternatively,
+ if the HTTP server supports ``X-Sendfile``, configuring Flask with
+ ``USE_X_SENDFILE = True`` will tell the server to send the given
+ path, which is much more efficient than reading it in Python.
+
+ :param path_or_file: The path to the file to send, relative to the
+ current working directory if a relative path is given.
+ Alternatively, a file-like object opened in binary mode. Make
+ sure the file pointer is seeked to the start of the data.
+ :param mimetype: The MIME type to send for the file. If not
+ provided, it will try to detect it from the file name.
+ :param as_attachment: Indicate to a browser that it should offer to
+ save the file instead of displaying it.
+ :param download_name: The default name browsers will use when saving
+ the file. Defaults to the passed file name.
+ :param conditional: Enable conditional and range responses based on
+ request headers. Requires passing a file path and ``environ``.
+ :param etag: Calculate an ETag for the file, which requires passing
+ a file path. Can also be a string to use instead.
+ :param last_modified: The last modified time to send for the file,
+ in seconds. If not provided, it will try to detect it from the
+ file path.
+ :param max_age: How long the client should cache the file, in
+ seconds. If set, ``Cache-Control`` will be ``public``, otherwise
+ it will be ``no-cache`` to prefer conditional caching.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ ``download_name`` replaces the ``attachment_filename``
+ parameter. If ``as_attachment=False``, it is passed with
+ ``Content-Disposition: inline`` instead.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ ``max_age`` replaces the ``cache_timeout`` parameter.
+ ``conditional`` is enabled and ``max_age`` is not set by
+ default.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ ``etag`` replaces the ``add_etags`` parameter. It can be a
+ string to use instead of generating one.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ Passing a file-like object that inherits from
+ :class:`~io.TextIOBase` will raise a :exc:`ValueError` rather
+ than sending an empty file.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+ Moved the implementation to Werkzeug. This is now a wrapper to
+ pass some Flask-specific arguments.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.1
+ ``filename`` may be a :class:`~os.PathLike` object.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.1
+ Passing a :class:`~io.BytesIO` object supports range requests.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.0.3
+ Filenames are encoded with ASCII instead of Latin-1 for broader
+ compatibility with WSGI servers.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+ UTF-8 filenames as specified in :rfc:`2231` are supported.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.12
+ The filename is no longer automatically inferred from file
+ objects. If you want to use automatic MIME and etag support,
+ pass a filename via ``filename_or_fp`` or
+ ``attachment_filename``.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.12
+ ``attachment_filename`` is preferred over ``filename`` for MIME
+ detection.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+ ``cache_timeout`` defaults to
+ :meth:`Flask.get_send_file_max_age`.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.7
+ MIME guessing and etag support for file-like objects was
+ deprecated because it was unreliable. Pass a filename if you are
+ able to, otherwise attach an etag yourself.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+ The ``add_etags``, ``cache_timeout`` and ``conditional``
+ parameters were added. The default behavior is to add etags.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.2
+ """
+ return werkzeug.utils.send_file(
+ **_prepare_send_file_kwargs(
+ path_or_file=path_or_file,
+ environ=request.environ,
+ mimetype=mimetype,
+ as_attachment=as_attachment,
+ download_name=download_name,
+ attachment_filename=attachment_filename,
+ conditional=conditional,
+ etag=etag,
+ add_etags=add_etags,
+ last_modified=last_modified,
+ max_age=max_age,
+ cache_timeout=cache_timeout,
+ )
+ )
+
+
+def safe_join(directory: str, *pathnames: str) -> str:
+ """Safely join zero or more untrusted path components to a base
+ directory to avoid escaping the base directory.
+
+ :param directory: The trusted base directory.
+ :param pathnames: The untrusted path components relative to the
+ base directory.
+ :return: A safe path, otherwise ``None``.
+ """
+ warnings.warn(
+ "'flask.helpers.safe_join' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+ " Flask 2.1. Use 'werkzeug.utils.safe_join' instead.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ stacklevel=2,
+ )
+ path = werkzeug.utils.safe_join(directory, *pathnames)
+
+ if path is None:
+ raise NotFound()
+
+ return path
+
+
+def send_from_directory(
+ directory: t.Union[os.PathLike, str],
+ path: t.Union[os.PathLike, str],
+ filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ **kwargs: t.Any,
+) -> "Response":
+ """Send a file from within a directory using :func:`send_file`.
+
+ .. code-block:: python
+
+ @app.route("/uploads/")
+ def download_file(name):
+ return send_from_directory(
+ app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'], name, as_attachment=True
+ )
+
+ This is a secure way to serve files from a folder, such as static
+ files or uploads. Uses :func:`~werkzeug.security.safe_join` to
+ ensure the path coming from the client is not maliciously crafted to
+ point outside the specified directory.
+
+ If the final path does not point to an existing regular file,
+ raises a 404 :exc:`~werkzeug.exceptions.NotFound` error.
+
+ :param directory: The directory that ``path`` must be located under.
+ :param path: The path to the file to send, relative to
+ ``directory``.
+ :param kwargs: Arguments to pass to :func:`send_file`.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ ``path`` replaces the ``filename`` parameter.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.0
+ Moved the implementation to Werkzeug. This is now a wrapper to
+ pass some Flask-specific arguments.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 0.5
+ """
+ if filename is not None:
+ warnings.warn(
+ "The 'filename' parameter has been renamed to 'path'. The"
+ " old name will be removed in Flask 2.1.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ stacklevel=2,
+ )
+ path = filename
+
+ return werkzeug.utils.send_from_directory( # type: ignore
+ directory, path, **_prepare_send_file_kwargs(**kwargs)
+ )
+
+
+def get_root_path(import_name: str) -> str:
+ """Find the root path of a package, or the path that contains a
+ module. If it cannot be found, returns the current working
+ directory.
+
+ Not to be confused with the value returned by :func:`find_package`.
+
+ :meta private:
+ """
+ # Module already imported and has a file attribute. Use that first.
+ mod = sys.modules.get(import_name)
+
+ if mod is not None and hasattr(mod, "__file__"):
+ return os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(mod.__file__))
+
+ # Next attempt: check the loader.
+ loader = pkgutil.get_loader(import_name)
+
+ # Loader does not exist or we're referring to an unloaded main
+ # module or a main module without path (interactive sessions), go
+ # with the current working directory.
+ if loader is None or import_name == "__main__":
+ return os.getcwd()
+
+ if hasattr(loader, "get_filename"):
+ filepath = loader.get_filename(import_name) # type: ignore
+ else:
+ # Fall back to imports.
+ __import__(import_name)
+ mod = sys.modules[import_name]
+ filepath = getattr(mod, "__file__", None)
+
+ # If we don't have a file path it might be because it is a
+ # namespace package. In this case pick the root path from the
+ # first module that is contained in the package.
+ if filepath is None:
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ "No root path can be found for the provided module"
+ f" {import_name!r}. This can happen because the module"
+ " came from an import hook that does not provide file"
+ " name information or because it's a namespace package."
+ " In this case the root path needs to be explicitly"
+ " provided."
+ )
+
+ # filepath is import_name.py for a module, or __init__.py for a package.
+ return os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(filepath))
+
+
+class locked_cached_property(werkzeug.utils.cached_property):
+ """A :func:`property` that is only evaluated once. Like
+ :class:`werkzeug.utils.cached_property` except access uses a lock
+ for thread safety.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ Inherits from Werkzeug's ``cached_property`` (and ``property``).
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ fget: t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any],
+ name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ doc: t.Optional[str] = None,
+ ) -> None:
+ super().__init__(fget, name=name, doc=doc)
+ self.lock = RLock()
+
+ def __get__(self, obj: object, type: type = None) -> t.Any: # type: ignore
+ if obj is None:
+ return self
+
+ with self.lock:
+ return super().__get__(obj, type=type)
+
+ def __set__(self, obj: object, value: t.Any) -> None:
+ with self.lock:
+ super().__set__(obj, value)
+
+ def __delete__(self, obj: object) -> None:
+ with self.lock:
+ super().__delete__(obj)
+
+
+def total_seconds(td: timedelta) -> int:
+ """Returns the total seconds from a timedelta object.
+
+ :param timedelta td: the timedelta to be converted in seconds
+
+ :returns: number of seconds
+ :rtype: int
+
+ .. deprecated:: 2.0
+ Will be removed in Flask 2.1. Use
+ :meth:`timedelta.total_seconds` instead.
+ """
+ warnings.warn(
+ "'total_seconds' is deprecated and will be removed in Flask"
+ " 2.1. Use 'timedelta.total_seconds' instead.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ stacklevel=2,
+ )
+ return td.days * 60 * 60 * 24 + td.seconds
+
+
+def is_ip(value: str) -> bool:
+ """Determine if the given string is an IP address.
+
+ :param value: value to check
+ :type value: str
+
+ :return: True if string is an IP address
+ :rtype: bool
+ """
+ for family in (socket.AF_INET, socket.AF_INET6):
+ try:
+ socket.inet_pton(family, value)
+ except OSError:
+ pass
+ else:
+ return True
+
+ return False
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+def _split_blueprint_path(name: str) -> t.List[str]:
+ out: t.List[str] = [name]
+
+ if "." in name:
+ out.extend(_split_blueprint_path(name.rpartition(".")[0]))
+
+ return out
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/json/__init__.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/json/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5780e204c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/json/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,350 @@
+import io
+import json as _json
+import typing as t
+import uuid
+import warnings
+from datetime import date
+
+from jinja2.utils import htmlsafe_json_dumps as _jinja_htmlsafe_dumps
+from werkzeug.http import http_date
+
+from ..globals import current_app
+from ..globals import request
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+ from ..app import Flask
+ from ..wrappers import Response
+
+try:
+ import dataclasses
+except ImportError:
+ # Python < 3.7
+ dataclasses = None # type: ignore
+
+
+class JSONEncoder(_json.JSONEncoder):
+ """The default JSON encoder. Handles extra types compared to the
+ built-in :class:`json.JSONEncoder`.
+
+ - :class:`datetime.datetime` and :class:`datetime.date` are
+ serialized to :rfc:`822` strings. This is the same as the HTTP
+ date format.
+ - :class:`uuid.UUID` is serialized to a string.
+ - :class:`dataclasses.dataclass` is passed to
+ :func:`dataclasses.asdict`.
+ - :class:`~markupsafe.Markup` (or any object with a ``__html__``
+ method) will call the ``__html__`` method to get a string.
+
+ Assign a subclass of this to :attr:`flask.Flask.json_encoder` or
+ :attr:`flask.Blueprint.json_encoder` to override the default.
+ """
+
+ def default(self, o: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+ """Convert ``o`` to a JSON serializable type. See
+ :meth:`json.JSONEncoder.default`. Python does not support
+ overriding how basic types like ``str`` or ``list`` are
+ serialized, they are handled before this method.
+ """
+ if isinstance(o, date):
+ return http_date(o)
+ if isinstance(o, uuid.UUID):
+ return str(o)
+ if dataclasses and dataclasses.is_dataclass(o):
+ return dataclasses.asdict(o)
+ if hasattr(o, "__html__"):
+ return str(o.__html__())
+ return super().default(o)
+
+
+class JSONDecoder(_json.JSONDecoder):
+ """The default JSON decoder.
+
+ This does not change any behavior from the built-in
+ :class:`json.JSONDecoder`.
+
+ Assign a subclass of this to :attr:`flask.Flask.json_decoder` or
+ :attr:`flask.Blueprint.json_decoder` to override the default.
+ """
+
+
+def _dump_arg_defaults(
+ kwargs: t.Dict[str, t.Any], app: t.Optional["Flask"] = None
+) -> None:
+ """Inject default arguments for dump functions."""
+ if app is None:
+ app = current_app
+
+ if app:
+ cls = app.json_encoder
+ bp = app.blueprints.get(request.blueprint) if request else None # type: ignore
+ if bp is not None and bp.json_encoder is not None:
+ cls = bp.json_encoder
+
+ kwargs.setdefault("cls", cls)
+ kwargs.setdefault("ensure_ascii", app.config["JSON_AS_ASCII"])
+ kwargs.setdefault("sort_keys", app.config["JSON_SORT_KEYS"])
+ else:
+ kwargs.setdefault("sort_keys", True)
+ kwargs.setdefault("cls", JSONEncoder)
+
+
+def _load_arg_defaults(
+ kwargs: t.Dict[str, t.Any], app: t.Optional["Flask"] = None
+) -> None:
+ """Inject default arguments for load functions."""
+ if app is None:
+ app = current_app
+
+ if app:
+ cls = app.json_decoder
+ bp = app.blueprints.get(request.blueprint) if request else None # type: ignore
+ if bp is not None and bp.json_decoder is not None:
+ cls = bp.json_decoder
+
+ kwargs.setdefault("cls", cls)
+ else:
+ kwargs.setdefault("cls", JSONDecoder)
+
+
+def dumps(obj: t.Any, app: t.Optional["Flask"] = None, **kwargs: t.Any) -> str:
+ """Serialize an object to a string of JSON.
+
+ Takes the same arguments as the built-in :func:`json.dumps`, with
+ some defaults from application configuration.
+
+ :param obj: Object to serialize to JSON.
+ :param app: Use this app's config instead of the active app context
+ or defaults.
+ :param kwargs: Extra arguments passed to :func:`json.dumps`.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ ``encoding`` is deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.0.3
+ ``app`` can be passed directly, rather than requiring an app
+ context for configuration.
+ """
+ _dump_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=app)
+ encoding = kwargs.pop("encoding", None)
+ rv = _json.dumps(obj, **kwargs)
+
+ if encoding is not None:
+ warnings.warn(
+ "'encoding' is deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ stacklevel=2,
+ )
+
+ if isinstance(rv, str):
+ return rv.encode(encoding) # type: ignore
+
+ return rv
+
+
+def dump(
+ obj: t.Any, fp: t.IO[str], app: t.Optional["Flask"] = None, **kwargs: t.Any
+) -> None:
+ """Serialize an object to JSON written to a file object.
+
+ Takes the same arguments as the built-in :func:`json.dump`, with
+ some defaults from application configuration.
+
+ :param obj: Object to serialize to JSON.
+ :param fp: File object to write JSON to.
+ :param app: Use this app's config instead of the active app context
+ or defaults.
+ :param kwargs: Extra arguments passed to :func:`json.dump`.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ Writing to a binary file, and the ``encoding`` argument, is
+ deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1.
+ """
+ _dump_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=app)
+ encoding = kwargs.pop("encoding", None)
+ show_warning = encoding is not None
+
+ try:
+ fp.write("")
+ except TypeError:
+ show_warning = True
+ fp = io.TextIOWrapper(fp, encoding or "utf-8") # type: ignore
+
+ if show_warning:
+ warnings.warn(
+ "Writing to a binary file, and the 'encoding' argument, is"
+ " deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ stacklevel=2,
+ )
+
+ _json.dump(obj, fp, **kwargs)
+
+
+def loads(s: str, app: t.Optional["Flask"] = None, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+ """Deserialize an object from a string of JSON.
+
+ Takes the same arguments as the built-in :func:`json.loads`, with
+ some defaults from application configuration.
+
+ :param s: JSON string to deserialize.
+ :param app: Use this app's config instead of the active app context
+ or defaults.
+ :param kwargs: Extra arguments passed to :func:`json.loads`.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ ``encoding`` is deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1. The
+ data must be a string or UTF-8 bytes.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 1.0.3
+ ``app`` can be passed directly, rather than requiring an app
+ context for configuration.
+ """
+ _load_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=app)
+ encoding = kwargs.pop("encoding", None)
+
+ if encoding is not None:
+ warnings.warn(
+ "'encoding' is deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1."
+ " The data must be a string or UTF-8 bytes.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ stacklevel=2,
+ )
+
+ if isinstance(s, bytes):
+ s = s.decode(encoding)
+
+ return _json.loads(s, **kwargs)
+
+
+def load(fp: t.IO[str], app: t.Optional["Flask"] = None, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+ """Deserialize an object from JSON read from a file object.
+
+ Takes the same arguments as the built-in :func:`json.load`, with
+ some defaults from application configuration.
+
+ :param fp: File object to read JSON from.
+ :param app: Use this app's config instead of the active app context
+ or defaults.
+ :param kwargs: Extra arguments passed to :func:`json.load`.
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+ ``encoding`` is deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1. The
+ file must be text mode, or binary mode with UTF-8 bytes.
+ """
+ _load_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=app)
+ encoding = kwargs.pop("encoding", None)
+
+ if encoding is not None:
+ warnings.warn(
+ "'encoding' is deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1."
+ " The file must be text mode, or binary mode with UTF-8"
+ " bytes.",
+ DeprecationWarning,
+ stacklevel=2,
+ )
+
+ if isinstance(fp.read(0), bytes):
+ fp = io.TextIOWrapper(fp, encoding) # type: ignore
+
+ return _json.load(fp, **kwargs)
+
+
+def htmlsafe_dumps(obj: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> str:
+ """Serialize an object to a string of JSON with :func:`dumps`, then
+ replace HTML-unsafe characters with Unicode escapes and mark the
+ result safe with :class:`~markupsafe.Markup`.
+
+ This is available in templates as the ``|tojson`` filter.
+
+ The returned string is safe to render in HTML documents and
+ ``')
+ # => <script> do_nasty_stuff() </script>
+ # sanitize_html('Click here for $100 ')
+ # => Click here for $100
+ def sanitize_token(self, token):
+
+ # accommodate filters which use token_type differently
+ token_type = token["type"]
+ if token_type in ("StartTag", "EndTag", "EmptyTag"):
+ name = token["name"]
+ namespace = token["namespace"]
+ if ((namespace, name) in self.allowed_elements or
+ (namespace is None and
+ (namespaces["html"], name) in self.allowed_elements)):
+ return self.allowed_token(token)
+ else:
+ return self.disallowed_token(token)
+ elif token_type == "Comment":
+ pass
+ else:
+ return token
+
+ def allowed_token(self, token):
+ if "data" in token:
+ attrs = token["data"]
+ attr_names = set(attrs.keys())
+
+ # Remove forbidden attributes
+ for to_remove in (attr_names - self.allowed_attributes):
+ del token["data"][to_remove]
+ attr_names.remove(to_remove)
+
+ # Remove attributes with disallowed URL values
+ for attr in (attr_names & self.attr_val_is_uri):
+ assert attr in attrs
+ # I don't have a clue where this regexp comes from or why it matches those
+ # characters, nor why we call unescape. I just know it's always been here.
+ # Should you be worried by this comment in a sanitizer? Yes. On the other hand, all
+ # this will do is remove *more* than it otherwise would.
+ val_unescaped = re.sub("[`\x00-\x20\x7f-\xa0\\s]+", '',
+ unescape(attrs[attr])).lower()
+ # remove replacement characters from unescaped characters
+ val_unescaped = val_unescaped.replace("\ufffd", "")
+ try:
+ uri = urlparse.urlparse(val_unescaped)
+ except ValueError:
+ uri = None
+ del attrs[attr]
+ if uri and uri.scheme:
+ if uri.scheme not in self.allowed_protocols:
+ del attrs[attr]
+ if uri.scheme == 'data':
+ m = data_content_type.match(uri.path)
+ if not m:
+ del attrs[attr]
+ elif m.group('content_type') not in self.allowed_content_types:
+ del attrs[attr]
+
+ for attr in self.svg_attr_val_allows_ref:
+ if attr in attrs:
+ attrs[attr] = re.sub(r'url\s*\(\s*[^#\s][^)]+?\)',
+ ' ',
+ unescape(attrs[attr]))
+ if (token["name"] in self.svg_allow_local_href and
+ (namespaces['xlink'], 'href') in attrs and re.search(r'^\s*[^#\s].*',
+ attrs[(namespaces['xlink'], 'href')])):
+ del attrs[(namespaces['xlink'], 'href')]
+ if (None, 'style') in attrs:
+ attrs[(None, 'style')] = self.sanitize_css(attrs[(None, 'style')])
+ token["data"] = attrs
+ return token
+
+ def disallowed_token(self, token):
+ token_type = token["type"]
+ if token_type == "EndTag":
+ token["data"] = "%s>" % token["name"]
+ elif token["data"]:
+ assert token_type in ("StartTag", "EmptyTag")
+ attrs = []
+ for (ns, name), v in token["data"].items():
+ attrs.append(' %s="%s"' % (name if ns is None else "%s:%s" % (prefixes[ns], name), escape(v)))
+ token["data"] = "<%s%s>" % (token["name"], ''.join(attrs))
+ else:
+ token["data"] = "<%s>" % token["name"]
+ if token.get("selfClosing"):
+ token["data"] = token["data"][:-1] + "/>"
+
+ token["type"] = "Characters"
+
+ del token["name"]
+ return token
+
+ def sanitize_css(self, style):
+ # disallow urls
+ style = re.compile(r'url\s*\(\s*[^\s)]+?\s*\)\s*').sub(' ', style)
+
+ # gauntlet
+ if not re.match(r"""^([:,;#%.\sa-zA-Z0-9!]|\w-\w|'[\s\w]+'|"[\s\w]+"|\([\d,\s]+\))*$""", style):
+ return ''
+ if not re.match(r"^\s*([-\w]+\s*:[^:;]*(;\s*|$))*$", style):
+ return ''
+
+ clean = []
+ for prop, value in re.findall(r"([-\w]+)\s*:\s*([^:;]*)", style):
+ if not value:
+ continue
+ if prop.lower() in self.allowed_css_properties:
+ clean.append(prop + ': ' + value + ';')
+ elif prop.split('-')[0].lower() in ['background', 'border', 'margin',
+ 'padding']:
+ for keyword in value.split():
+ if keyword not in self.allowed_css_keywords and \
+ not re.match(r"^(#[0-9a-fA-F]+|rgb\(\d+%?,\d*%?,?\d*%?\)?|\d{0,2}\.?\d{0,2}(cm|em|ex|in|mm|pc|pt|px|%|,|\))?)$", keyword): # noqa
+ break
+ else:
+ clean.append(prop + ': ' + value + ';')
+ elif prop.lower() in self.allowed_svg_properties:
+ clean.append(prop + ': ' + value + ';')
+
+ return ' '.join(clean)
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/whitespace.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/whitespace.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d12584b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/whitespace.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+import re
+
+from . import base
+from ..constants import rcdataElements, spaceCharacters
+spaceCharacters = "".join(spaceCharacters)
+
+SPACES_REGEX = re.compile("[%s]+" % spaceCharacters)
+
+
+class Filter(base.Filter):
+ """Collapses whitespace except in pre, textarea, and script elements"""
+ spacePreserveElements = frozenset(["pre", "textarea"] + list(rcdataElements))
+
+ def __iter__(self):
+ preserve = 0
+ for token in base.Filter.__iter__(self):
+ type = token["type"]
+ if type == "StartTag" \
+ and (preserve or token["name"] in self.spacePreserveElements):
+ preserve += 1
+
+ elif type == "EndTag" and preserve:
+ preserve -= 1
+
+ elif not preserve and type == "SpaceCharacters" and token["data"]:
+ # Test on token["data"] above to not introduce spaces where there were not
+ token["data"] = " "
+
+ elif not preserve and type == "Characters":
+ token["data"] = collapse_spaces(token["data"])
+
+ yield token
+
+
+def collapse_spaces(text):
+ return SPACES_REGEX.sub(' ', text)
diff --git a/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/html5parser.py b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/html5parser.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ae41a1337
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BackEndChallenge/myproject/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/html5parser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2791 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+from pip._vendor.six import with_metaclass, viewkeys
+
+import types
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+from . import _inputstream
+from . import _tokenizer
+
+from . import treebuilders
+from .treebuilders.base import Marker
+
+from . import _utils
+from .constants import (
+ spaceCharacters, asciiUpper2Lower,
+ specialElements, headingElements, cdataElements, rcdataElements,
+ tokenTypes, tagTokenTypes,
+ namespaces,
+ htmlIntegrationPointElements, mathmlTextIntegrationPointElements,
+ adjustForeignAttributes as adjustForeignAttributesMap,
+ adjustMathMLAttributes, adjustSVGAttributes,
+ E,
+ _ReparseException
+)
+
+
+def parse(doc, treebuilder="etree", namespaceHTMLElements=True, **kwargs):
+ """Parse an HTML document as a string or file-like object into a tree
+
+ :arg doc: the document to parse as a string or file-like object
+
+ :arg treebuilder: the treebuilder to use when parsing
+
+ :arg namespaceHTMLElements: whether or not to namespace HTML elements
+
+ :returns: parsed tree
+
+ Example:
+
+ >>> from html5lib.html5parser import parse
+ >>> parse('This is a doc
')
+
+
+ """
+ tb = treebuilders.getTreeBuilder(treebuilder)
+ p = HTMLParser(tb, namespaceHTMLElements=namespaceHTMLElements)
+ return p.parse(doc, **kwargs)
+
+
+def parseFragment(doc, container="div", treebuilder="etree", namespaceHTMLElements=True, **kwargs):
+ """Parse an HTML fragment as a string or file-like object into a tree
+
+ :arg doc: the fragment to parse as a string or file-like object
+
+ :arg container: the container context to parse the fragment in
+
+ :arg treebuilder: the treebuilder to use when parsing
+
+ :arg namespaceHTMLElements: whether or not to namespace HTML elements
+
+ :returns: parsed tree
+
+ Example:
+
+ >>> from html5lib.html5libparser import parseFragment
+ >>> parseFragment('this is a fragment ')
+
+
+ """
+ tb = treebuilders.getTreeBuilder(treebuilder)
+ p = HTMLParser(tb, namespaceHTMLElements=namespaceHTMLElements)
+ return p.parseFragment(doc, container=container, **kwargs)
+
+
+def method_decorator_metaclass(function):
+ class Decorated(type):
+ def __new__(meta, classname, bases, classDict):
+ for attributeName, attribute in classDict.items():
+ if isinstance(attribute, types.FunctionType):
+ attribute = function(attribute)
+
+ classDict[attributeName] = attribute
+ return type.__new__(meta, classname, bases, classDict)
+ return Decorated
+
+
+class HTMLParser(object):
+ """HTML parser
+
+ Generates a tree structure from a stream of (possibly malformed) HTML.
+
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, tree=None, strict=False, namespaceHTMLElements=True, debug=False):
+ """
+ :arg tree: a treebuilder class controlling the type of tree that will be
+ returned. Built in treebuilders can be accessed through
+ html5lib.treebuilders.getTreeBuilder(treeType)
+
+ :arg strict: raise an exception when a parse error is encountered
+
+ :arg namespaceHTMLElements: whether or not to namespace HTML elements
+
+ :arg debug: whether or not to enable debug mode which logs things
+
+ Example:
+
+ >>> from html5lib.html5parser import HTMLParser
+ >>> parser = HTMLParser() # generates parser with etree builder
+ >>> parser = HTMLParser('lxml', strict=True) # generates parser with lxml builder which is strict
+
+ """
+
+ # Raise an exception on the first error encountered
+ self.strict = strict
+
+ if tree is None:
+ tree = treebuilders.getTreeBuilder("etree")
+ self.tree = tree(namespaceHTMLElements)
+ self.errors = []
+
+ self.phases = dict([(name, cls(self, self.tree)) for name, cls in
+ getPhases(debug).items()])
+
+ def _parse(self, stream, innerHTML=False, container="div", scripting=False, **kwargs):
+
+ self.innerHTMLMode = innerHTML
+ self.container = container
+ self.scripting = scripting
+ self.tokenizer = _tokenizer.HTMLTokenizer(stream, parser=self, **kwargs)
+ self.reset()
+
+ try:
+ self.mainLoop()
+ except _ReparseException:
+ self.reset()
+ self.mainLoop()
+
+ def reset(self):
+ self.tree.reset()
+ self.firstStartTag = False
+ self.errors = []
+ self.log = [] # only used with debug mode
+ # "quirks" / "limited quirks" / "no quirks"
+ self.compatMode = "no quirks"
+
+ if self.innerHTMLMode:
+ self.innerHTML = self.container.lower()
+
+ if self.innerHTML in cdataElements:
+ self.tokenizer.state = self.tokenizer.rcdataState
+ elif self.innerHTML in rcdataElements:
+ self.tokenizer.state = self.tokenizer.rawtextState
+ elif self.innerHTML == 'plaintext':
+ self.tokenizer.state = self.tokenizer.plaintextState
+ else:
+ # state already is data state
+ # self.tokenizer.state = self.tokenizer.dataState
+ pass
+ self.phase = self.phases["beforeHtml"]
+ self.phase.insertHtmlElement()
+ self.resetInsertionMode()
+ else:
+ self.innerHTML = False # pylint:disable=redefined-variable-type
+ self.phase = self.phases["initial"]
+
+ self.lastPhase = None
+
+ self.beforeRCDataPhase = None
+
+ self.framesetOK = True
+
+ @property
+ def documentEncoding(self):
+ """Name of the character encoding that was used to decode the input stream, or
+ :obj:`None` if that is not determined yet
+
+ """
+ if not hasattr(self, 'tokenizer'):
+ return None
+ return self.tokenizer.stream.charEncoding[0].name
+
+ def isHTMLIntegrationPoint(self, element):
+ if (element.name == "annotation-xml" and
+ element.namespace == namespaces["mathml"]):
+ return ("encoding" in element.attributes and
+ element.attributes["encoding"].translate(
+ asciiUpper2Lower) in
+ ("text/html", "application/xhtml+xml"))
+ else:
+ return (element.namespace, element.name) in htmlIntegrationPointElements
+
+ def isMathMLTextIntegrationPoint(self, element):
+ return (element.namespace, element.name) in mathmlTextIntegrationPointElements
+
+ def mainLoop(self):
+ CharactersToken = tokenTypes["Characters"]
+ SpaceCharactersToken = tokenTypes["SpaceCharacters"]
+ StartTagToken = tokenTypes["StartTag"]
+ EndTagToken = tokenTypes["EndTag"]
+ CommentToken = tokenTypes["Comment"]
+ DoctypeToken = tokenTypes["Doctype"]
+ ParseErrorToken = tokenTypes["ParseError"]
+
+ for token in self.normalizedTokens():
+ prev_token = None
+ new_token = token
+ while new_token is not None:
+ prev_token = new_token
+ currentNode = self.tree.openElements[-1] if self.tree.openElements else None
+ currentNodeNamespace = currentNode.namespace if currentNode else None
+ currentNodeName = currentNode.name if currentNode else None
+
+ type = new_token["type"]
+
+ if type == ParseErrorToken:
+ self.parseError(new_token["data"], new_token.get("datavars", {}))
+ new_token = None
+ else:
+ if (len(self.tree.openElements) == 0 or
+ currentNodeNamespace == self.tree.defaultNamespace or
+ (self.isMathMLTextIntegrationPoint(currentNode) and
+ ((type == StartTagToken and
+ token["name"] not in frozenset(["mglyph", "malignmark"])) or
+ type in (CharactersToken, SpaceCharactersToken))) or
+ (currentNodeNamespace == namespaces["mathml"] and
+ currentNodeName == "annotation-xml" and
+ type == StartTagToken and
+ token["name"] == "svg") or
+ (self.isHTMLIntegrationPoint(currentNode) and
+ type in (StartTagToken, CharactersToken, SpaceCharactersToken))):
+ phase = self.phase
+ else:
+ phase = self.phases["inForeignContent"]
+
+ if type == CharactersToken:
+ new_token = phase.processCharacters(new_token)
+ elif type == SpaceCharactersToken:
+ new_token = phase.processSpaceCharacters(new_token)
+ elif type == StartTagToken:
+ new_token = phase.processStartTag(new_token)
+ elif type == EndTagToken:
+ new_token = phase.processEndTag(new_token)
+ elif type == CommentToken:
+ new_token = phase.processComment(new_token)
+ elif type == DoctypeToken:
+ new_token = phase.processDoctype(new_token)
+
+ if (type == StartTagToken and prev_token["selfClosing"] and
+ not prev_token["selfClosingAcknowledged"]):
+ self.parseError("non-void-element-with-trailing-solidus",
+ {"name": prev_token["name"]})
+
+ # When the loop finishes it's EOF
+ reprocess = True
+ phases = []
+ while reprocess:
+ phases.append(self.phase)
+ reprocess = self.phase.processEOF()
+ if reprocess:
+ assert self.phase not in phases
+
+ def normalizedTokens(self):
+ for token in self.tokenizer:
+ yield self.normalizeToken(token)
+
+ def parse(self, stream, *args, **kwargs):
+ """Parse a HTML document into a well-formed tree
+
+ :arg stream: a file-like object or string containing the HTML to be parsed
+
+ The optional encoding parameter must be a string that indicates
+ the encoding. If specified, that encoding will be used,
+ regardless of any BOM or later declaration (such as in a meta
+ element).
+
+ :arg scripting: treat noscript elements as if JavaScript was turned on
+
+ :returns: parsed tree
+
+ Example:
+
+ >>> from html5lib.html5parser import HTMLParser
+ >>> parser = HTMLParser()
+ >>> parser.parse('This is a doc
')
+
+
+ """
+ self._parse(stream, False, None, *args, **kwargs)
+ return self.tree.getDocument()
+
+ def parseFragment(self, stream, *args, **kwargs):
+ """Parse a HTML fragment into a well-formed tree fragment
+
+ :arg container: name of the element we're setting the innerHTML
+ property if set to None, default to 'div'
+
+ :arg stream: a file-like object or string containing the HTML to be parsed
+
+ The optional encoding parameter must be a string that indicates
+ the encoding. If specified, that encoding will be used,
+ regardless of any BOM or later declaration (such as in a meta
+ element)
+
+ :arg scripting: treat noscript elements as if JavaScript was turned on
+
+ :returns: parsed tree
+
+ Example:
+
+ >>> from html5lib.html5libparser import HTMLParser
+ >>> parser = HTMLParser()
+ >>> parser.parseFragment('this is a fragment ')
+
+
+ """
+ self._parse(stream, True, *args, **kwargs)
+ return self.tree.getFragment()
+
+ def parseError(self, errorcode="XXX-undefined-error", datavars=None):
+ # XXX The idea is to make errorcode mandatory.
+ if datavars is None:
+ datavars = {}
+ self.errors.append((self.tokenizer.stream.position(), errorcode, datavars))
+ if self.strict:
+ raise ParseError(E[errorcode] % datavars)
+
+ def normalizeToken(self, token):
+ # HTML5 specific normalizations to the token stream
+ if token["type"] == tokenTypes["StartTag"]:
+ raw = token["data"]
+ token["data"] = OrderedDict(raw)
+ if len(raw) > len(token["data"]):
+ # we had some duplicated attribute, fix so first wins
+ token["data"].update(raw[::-1])
+
+ return token
+
+ def adjustMathMLAttributes(self, token):
+ adjust_attributes(token, adjustMathMLAttributes)
+
+ def adjustSVGAttributes(self, token):
+ adjust_attributes(token, adjustSVGAttributes)
+
+ def adjustForeignAttributes(self, token):
+ adjust_attributes(token, adjustForeignAttributesMap)
+
+ def reparseTokenNormal(self, token):
+ # pylint:disable=unused-argument
+ self.parser.phase()
+
+ def resetInsertionMode(self):
+ # The name of this method is mostly historical. (It's also used in the
+ # specification.)
+ last = False
+ newModes = {
+ "select": "inSelect",
+ "td": "inCell",
+ "th": "inCell",
+ "tr": "inRow",
+ "tbody": "inTableBody",
+ "thead": "inTableBody",
+ "tfoot": "inTableBody",
+ "caption": "inCaption",
+ "colgroup": "inColumnGroup",
+ "table": "inTable",
+ "head": "inBody",
+ "body": "inBody",
+ "frameset": "inFrameset",
+ "html": "beforeHead"
+ }
+ for node in self.tree.openElements[::-1]:
+ nodeName = node.name
+ new_phase = None
+ if node == self.tree.openElements[0]:
+ assert self.innerHTML
+ last = True
+ nodeName = self.innerHTML
+ # Check for conditions that should only happen in the innerHTML
+ # case
+ if nodeName in ("select", "colgroup", "head", "html"):
+ assert self.innerHTML
+
+ if not last and node.namespace != self.tree.defaultNamespace:
+ continue
+
+ if nodeName in newModes:
+ new_phase = self.phases[newModes[nodeName]]
+ break
+ elif last:
+ new_phase = self.phases["inBody"]
+ break
+
+ self.phase = new_phase
+
+ def parseRCDataRawtext(self, token, contentType):
+ # Generic RCDATA/RAWTEXT Parsing algorithm
+ assert contentType in ("RAWTEXT", "RCDATA")
+
+ self.tree.insertElement(token)
+
+ if contentType == "RAWTEXT":
+ self.tokenizer.state = self.tokenizer.rawtextState
+ else:
+ self.tokenizer.state = self.tokenizer.rcdataState
+
+ self.originalPhase = self.phase
+
+ self.phase = self.phases["text"]
+
+
+@_utils.memoize
+def getPhases(debug):
+ def log(function):
+ """Logger that records which phase processes each token"""
+ type_names = dict((value, key) for key, value in
+ tokenTypes.items())
+
+ def wrapped(self, *args, **kwargs):
+ if function.__name__.startswith("process") and len(args) > 0:
+ token = args[0]
+ try:
+ info = {"type": type_names[token['type']]}
+ except:
+ raise
+ if token['type'] in tagTokenTypes:
+ info["name"] = token['name']
+
+ self.parser.log.append((self.parser.tokenizer.state.__name__,
+ self.parser.phase.__class__.__name__,
+ self.__class__.__name__,
+ function.__name__,
+ info))
+ return function(self, *args, **kwargs)
+ else:
+ return function(self, *args, **kwargs)
+ return wrapped
+
+ def getMetaclass(use_metaclass, metaclass_func):
+ if use_metaclass:
+ return method_decorator_metaclass(metaclass_func)
+ else:
+ return type
+
+ # pylint:disable=unused-argument
+ class Phase(with_metaclass(getMetaclass(debug, log))):
+ """Base class for helper object that implements each phase of processing
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, parser, tree):
+ self.parser = parser
+ self.tree = tree
+
+ def processEOF(self):
+ raise NotImplementedError
+
+ def processComment(self, token):
+ # For most phases the following is correct. Where it's not it will be
+ # overridden.
+ self.tree.insertComment(token, self.tree.openElements[-1])
+
+ def processDoctype(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseError("unexpected-doctype")
+
+ def processCharacters(self, token):
+ self.tree.insertText(token["data"])
+
+ def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+ self.tree.insertText(token["data"])
+
+ def processStartTag(self, token):
+ return self.startTagHandler[token["name"]](token)
+
+ def startTagHtml(self, token):
+ if not self.parser.firstStartTag and token["name"] == "html":
+ self.parser.parseError("non-html-root")
+ # XXX Need a check here to see if the first start tag token emitted is
+ # this token... If it's not, invoke self.parser.parseError().
+ for attr, value in token["data"].items():
+ if attr not in self.tree.openElements[0].attributes:
+ self.tree.openElements[0].attributes[attr] = value
+ self.parser.firstStartTag = False
+
+ def processEndTag(self, token):
+ return self.endTagHandler[token["name"]](token)
+
+ class InitialPhase(Phase):
+ def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+ pass
+
+ def processComment(self, token):
+ self.tree.insertComment(token, self.tree.document)
+
+ def processDoctype(self, token):
+ name = token["name"]
+ publicId = token["publicId"]
+ systemId = token["systemId"]
+ correct = token["correct"]
+
+ if (name != "html" or publicId is not None or
+ systemId is not None and systemId != "about:legacy-compat"):
+ self.parser.parseError("unknown-doctype")
+
+ if publicId is None:
+ publicId = ""
+
+ self.tree.insertDoctype(token)
+
+ if publicId != "":
+ publicId = publicId.translate(asciiUpper2Lower)
+
+ if (not correct or token["name"] != "html" or
+ publicId.startswith(
+ ("+//silmaril//dtd html pro v0r11 19970101//",
+ "-//advasoft ltd//dtd html 3.0 aswedit + extensions//",
+ "-//as//dtd html 3.0 aswedit + extensions//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html 2.0 level 1//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html 2.0 level 2//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html 2.0 strict level 1//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html 2.0 strict level 2//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html 2.0 strict//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html 2.0//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html 2.1e//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html 3.0//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html 3.2 final//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html 3.2//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html 3//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html level 0//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html level 1//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html level 2//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html level 3//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html strict level 0//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html strict level 1//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html strict level 2//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html strict level 3//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html strict//",
+ "-//ietf//dtd html//",
+ "-//metrius//dtd metrius presentational//",
+ "-//microsoft//dtd internet explorer 2.0 html strict//",
+ "-//microsoft//dtd internet explorer 2.0 html//",
+ "-//microsoft//dtd internet explorer 2.0 tables//",
+ "-//microsoft//dtd internet explorer 3.0 html strict//",
+ "-//microsoft//dtd internet explorer 3.0 html//",
+ "-//microsoft//dtd internet explorer 3.0 tables//",
+ "-//netscape comm. corp.//dtd html//",
+ "-//netscape comm. corp.//dtd strict html//",
+ "-//o'reilly and associates//dtd html 2.0//",
+ "-//o'reilly and associates//dtd html extended 1.0//",
+ "-//o'reilly and associates//dtd html extended relaxed 1.0//",
+ "-//softquad software//dtd hotmetal pro 6.0::19990601::extensions to html 4.0//",
+ "-//softquad//dtd hotmetal pro 4.0::19971010::extensions to html 4.0//",
+ "-//spyglass//dtd html 2.0 extended//",
+ "-//sq//dtd html 2.0 hotmetal + extensions//",
+ "-//sun microsystems corp.//dtd hotjava html//",
+ "-//sun microsystems corp.//dtd hotjava strict html//",
+ "-//w3c//dtd html 3 1995-03-24//",
+ "-//w3c//dtd html 3.2 draft//",
+ "-//w3c//dtd html 3.2 final//",
+ "-//w3c//dtd html 3.2//",
+ "-//w3c//dtd html 3.2s draft//",
+ "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 frameset//",
+ "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//",
+ "-//w3c//dtd html experimental 19960712//",
+ "-//w3c//dtd html experimental 970421//",
+ "-//w3c//dtd w3 html//",
+ "-//w3o//dtd w3 html 3.0//",
+ "-//webtechs//dtd mozilla html 2.0//",
+ "-//webtechs//dtd mozilla html//")) or
+ publicId in ("-//w3o//dtd w3 html strict 3.0//en//",
+ "-/w3c/dtd html 4.0 transitional/en",
+ "html") or
+ publicId.startswith(
+ ("-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 frameset//",
+ "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//")) and
+ systemId is None or
+ systemId and systemId.lower() == "http://www.ibm.com/data/dtd/v11/ibmxhtml1-transitional.dtd"):
+ self.parser.compatMode = "quirks"
+ elif (publicId.startswith(
+ ("-//w3c//dtd xhtml 1.0 frameset//",
+ "-//w3c//dtd xhtml 1.0 transitional//")) or
+ publicId.startswith(
+ ("-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 frameset//",
+ "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//")) and
+ systemId is not None):
+ self.parser.compatMode = "limited quirks"
+
+ self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["beforeHtml"]
+
+ def anythingElse(self):
+ self.parser.compatMode = "quirks"
+ self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["beforeHtml"]
+
+ def processCharacters(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseError("expected-doctype-but-got-chars")
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return token
+
+ def processStartTag(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseError("expected-doctype-but-got-start-tag",
+ {"name": token["name"]})
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return token
+
+ def processEndTag(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseError("expected-doctype-but-got-end-tag",
+ {"name": token["name"]})
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return token
+
+ def processEOF(self):
+ self.parser.parseError("expected-doctype-but-got-eof")
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return True
+
+ class BeforeHtmlPhase(Phase):
+ # helper methods
+ def insertHtmlElement(self):
+ self.tree.insertRoot(impliedTagToken("html", "StartTag"))
+ self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["beforeHead"]
+
+ # other
+ def processEOF(self):
+ self.insertHtmlElement()
+ return True
+
+ def processComment(self, token):
+ self.tree.insertComment(token, self.tree.document)
+
+ def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+ pass
+
+ def processCharacters(self, token):
+ self.insertHtmlElement()
+ return token
+
+ def processStartTag(self, token):
+ if token["name"] == "html":
+ self.parser.firstStartTag = True
+ self.insertHtmlElement()
+ return token
+
+ def processEndTag(self, token):
+ if token["name"] not in ("head", "body", "html", "br"):
+ self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag-before-html",
+ {"name": token["name"]})
+ else:
+ self.insertHtmlElement()
+ return token
+
+ class BeforeHeadPhase(Phase):
+ def __init__(self, parser, tree):
+ Phase.__init__(self, parser, tree)
+
+ self.startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+ ("html", self.startTagHtml),
+ ("head", self.startTagHead)
+ ])
+ self.startTagHandler.default = self.startTagOther
+
+ self.endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+ (("head", "body", "html", "br"), self.endTagImplyHead)
+ ])
+ self.endTagHandler.default = self.endTagOther
+
+ def processEOF(self):
+ self.startTagHead(impliedTagToken("head", "StartTag"))
+ return True
+
+ def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+ pass
+
+ def processCharacters(self, token):
+ self.startTagHead(impliedTagToken("head", "StartTag"))
+ return token
+
+ def startTagHtml(self, token):
+ return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processStartTag(token)
+
+ def startTagHead(self, token):
+ self.tree.insertElement(token)
+ self.tree.headPointer = self.tree.openElements[-1]
+ self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inHead"]
+
+ def startTagOther(self, token):
+ self.startTagHead(impliedTagToken("head", "StartTag"))
+ return token
+
+ def endTagImplyHead(self, token):
+ self.startTagHead(impliedTagToken("head", "StartTag"))
+ return token
+
+ def endTagOther(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseError("end-tag-after-implied-root",
+ {"name": token["name"]})
+
+ class InHeadPhase(Phase):
+ def __init__(self, parser, tree):
+ Phase.__init__(self, parser, tree)
+
+ self.startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+ ("html", self.startTagHtml),
+ ("title", self.startTagTitle),
+ (("noframes", "style"), self.startTagNoFramesStyle),
+ ("noscript", self.startTagNoscript),
+ ("script", self.startTagScript),
+ (("base", "basefont", "bgsound", "command", "link"),
+ self.startTagBaseLinkCommand),
+ ("meta", self.startTagMeta),
+ ("head", self.startTagHead)
+ ])
+ self.startTagHandler.default = self.startTagOther
+
+ self.endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+ ("head", self.endTagHead),
+ (("br", "html", "body"), self.endTagHtmlBodyBr)
+ ])
+ self.endTagHandler.default = self.endTagOther
+
+ # the real thing
+ def processEOF(self):
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return True
+
+ def processCharacters(self, token):
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return token
+
+ def startTagHtml(self, token):
+ return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processStartTag(token)
+
+ def startTagHead(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseError("two-heads-are-not-better-than-one")
+
+ def startTagBaseLinkCommand(self, token):
+ self.tree.insertElement(token)
+ self.tree.openElements.pop()
+ token["selfClosingAcknowledged"] = True
+
+ def startTagMeta(self, token):
+ self.tree.insertElement(token)
+ self.tree.openElements.pop()
+ token["selfClosingAcknowledged"] = True
+
+ attributes = token["data"]
+ if self.parser.tokenizer.stream.charEncoding[1] == "tentative":
+ if "charset" in attributes:
+ self.parser.tokenizer.stream.changeEncoding(attributes["charset"])
+ elif ("content" in attributes and
+ "http-equiv" in attributes and
+ attributes["http-equiv"].lower() == "content-type"):
+ # Encoding it as UTF-8 here is a hack, as really we should pass
+ # the abstract Unicode string, and just use the
+ # ContentAttrParser on that, but using UTF-8 allows all chars
+ # to be encoded and as a ASCII-superset works.
+ data = _inputstream.EncodingBytes(attributes["content"].encode("utf-8"))
+ parser = _inputstream.ContentAttrParser(data)
+ codec = parser.parse()
+ self.parser.tokenizer.stream.changeEncoding(codec)
+
+ def startTagTitle(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseRCDataRawtext(token, "RCDATA")
+
+ def startTagNoFramesStyle(self, token):
+ # Need to decide whether to implement the scripting-disabled case
+ self.parser.parseRCDataRawtext(token, "RAWTEXT")
+
+ def startTagNoscript(self, token):
+ if self.parser.scripting:
+ self.parser.parseRCDataRawtext(token, "RAWTEXT")
+ else:
+ self.tree.insertElement(token)
+ self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inHeadNoscript"]
+
+ def startTagScript(self, token):
+ self.tree.insertElement(token)
+ self.parser.tokenizer.state = self.parser.tokenizer.scriptDataState
+ self.parser.originalPhase = self.parser.phase
+ self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["text"]
+
+ def startTagOther(self, token):
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return token
+
+ def endTagHead(self, token):
+ node = self.parser.tree.openElements.pop()
+ assert node.name == "head", "Expected head got %s" % node.name
+ self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["afterHead"]
+
+ def endTagHtmlBodyBr(self, token):
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return token
+
+ def endTagOther(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+ def anythingElse(self):
+ self.endTagHead(impliedTagToken("head"))
+
+ class InHeadNoscriptPhase(Phase):
+ def __init__(self, parser, tree):
+ Phase.__init__(self, parser, tree)
+
+ self.startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+ ("html", self.startTagHtml),
+ (("basefont", "bgsound", "link", "meta", "noframes", "style"), self.startTagBaseLinkCommand),
+ (("head", "noscript"), self.startTagHeadNoscript),
+ ])
+ self.startTagHandler.default = self.startTagOther
+
+ self.endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+ ("noscript", self.endTagNoscript),
+ ("br", self.endTagBr),
+ ])
+ self.endTagHandler.default = self.endTagOther
+
+ def processEOF(self):
+ self.parser.parseError("eof-in-head-noscript")
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return True
+
+ def processComment(self, token):
+ return self.parser.phases["inHead"].processComment(token)
+
+ def processCharacters(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseError("char-in-head-noscript")
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return token
+
+ def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+ return self.parser.phases["inHead"].processSpaceCharacters(token)
+
+ def startTagHtml(self, token):
+ return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processStartTag(token)
+
+ def startTagBaseLinkCommand(self, token):
+ return self.parser.phases["inHead"].processStartTag(token)
+
+ def startTagHeadNoscript(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+ def startTagOther(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseError("unexpected-inhead-noscript-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return token
+
+ def endTagNoscript(self, token):
+ node = self.parser.tree.openElements.pop()
+ assert node.name == "noscript", "Expected noscript got %s" % node.name
+ self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inHead"]
+
+ def endTagBr(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseError("unexpected-inhead-noscript-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return token
+
+ def endTagOther(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+ def anythingElse(self):
+ # Caller must raise parse error first!
+ self.endTagNoscript(impliedTagToken("noscript"))
+
+ class AfterHeadPhase(Phase):
+ def __init__(self, parser, tree):
+ Phase.__init__(self, parser, tree)
+
+ self.startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+ ("html", self.startTagHtml),
+ ("body", self.startTagBody),
+ ("frameset", self.startTagFrameset),
+ (("base", "basefont", "bgsound", "link", "meta", "noframes", "script",
+ "style", "title"),
+ self.startTagFromHead),
+ ("head", self.startTagHead)
+ ])
+ self.startTagHandler.default = self.startTagOther
+ self.endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([(("body", "html", "br"),
+ self.endTagHtmlBodyBr)])
+ self.endTagHandler.default = self.endTagOther
+
+ def processEOF(self):
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return True
+
+ def processCharacters(self, token):
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return token
+
+ def startTagHtml(self, token):
+ return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processStartTag(token)
+
+ def startTagBody(self, token):
+ self.parser.framesetOK = False
+ self.tree.insertElement(token)
+ self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inBody"]
+
+ def startTagFrameset(self, token):
+ self.tree.insertElement(token)
+ self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inFrameset"]
+
+ def startTagFromHead(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag-out-of-my-head",
+ {"name": token["name"]})
+ self.tree.openElements.append(self.tree.headPointer)
+ self.parser.phases["inHead"].processStartTag(token)
+ for node in self.tree.openElements[::-1]:
+ if node.name == "head":
+ self.tree.openElements.remove(node)
+ break
+
+ def startTagHead(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+ def startTagOther(self, token):
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return token
+
+ def endTagHtmlBodyBr(self, token):
+ self.anythingElse()
+ return token
+
+ def endTagOther(self, token):
+ self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+ def anythingElse(self):
+ self.tree.insertElement(impliedTagToken("body", "StartTag"))
+ self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inBody"]
+ self.parser.framesetOK = True
+
+ class InBodyPhase(Phase):
+ # http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/#parsing-main-inbody
+ # the really-really-really-very crazy mode
+ def __init__(self, parser, tree):
+ Phase.__init__(self, parser, tree)
+
+ # Set this to the default handler
+ self.processSpaceCharacters = self.processSpaceCharactersNonPre
+
+ self.startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+ ("html", self.startTagHtml),
+ (("base", "basefont", "bgsound", "command", "link", "meta",
+ "script", "style", "title"),
+ self.startTagProcessInHead),
+ ("body", self.startTagBody),
+ ("frameset", self.startTagFrameset),
+ (("address", "article", "aside", "blockquote", "center", "details",
+ "dir", "div", "dl", "fieldset", "figcaption", "figure",
+ "footer", "header", "hgroup", "main", "menu", "nav", "ol", "p",
+ "section", "summary", "ul"),
+ self.startTagCloseP),
+ (headingElements, self.startTagHeading),
+ (("pre", "listing"), self.startTagPreListing),
+ ("form", self.startTagForm),
+ (("li", "dd", "dt"), self.startTagListItem),
+ ("plaintext", self.startTagPlaintext),
+ ("a", self.startTagA),
+ (("b", "big", "code", "em", "font", "i", "s", "small", "strike",
+ "strong", "tt", "u"), self.startTagFormatting),
+ ("nobr", self.startTagNobr),
+ ("button", self.startTagButton),
+ (("applet", "marquee", "object"), self.startTagAppletMarqueeObject),
+ ("xmp", self.startTagXmp),
+ ("table", self.startTagTable),
+ (("area", "br", "embed", "img", "keygen", "wbr"),
+ self.startTagVoidFormatting),
+ (("param", "source", "track"), self.startTagParamSource),
+ ("input", self.startTagInput),
+ ("hr", self.startTagHr),
+ ("image", self.startTagImage),
+ ("isindex", self.startTagIsIndex),
+ ("textarea", self.startTagTextarea),
+ ("iframe", self.startTagIFrame),
+ ("noscript", self.startTagNoscript),
+ (("noembed", "noframes"), self.startTagRawtext),
+ ("select", self.startTagSelect),
+ (("rp", "rt"), self.startTagRpRt),
+ (("option", "optgroup"), self.startTagOpt),
+ (("math"), self.startTagMath),
+ (("svg"), self.startTagSvg),
+ (("caption", "col", "colgroup", "frame", "head",
+ "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th", "thead",
+ "tr"), self.startTagMisplaced)
+ ])
+ self.startTagHandler.default = self.startTagOther
+
+ self.endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+ ("body", self.endTagBody),
+ ("html", self.endTagHtml),
+ (("address", "article", "aside", "blockquote", "button", "center",
+ "details", "dialog", "dir", "div", "dl", "fieldset", "figcaption", "figure",
+ "footer", "header", "hgroup", "listing", "main", "menu", "nav", "ol", "pre",
+ "section", "summary", "ul"), self.endTagBlock),
+ ("form", self.endTagForm),
+ ("p", self.endTagP),
+ (("dd", "dt", "li"), self.endTagListItem),
+ (headingElements, self.endTagHeading),
+ (("a", "b", "big", "code", "em", "font", "i", "nobr", "s", "small",
+ "strike", "strong", "tt", "u"), self.endTagFormatting),
+ (("applet", "marquee", "object"), self.endTagAppletMarqueeObject),
+ ("br", self.endTagBr),
+ ])
+ self.endTagHandler.default = self.endTagOther
+
+ def isMatchingFormattingElement(self, node1, node2):
+ return (node1.name == node2.name and
+ node1.namespace == node2.namespace and
+ node1.attributes == node2.attributes)
+
+ # helper
+ def addFormattingElement(self, token):
+ self.tree.insertElement(token)
+ element = self.tree.openElements[-1]
+
+ matchingElements = []
+ for node in self.tree.activeFormattingElements[::-1]:
+ if node is Marker:
+ break
+ elif self.isMatchingFormattingElement(node, element):
+ matchingElements.append(node)
+
+ assert len(matchingElements) <= 3
+ if len(matchingElements) == 3:
+ self.tree.activeFormattingElements.remove(matchingElements[-1])
+ self.tree.activeFormattingElements.append(element)
+
+ # the real deal
+ def processEOF(self):
+ allowed_elements = frozenset(("dd", "dt", "li", "p", "tbody", "td",
+ "tfoot", "th", "thead", "tr", "body",
+ "html"))
+ for node in self.tree.openElements[::-1]:
+ if node.name not in allowed_elements:
+ self.parser.parseError("expected-closing-tag-but-got-eof")
+ break
+ # Stop parsing
+
+ def processSpaceCharactersDropNewline(self, token):
+ # Sometimes (start of , , and